Christopher Le

Interests

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Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Chapters

• Bailey, C. E., & Le, C. (2023). Allografts and materials in skull base reconstruction. In Skull Base Reconstruction 1st Ed(pp 119-147). Springer Nature.
• Le, C. (2019). Induction Therapy for Esthesioneuroblastoma. In Controversies in Skull Base Surgery(pp 214-220).
• Le, C. (2019). Transcranial vs Endoscopic Repair of Lateral Sphenoid Recess Encephaloceles. In Controversies in Skull Base Surgery(pp 274-281).

Journals/Publications

• Fleseriu, C. M., Beswick, D. M., Maoz, S. L., Hwang, P. H., Choby, G., Kuan, E. C., Chan, E. P., Adappa, N. D., Geltzeiler, M., Getz, A. E., Humphries, I. M., Le, C., Abuzeid, W. M., Chang, E. H., Jafari, A., Kingdom, T. T., Kohanski, M. A., Lee, J. K., Nabavizadeh, S. A., , Nayak, J. V., et al. (2023). Predictive factors for decreased baseline quality of life in patients with sinonasal malignancies.. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. doi:10.1002/alr.23261
• Moaz, S. L., Wang, E. W., Hwang, P. H., Choby, G., Kuan, E. C., Fleseriu, C. M., Chan, E. P., Adappa, N. D., Geltzeiler, M., Getz, A. E., Humphreys, I. M., Le, C., Abuzeid, W. M., Chang, E. H., Jafari, A., Kingdom, T. T., Kohanski, M. A., Lee, J. K., Lazor, J. W., , Nabavizadeh, A., et al. (2023). Long-term quality of life after treatment in sinonasal malignancy: a prospective, multi-center study.. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. doi:10.1002/alr.23171
• Pandrangi, V. C., Mace, J. C., Abiri, A., Adappa, N. D., Beswick, D. M., Chang, E. H., Eide, J. G., Fung, N., Hong, M., Johnson, B. J., Kohanski, M. A., Kshirsagar, R. S., Kuan, E. C., Le, C., Lee, J. T., Nabavizadeh, S. A., Obermeyer, I. P., Palmer, J. N., Pinheiro-Neto, C. D., , Smith, T. L., et al. (2023). Recurrence patterns among patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a multi-institutional study.. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. doi:10.1002/alr.23204
• Lawson-Michod, K. A., Le, C. H., Tranesh, G., Thomas, P. C., & Bauman, J. E. (2022). Precision medicine: Sustained response to erdafitinib in FGFR2-mutant, multiply recurrent ameloblastoma. Cancer reports (Hoboken, N.J.), 5(10), e1656.
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  Ameloblastoma imposes significant morbidity and high-recurrence rates following surgery and radiation therapy. Although 89% of cases harbor oncogenic mutations, the role of targeted therapy is undefined.
• Lee, V. S., Patel, P., O'Brien, D., Scangas, G. A., Campbell, R. G., Chandra, R., Davis, G. E., Han, J. K., Le, C. H., Lee, J., Luong, A. U., Poetker, D. M., Ramadan, H., Setzen, M., Smith, K., Wise, S., Villwock, J., & Ference, E. (2022). Indications for absorbable steroid-eluting sinus implants: Viewpoint via the Delphi method. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 12(10), 1225-1231.
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  Absorbable steroid-eluting sinus implants provide targeted corticosteroid release over a sustained period and are designed to prevent both undesirable adhesion formation and sinus ostia restenosis. Here, we highlight the key evidence of these implants to date and query a group of experts via a Delphi process on the indications and optimal timing for intraoperative or in-office placement of these implants. Six of a total of 12 statements reached consensus and were accepted. Overall, experts largely agree that intraoperative or in-office use of steroid-eluting stents could be considered for patients: (1) who are diabetic or intolerant of oral steroids, (2) undergoing extended frontal sinus surgery, and (3) with recurrent stenosis. Given the lack of expert consensus on other key statements, clinicians should carefully consider these treatment options on a case-by-case basis after shared decision-making.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Youssefi, B., Bardwell, J., Bouzigard, R., Le, C. H., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2021). A Comparative Analysis of Mucormycosis in Immunosuppressed Hosts Including Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in the Southwest United States. The American journal of medicine, 134(9), 1155-1159.
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  Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) is an invasive fungal infection that carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and other immunocompromising conditions are risk factors for mucormycosis development. We here describe the differences in characteristics and outcomes of mucormycosis among solid organ transplant, hematological malignancy, and diabetes mellitus groups at our institution.
