Ashley Kerna Bickel

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Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2018). Effects of Depredation and Mexican Gray Wolf Presence on Ranch Returns: Case Study of a Representative Ranch in Arizona. University of Arizona.
• Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2020). Agriculture in Graham and Greenlee Counties. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
• Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2020). Arizona County Agricultural Economy Profiles. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
• Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2020). The Economic Value of Trails in Arizona- A Travel Cost Method Study. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
• Duval, D. F., Bickel, A. K., & Frisvold, G. B. (2019). FARM-TO-SCHOOL PROGRAMS IN SOUTHERN ARIZONA: A CASE STUDY ON THE ECONOMICS OF LOCAL FOODS. University of Arizona Eller School of Management MAP (Making Action Possible) Dashboards.
  More info

  https://mapazdashboard.arizona.edu/article/farm-school-programs-southern-arizona-case-study-economics-local-foods
• Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2018). Contribution of On-Farm Agriculture and Agribusiness to the Pinal County Economy. AREC website.
• Duval, D. F., Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., Bickel, A. K., Frisvold, G. B., & Duval, D. F. (2018). Economic Contribution of Agriculture to the Maricopa County and Gila River Indian Community Economies. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
  More info

  Strategies to promote local and regional foods systems benefit from a baseline understanding of existing agricultural activity and its role within the regional economy. To encourage growth or changes in regional food systems, it is important to understand what is being produced, where and how it is being sold, and the potential economic impacts of shifting production and marketing channels. This study provides an estimate of the economic contribution of on-farm agriculture to the Maricopa County economy, as well as an estimate of the regional economic contribution of agricultural activity taking place within the Gila River Indian Community. It includes an overview of commodities produced, their direct sales effects, and an estimate of multiplier effects within the regional economy. Additionally, information on farm attributes, food versus non-food agricultural production, and existing data on local foods activity is provided within the larger context of agriculture as a whole in the region.
• Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., & Duval, D. F. (2018). Farm to school programs’ local foods activity in Southern Arizona: Local foods toolkit applications and lessons. Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 8(Supplement 3), 20. doi:https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2018.08C.001
• Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., & Duval, D. F. (2018). Mexican Fresh Tomatoes: Agribusiness Value Chain Contributions to the U.S. Economy. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
  More info

  This study provides an estimate of the economiccontribution of the forward supply chain linkagesto the U.S. economy supported by importsof Mexican fresh tomatoes, both those tomatoesdestined for consumption in the United States, aswell as those shipped by truck across the countryto Canada. Using these estimates of the directeffect of forward supply chain linkages on theeconomy, the study also estimates the indirecteffects and induced effects of this economicactivity to the U.S. economy, generally referred toas multiplier effects.
• Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., & Duval, D. F. (2018). Potential Economic Impact of Cold Inspection Facility Upgrade at Mariposa Port of Entry, Nogales, AZ. University of Arizona.
• Bickel, A. K., Zamora, F., & Colby, B. (2017). Cultural and Recreational Values for Environmental Flows in the Colorado River Delta. Water Economics and Policy.
• Duval, D. F., Kerna, A., & Frisvold, G. B. (2017). The Contribution of Small Grains Production to Arizona’s Economy. N/A.
• Frisvold, G. B., Duval, D. F., & Bickel, A. K. (2017). Arizona Leafy Greens: Economic Contributions of the Industry Cluster. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
  More info

  Leafy greens, a broad term used to describe vegetable crops with edible leaves, are an important crop group in Arizona. Arizona plays a key role in the country’s production of leafy greens, particularly lettuce varieties and spinach. Together, Arizona and California account for nearly 90% of all leafy greens produced (by weight) in the United States. In winter months, leafy greens are sourced almost exclusively from Arizona and California counties straddling the Colorado River. Considering the state’s role in national production, leafy greens are also an important part of Arizona’s agricultural economy. Since 2010, the state’s major leafy green commodities (lettuce, spinach, and cabbage) have accounted for approximately one-fifth of all agricultural sales (crops and livestock) in Arizona and have represented a large majority of vegetable and melon sales.Sales of leafy greens contribute to the state economy, providing incomes and jobs for people working on Arizona farms. These contributions to the state economy, however, are not limited to on-farm activities. They extend to an entire cluster of industries that are involved in essential post-harvest activities that ensure the quality and shelf life of leafy greens products. The leafy greens industry cluster, therefore, includes farms producing leafy greens as well as post-harvest industries such as refrigerated warehousing, transportation, and wholesale services. Using estimates for 2015 and the IMPLAN software, the total economic contribution (including indirect and induced multiplier effects) of the leafy greens industry cluster to the state economy was estimated. . Results reported include sales (output), value added (synonymous with Gross State Product [GSP]), incomes, and state and local tax revenues. With limited data, we also estimate employment supported by Arizona’s leafy greens industry cluster.
• Frisvold, G. B., Duval, D. F., & Bickel, A. K. (2017). Arizona's Agribusiness System: Contributions to the State Economy. University of Arizona Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics.
  More info