• Bailey, C. E., Grauer, J. S., Chen, P. G., Rangarajan, S. V., Chan, Y., Tewfik, M. A., Marino, M. J., Torabi, M., Le, C. H., & Chang, E. H. (2021). Development of a self-directed sinonasal surgical anatomy video curriculum: Phase 1 validation. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 11(11), 1570-1576.
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  Sinusitis is a common outpatient diagnosis made by physicians and is a reason for referral to otolaryngologists. A foundation in basic sinonasal anatomy is critical in understanding sinus pathophysiology and avoiding complications. Our objective in this study was to develop and to validate a self-directed surgical anatomy video for medical students.
• Beswick, D. M., Hwang, P. H., Adappa, N. D., Le, C. H., Humphreys DO, I. M., Getz, A. E., Suh, J. D., Aasen, D. M., Abuzeid, W. M., Chang, E. H., Kaizer, A. M., Kindgom, T. T., Kohanski, M. A., Nabavizadeh, S. A., Nayak, J. V., Palmer, J. N., Patel, Z. M., Ramakrishnan, V. R., Snyderman, C. H., , St John, M. A., et al. (2021). Surgical approach is associated with complication rate in sinonasal malignancy: A multicenter study. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 11(12), 1617-1625.
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  Management of sinonasal malignancy (SNM) often includes surgical resection as part of the multimodality treatment. Treatment-related surgical morbidity can occur, yet risk factors associated with complications in this population have not been sufficiently investigated.
• Nisson, P. L., Martirosyan, N., Lemole, G. M., Le, C., Gonzales-portillo, G. S., & Gaub, M. (2021). Combined Transcranial and Endoscopic Endonasal Approach for Resection of a Complex Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Two-Dimensional Operative Video. Journal of Neurological Surgery Part B: Skull Base. doi:10.1055/s-0041-1736629
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  AbstractSinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare head-and-neck neoplasm that has a propensity to locally invade vital structures. Currently, the combination of surgical resection and radiation remains the optimal treatment.1 However, the extent of disease burden and involvement of surrounding anatomy may make these inoperable. Here, we demonstrate the successful application of multidisciplinary approach for surgical resection of a large, complex SCC lesion centered at the superior nasal cavity with extension into the eye orbits and brain. A two-step approach was performed; transcribiform, endoscopic piecemeal resection with reconstruction of the skull base, followed by a bifrontal craniotomy. Reconstruction was achieved using an inlay of DuraMatrix allograft (Stryker Inc., Kalamzoo, Michigan, United States) followed by an inlay of AlloDerm (Allergan Inc., Irvine, California, United States), anchored anteriorly and posteriorly with wide wings placed over the respective orbital roofs. Major steps include (1) a summary of the patient presentation and preoperative imaging, (2) resection of the tumor endonasally, (3) resection of the tumor intracranially from a bifrontal craniotomy, and (4) a review of the postoperative imaging. The patient tolerated the procedure (Fig. 1) well, returned to his baseline with no new neurologic deficits, and was placed on 6-week antibiotics regimen for osteomyelitis discovered during the operation. Approximately, 2 months after discharge, the patient unfortunately returned with altered mental status, was found to have sepsis, and expired shortly thereafter. This operative video illustrates the technical steps and capabilities of surgical treatment, achieving near-complete gross total resection of a complex SCC lesion using a multidisciplinary approach.The link to the video can be found at: https://youtu.be/8ffckKIuBzM.
• Zack, D. E., Stern, D. A., Willis, A. L., Kim, A. S., Mansfield, C. J., Reed, D. R., Brooks, S. G., Adappa, N. D., Palmer, J. N., Cohen, N. A., Chiu, A. G., Song, B. H., Le, C. H., & Chang, E. H. (2021). The GSDMB rs7216389 SNP is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis in a multi-institutional cohort. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 11(12), 1647-1653.
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  Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a multifactorial disease with a high co-occurrence with asthma. In this multicohort study, we tested whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with childhood asthma and rhinovirus (RV)-associated disease are related to an increased susceptibility to adult CRS in a multicohort retrospective case-control study.
• Le, C., Willis, A. L., Calton, J. B., Calton, J., Lee, R., Torabzadeh, E., Billheimer, D. D., Martinez, F. D., Chang, E. F., & Kim, A. (2020). RV-C infections result in greater clinical symptoms and epithelial responses compared to RV-A infections in patients with CRS. Allergy. doi:10/1111/all.14435
• Kim, A. S., Willis, A. L., Laubitz, D., Sharma, S., Song, B. H., Chiu, A. G., Le, C. H., & Chang, E. H. (2019). The effect of maxillary sinus antrostomy size on the sinus microbiome. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 9(1), 30-38.
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  The optimal maxillary antrostomy size to surgically treat sinusitis is not well known. In this study, we examined clinical metrics of disease severity and symptom scores, measured secreted inflammatory markers, and characterized the sinus microbiome to determine if there were significant differences in outcome between different maxillary ostial sizes.
• Le, C. (2019). The Effect of Maxillary Sinus Antrostomy Size on the Sinus Microbiome. Int Forum Allergy Rhino, 30-38.
• Telemi, E., Martirosyan, N. L., J Avila, M., Lukefahr, A. L., Le, C., & Lemole, G. M. (2019). Suprasellar pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma: A case report. Surgical neurology international, 10, 72.
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  Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare form of astrocytic neoplasm most commonly found in children and young adults. This neoplasm, which is classified as a Grade II tumor by the World Health Organization classification of tumors of the central nervous system, carries a relatively favorable outcome. It is usually found supratentorially in cortical regions of the cerebral hemispheres, and as such, presenting symptoms are similar to other supratentorial cortical neoplasms; with seizures being a common initial symptom. Due to the rarity of this type of neoplasm, PXA arising elsewhere in the brain is often not included in the initial differential diagnosis.
• Chang, E. H., Le, C. H., Chiu, A. G., Laubitz, D., Kim, A. S., Willis, A. L., Sharma, S., & Song, B. H. (2018). The effect of maxillary sinus antrostomy size on the sinus microbiome: Antrostomy size on the sinus microbiome. International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology, 9(1), 30-38. doi:10.1002/alr.22224
• Le, C. (2018). A Prospective Randomized Single-Blinded Trial for Improving Outcomes in Rhinology by the use of Personalized Video Recordings. Int Forum Allergy Rhino, 1406-1411.
• Barry, J. Y., Le, C., Kahn, R., Jacob, A., & Chiu, A. G. (2017). Multifocal inverting papilloma of sinonasal cavity and temporal bone. Otolaryngology Case Reports, 2, 33-36. doi:doi: 10.1016/j.xocr.2017.01.004
• Chang, E., Willis, A. L., McCrary, H. C., Noutsios, G. T., Le, C., Chiu, A. G., Mansfield, C. J., Reed, D. R., Brooks, S. G., Adappa, N. D., Palmer, J. N., Cohen, N. G., Stern, D. A., Guerra, S., & Martinez, F. D. (2017). Association between the CDHR3 rs6967330 risk allele and chronic rhinosinusitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 139(6), 1990-1992.
• Chiu, A. G., Willis, A. L., Le, C. H., Koripella, P. C., Chang, E. H., & Calton, J. B. (2017). Paranasal sinus size is decreased in CFTR heterozygotes with chronic rhinosinusitis.. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 7(3), 256-260. doi:10.1002/alr.21874
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  Cystic fibrosis (CF) heterozygotes with a single mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene are at significantly higher risk to develop chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However the reasons why remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that CFTR heterozygotes would have smaller sinus volumes than healthy controls. To exclude sinus disease as a confounding factor we also assessed paranasal sinus volume in those with CRS, but without known CFTR mutations..A total of 131 adults of white Northern European and Latino origin were recruited: 81 diagnosed with CRS and 50 healthy controls. Subjects were genotyped for 9 common CFTR mutations covering >80% of mutation prevalence. Those with CRS were separated by CFTR mutational status and matched demographically to healthy controls. Three-dimensional sinus volume, mucosal opacification, and skull volume were quantified to obtain the percentage of pneumatization and extent of mucosal disease in each sinus. Twenty-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20) and endoscopy scores were also analyzed..In individuals diagnosed with CRS we identified 7 CFTR heterozygotes (8.64%); no CFTR mutations were identified in our healthy controls. There were no significant differences between the 3 matched groups other than sinus pneumatization. The frontal and maxillary sinuses were significantly smaller in CFTR heterozygotes with CRS compared to CFTR wild-type subjects with or without disease..CFTR heterozygotes with CRS have significantly smaller frontal and maxillary sinus size compared to those without mutations, irrespective of disease state. This sinus hypoplasia may contribute to impaired mucus clearance and chronic sinus disease development.
• Kashat, L., Le, C., & Chiu, A. G. (2017). The Role of Targeted Therapy in the Management of Sinonasal Malignancies. Otolaryngol Clin North AM, 50(20), 443-445.