  The contribution of Arizona agriculture to the state economy extends beyond the commodities produced on farms and ranches across the state. On-farm production is just one part of an entire system of industries involved in and connected with agriculture in Arizona. Estimating the full contribution of agriculture to the state economy warrants an examination of the entire agribusiness system in Arizona. This study conducts an economic contribution analysis for the 2014 calendar year and estimates the direct, indirect, and induced effects of Arizona's agribusiness system to the state economy. Economic conributions are reported in terms of sales, value added (contribution to gross state product [GSP]), incomes, and number of full- and part-time jobs.
• Duval, D. F., Frisvold, G. B., Kerna, A., & Umeda, K. (2016). Contribution of the Golf Industry to the Arizona Economy in 2014. N/A.
• Kerna, A. (2016). Building A Vibrant and Resilient 21st Century Rural Economy. Western Rural Development Center, 4.
  More info

  http://wrdc.usu.edu/files/publications/publication/pub__5763729.pdf
• Kerna, A., Colby, B. G., & Zamora, F. (2016). Cultural and Recreational Values for Environmental Flows in Mexico's Colorado River Delta.. Water Economics and Policy.
  More info

  http://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/S2382624X16500351
• Kerna, A., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2016). Yuma Visitor Survey: Characteristics and Economic Impacts of Hotel Visitors. N/A.
• Kerna, A., Frisvold, G. B., Houtkooper, L. K., Misner, S. L., Farrell, V., & Jacobs, L. (2014). The Economic Contribution of the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education (SNAP-Ed) Spending to the State of Arizona. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 4.
  More info

  https://extension.arizona.edu/pubs/economic-contribution-university-arizona-cooperative-extension-supplemental-nutrition
• Kerna, A., Frisvold, G. B., Houtkooper, L. K., Misner, S. L., Jacobs, L., & Farrell, V. (2015). Application of Implan to Extension Programs: Economic Impacts of the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension SNAP-Ed Spending. Journal of Extension, 53(6).
  More info

  http://www.joe.org/joe/2015december/tt4.php/www.joe.org/joe/2015december/tt4.php

Proceedings Publications

• Duval, D. F., Kerna, A., & Frisvold, G. B. (2016, November 2016). Using Enterprise Software Data to Analyze the Economic Contributions and Impacts of University Programs With the IMPLAN Model. In Mid‐Continent Regional Science Association .

Presentations

• Bickel, A. K. (2018, October). Arizona's Dairy Industry: Dairy-Feed-Water Nexus. International Food Studies Conference.
• Duval, D. F., & Kerna, A. (2016, November). Using Enterprise Software Data to Analyze the Economic Contributions and Impacts of University Programs With the IMPLAN Model. Mid‐Continent Regional Science Association Annual Conference. Charlotte, NC.
• Kerna, A. (2016, April). Contribution of the Beef Industry to the Arizona Economy. LAND, LIVESTOCK, WILDLIFE AND RURAL ECONOMIES. Springerville, AZ.
• Kerna, A. (2016, November). Importance of the Beef Industry to the Arizona and New Mexico Economies. USFS Southwestern Regional Leadership Team Meeting. Albuquerque, NM.
• Kerna, A., & Duval, D. F. (2016, December). Considerations for Measuring Program Impacts. Rangelands Partnership- Renewable Resources Extension Act Meeting.
• Kerna, A., & Duval, D. F. (2016, December). Cooperative Extension Economic Analyses. Extension Administration Retreat.
  More info

  Presentation for EAT.
• Kerna, A. (2015, January). The Economics of Beef Production: Recent Changes and Longer-term Projections. Society for Range Mangement 2015 Winter Meeting. Tucson.
• Kerna, A. (2015, November). Agriculture in Arizona's Economy. Arizona Leafy Greens Education Day. Yuma.
• Kerna, A., & Frisvold, G. B. (2015, August). Long-Term Outcomes, Evaluations and How to Measure Impacts. UA Cooperative Extension Conference.
  More info

  Key-note speakers for Extension conference.

Poster Presentations

• Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., Duval, D. F., Frisvold, G. B., Bickel, A. K., & Duval, D. F. (2017, Spring). Contribution of the Golf Industry to the Arizona Economy in 2014. CALS Poster Forum.
• Frisvold, G. B., Duval, D. F., & Bickel, A. K. (2017, Spring). Economic Contribution and Interdependence of Arizona's Vegetable and Melon and Small Grains Industry Clusters. CALS Poster Forum.
• Kerna, A., Duval, D. F., & Frisvold, G. B. (2015, October). Economic Impacts Generated by UA School of Natural Resources and the Environment (SNRE) Federal Research & Extension Grants. CALS Poster Forum. Tucson.
• Kerna, A., Frisvold, G. B., Houtkooper, L. K., Misner, S. L., Farrell, V. A., & Jacobs, L. (2015, October). The Economic Contributions of the University of Arizona Cooperative Extension SNAP-Ed Program: An Application of IMPLAN. CALS Poster Forum. Tucson.

Others

• Kerna, A., & Duval, D. F. (2016, December). Summary of FY2014 Economic Impacts Genrated by University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Kerna, A., & Frisvold, G. B. (2014, October). Agriculture in Arizona's Economy: An Economic Contribution Analysis. http://cals.arizona.edu/arec/pubs/aginazeconomy.html
• Kerna, A., Frisvold, G. B., Tronstad, R. E., & Teegerstrom, T. (2014, May). The Contribution of the Beef Industry to the Arizona Economy. http://ag.arizona.edu/arec/pubs/beefindustryeconcontrib.html