• Palejwala, S. K., Sharma, S., Le, C., Chang, E., & Lemole, G. M. (2017). Complications of Advanced Kadish Stage Esthesioneuroblastoma: Single Institution Experience and Literature Review. Cureus, 9(5), 1245.
• Palejwala, S. K., Sharma, S., Le, C., Chang, E., Erman, A. B., & Lemole, G. M. (2017). Complex skull base reconstruction in Kadish D esthesioneuroblastoma: case report.. J Neurol Surg Rep, 78(2), 86-92.
• Ahmad, S., Le, C. H., Chiu, A. G., & Chang, E. H. (2016). Incidence of intracranial radiation necrosis following postoperative radiation therapy for sinonasal malignancies. The Laryngoscope, 126(11), 2445-2450.
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  Surgery and postoperative radiation therapy are commonly used in the treatment of advanced sinonasal cancer. However, post-treatment radiation changes to the brain often mimic radiologic findings suggestive of tumor recurrence, leading to potential unnecessary intracranial biopsies. The objective of this study was to determine clinical factors that predict signs of tumor recurrence versus radiation necrosis in post-therapy sinonasal malignancies with intracranial extension.
• Barry, J. Y., Le, C. H., Baumann, J., Skinker, L., Chiu, A. G., & Chang, E. H. (2016). Endoscopic resection of maxillary sinus keratocystic odontogenic tumors. The Laryngoscope, 126(10), 2216-9.
• Barry, J. Y., McCrary, H. C., Kent, S., Saleh, A. A., Chang, E. H., & Chiu, A. G. (2016). The Triple Aim and its implications on the management of chronic rhinosinusitis. American journal of rhinology & allergy, 30(5), 344-50.
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  Accountable care organizations (ACO) and alternative payment models are a sign of the change in reimbursement from fee-for-service to value-based reimbursement. The focus of health care under ACOs is represented by the Triple Aim: to improve the experience of health care, improve the health of populations, and reduce the per capita costs. Individuals with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are heavy consumers of health care services. Results of recent studies have indicated that there is the potential for improved outcomes and cost savings from early surgical intervention. Adhering to the principles of the Triple Aim may signal a paradigm shift in regard to timing of intervention for CRS in certain patients.
• Calton, J. B., Koripella, P. C., Willis, A. L., Le, C. H., Chiu, A. G., & Chang, E. H. (2016). Paranasal sinus size is decreased in CFTR heterozygotes with chronic rhinosinusitis. International forum of allergy & rhinology.
  More info

  Cystic fibrosis (CF) heterozygotes with a single mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene are at significantly higher risk to develop chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However the reasons why remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that CFTR heterozygotes would have smaller sinus volumes than healthy controls. To exclude sinus disease as a confounding factor we also assessed paranasal sinus volume in those with CRS, but without known CFTR mutations.
• Chang, E. H., Willis, A. L., McCrary, H. C., Noutsios, G. T., Le, C. H., Chiu, A. G., Mansfield, C. J., Reed, D. R., Brooks, S. G., Adappa, N. D., Palmer, J. N., Cohen, N. G., Stern, D. A., Guerra, S., & Martinez, F. D. (2016). Association between the CDHR3 rs6967330 risk allele and chronic rhinosinusitis. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology.
• Chen, S., Le, C. H., & Liang, J. (2016). Practice patterns in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: survey of the American Rhinologic Society. International forum of allergy & rhinology, 6(9), 990-7.
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  The introduction of advanced endoscopic techniques has facilitated significant growth in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EnDCR). The purpose of this study is to evaluate clinical practice patterns of otolaryngologists performing EnDCR.
• Le, C., McCrary, H. C., & Chang, E. (2016). Cystic Fibrosis Sinusitis. Advances in oto-rhino-laryngology, 79, 29-37.
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  Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene(CFTR) resulting in impaired ion transport. Nearly all people with CF will develop chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS) and present with the characteristic viscous mucus, impaired mucociliary clearance and chronic inflammation/infection of the sinonasal cavity. While some individuals with CF can appear relatively asymptomatic in terms of their sinus disease, commonly reported symptoms include anosmia, headache, facial pain, nasal obstruction, chronic congestion and nasal discharge. Nasal endoscopy typically reveals mucosal edema, purulent discharge and nasal polyposis. Computed tomography (CT) imaging classically demonstrates the distinguishing findings of sinus hypoplasia or aplasia with generalized opacification, medial bulging of the lateral sinonasal sidewall and a demineralized uncinate process. Current treatment for CF sinusitis includes the use of hypertonic saline, topical and systemic steroids, antibiotics and endoscopic surgery. Research investigating novel therapies designed at targeting the primary defect of CF is showing promise for reversal of CF sinus disease, in addition to potential for disease prevention.
• Le, C., Strong, E. B., & Luu, Q. (2016). Management of Anterior Skull Base Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks. Journal of neurological surgery. Part B, Skull base, 77(5), 404-11.
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  Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs from traumatic, iatrogenic, and idiopathic etiologies. Its timely diagnosis requires clinical, radiographic, and laboratory testing. Medical and surgical management can mitigate the risk of life-threatening infection and morbidity. This article outlines the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management or CSF leak of the anterior skull base.
• Le, C., McCrary, H. C., & Chang, E. (2014). Reconstruction of Oral Cavity Defects. JSM Dentistry, 2(3), 1033.
• Le, C. H., Truong, A. Q., & Diaz, R. C. (2013). Novel techniques for the diagnosis of Ménière's disease. Current opinion in otolaryngology & head and neck surgery, 21(5), 492-6.
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  This review will consider the newly developed and emerging diagnostic techniques with real or potential clinical application to the diagnosis of Ménière's disease.
• Stewart, C., Le, C., & Stewart, T. (2010). Fluoroscopic localization of a retained intranasal ballistic foreign body in an unexpected location. Ear, nose, & throat journal, 89(12), 591-3.
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  Otolaryngologists are frequently asked to evaluate impacted nasal foreign bodies in children. Multiple techniques have been used for the removal of these objects. We describe what we believe is a previously unreported mechanism of nasal foreign-body impaction and the novel method we used to remove it. We also review the literature on retained ballistic nasal foreign bodies, including their management and complications.

Presentations

• Fleseriu, C. M., Beswick, D., Hwang, P., Choby, G., Kuan, E., Adappa, N., Geltzeiler, M., Getz, A., Humphreys, I., Le, C., & Wang, E. (2023, May). Decreased baseline quality of life outcomes in patients with sinonasal malignancies. ARS at Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. Boston, MA.
• Grim, D., Beswick, D., Wang, E., Adappa, N., Choby, G., Geltzeiler, M., Getz, A., Humphreys, I., Kuan, E., Le, C., & Hwang, P. (2023, September). SNOT-22 subdomain outcomes in sinonasal malignancy: a prospective multi-center study. 69th ARS at AAO Head and Neck Surgery Foundation Academy Meeting. Nashville, TN.
• Kshirsagar, R., Eide, J., Abiri, A., Hong, M., Le, C., Choby, G., Kuan, E., Palmer, J., & Adappa, N. (2023, May). Outcomes of immunotherapy treatment in sinonasal melanoma: A CORSICA multi-institutional study. ARS at Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. Boston, MA.
• Le, C. (2023). Rhinology Expert Panel: In-Office FESS, Intra-op Hemostasis, COVID Anosmia and Smell Retraining. Arizona Society of Otolaryngology Annual Meeting.
• Le, C. (2023, February). Case base discussion of approaches to patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. ENT in the Desert Conference. Tucson, AZ.
• Le, C. (2023, February). Frontal sinus surgery panel. ENT in the Desert Conference. Tucson, AZ.
• Le, C. (2023, February). Sinus surgery complications panel. ENT in the Desert Conference. Tucson, AZ.
• Le, C. (2023, January). Rhinology expert panel: In-office FESS, intra-op hemostasis, COVID anosmia and smell retraining. Arizona Society of Otolaryngology Annual Meeting. Phoenix, AZ.
• Le, C. (2023, September). ReFLEXIONs: Rhinorrhea panel. AAO Head and Neck Surgery Foundation Academy Meeting. Nashville, TN.
• Maoz, S., Wang, E., Hwang, P., Choby, G., Kuan, E., Adappa, N., Geltzeiler, M., Getz, A., Humphreys, I., Le, C., & Beswick, D. (2023, May). Long-term disease-specific and generalized quality of life after treatment of sinonasal malignancy: a prospective, multi-center study. ARS at Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. Boston, MA.
• Pandrangi, V., Mace, J., Eide, J., Fung, N., Hong, M., Johnson, B., Kshirasagar, R., Kuan, E., Le, C., Palmer, J., & Geltzeiler, M. (2023, May). Recurrence patterns among patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma: a multi-institutional study. ARS at Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. Boston, MA.
• Bailey, C. E., Le, C., & Chang, E. (2022). Teaching Sinus Anatomy: Efficacy of Self-Directed Online Sinonasal Anatomy Learning Modules. 68th ARS at AAO-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation Academy Meeting.
• Le, C. (2022). COVID Panel: Anosmia, Long Haul COVID, Timing of COVID tracheostomy, Upper airway stenosis, Omicron Variant, and More. ENT in Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2022). Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Surgery. Department of Otolaryngology Subspecialty Grand Rounds, University of California, San Diego.
• Le, C. (2022). Extended Approaches to the Maxillary Sinus. Department of Otolaryngology Ground Rounds, Kaiser Oakland.
• Le, C. (2022). Multidisciplinary Type 2 Airway Management: Panel Discussion. . ENT in Desert Conference.
• Le, C., & Le, C. (2022). Sinus Surgery vs Biologics and Why: Panel Discussion. ENT in Desert Conference.
• Chang, E., Bailey, C. E., & Le, C. (2021). Phase 2 Validation of a Self-directed Sinonasal Video Curriculum. AAO-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation Academy Meeting.
• Le, C. (2021). Management of Acute Invasive Fungal Sinusitis. Department of Otolaryngology Ground Rounds, Kaiser Oakland.
• Le, C. (2020). Challenging Rhinology Cases: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2020). Comprehensive Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2020). From upper airway to lower airway – Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcomes of Allergic Rhinitis, Sinusitis, and Severe Asthma: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2020). Management of Severe Epistaxis. 18th Annual Western Residents Advanced Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Course. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Healthcare.
• Le, C. (2020). Managing Rhinology Surgical Complications: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2020). Physician Wellness – Achieving Balance: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2020). UC Davis ENT Emergencies Bootcamp Question and Answer Session. University of California, Davis ENT Emergencies Boot Camp Course. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of California, Davis.
• Le, C. (2019). A Contemporary Approach to Frontal Sinus Fracture: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2019). Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Surgery. Thammasat University Resident Advanced Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Course. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery. Thammasat University Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
• Le, C. (2019). Frontal Sinus Surgery. 17th Annual Western Residents Advanced Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Course. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Healthcare.
• Le, C. (2019). Management of Frontal Sinus Disease. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2019). Management of Severe Epistaxis. University of California, Davis ENT Emergencies Boot Camp Course.
• Le, C. (2019). Multidisciplinary Approach to Managing Orbital Infections due to Sinusitis. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Grand Rounds.
• Le, C. (2019). Rhinology Complications Cases: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2018). Challenging Sinonasal Inflammatory and Skull Base Cases: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2018). Comprehensive Approach to Frontal Sinus Surgery. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2018). Craniomaxillofacial Resident Trauma Course. . Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arizona.
• Le, C. (2018). Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Surgery. Neuroscience Grand Rounds..
• Le, C. (2018). Endoscopic Anterior Skull Base Surgery. Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery Grand Rounds.
• Le, C. (2018). Frontal Sinus Surgery. 16th Annual Western Residents Advanced Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Course. Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University Healthcare.
• Le, C. (2018). Integration of New Technology in Patient Care: Panel Discussion. ENT in the Desert Conference.
• Le, C. (2018). Management of Severe Epistaxis. University of California, Davis ENT Emergencies Boot Camp Course.
• Le, C. (2018). Perioperative Management of Chronic Rhinosinusitis. ENT in the Desert Conference.

Poster Presentations

• Ahmadian, D., Samargandy, S., Narendran, N., Le, C., Avery, M., & Chang, E. (2023, September). Comparing physical and virtual "digital twin" models of endoscopic skull base disorders for preoperative planning. 69th ARS at AAO Head and Neck Surgery Foundation Academy Meeting. Nashville, TN.
• Samargandy, S., Avery, M., Le, C., & Chang, E. (2023, February). A hierarchal task analysis and evaluation tools for endoscopic resection of pituitary adenomas. North American Skull Base Society 32nd Annual Meeting. Tampa Bay, FL.
• Samargandy, S., Fritz, C., Bhalla, V., Lee, J. M., & Le, C. (2023, May). CSF leak secondary to COVID-19 testing: a case series and systematic review of the literature. ARS at Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting. Boston, MA.
• Bailey, C. E., Le, C., & Chang, E. (2021). Development of a Multi-Media Educational Model of Sinonasal Anatomy: Face and Content Validity. Combined Otolaryngology Spring Meeting Virtual Conference.