Carolanne Christine Wartman

Interests

Research

Substance use disorders, Impact of Stigma on Health Disparities, Harm reduction, Care for underserved populations, Sexual and gender minorities, Adverse drug reactions, Mental health outcomes, Scholarship of teaching and learning

Teaching

Psychiatric Pharmacy, Social Determinants of Health, Gender Health,

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Chapters

• Wartman, C. C. (2025).

  Substance Use Disorder

  . In 2026-2027 Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy Review Book(pp 729-804). https://aapp.org/ed/course/2026-recert/review-book: American Association of Psychiatric Pharmacists.
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  The Psychiatric Pharmacotherapy Review Book is designed for use by individuals preparing to sit for the Board Certified Psychiatric Pharmacist (BCPP) examination. AAPP surveys show that at least 90% of successful BCPP candidates purchase the Review Book as their primary study tool. One hundred percent of survey respondents indicate that the Review Book was their primary study resource and a key tool to their certification success.The Book Contains:Comprehensive outlines, written as individual chapters, of the most common psychiatric and neurologic conditions tested for in the BCPP exam.Consistently formatted chapters that include objectives, thorough content, comprehensive reference listings, and self-assessment questions with answer justifications.An e-book version of the book hosted VitalSource Bookshelf, a leading e-textbook solution. This e-book version allows you to take electronic notes as well as download the book to your desktop or mobile device for off line access. The pricing above reflects the cost for the digital version of the book. There is an additional fee for shipping a hard copy of the book and this option can be selected upon check-out.
• Wartman, C. C., Montgomery, N., & Ross, L. A. (2025).

  Headache

  . In Pharmacotherapy Principles & Practice, 7th Edition. McGraw Hill.
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  An indispensable guide to the essential principles of pharmacotherapy and their application in real-world clinical practiceTo deliver the best possible patient-centered care, healthcare professionals must understand how to maximize the effectiveness of medications, minimize adverse reactions, and promote favorable health outcomes. Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice, Seventh Edition provides a strong foundation of evidence-based strategies to educate learners on the process of developing, executing, monitoring, and assessing medication therapy.This comprehensive guide will help you develop a sound understanding of the fundamental principles behind pharmacotherapy for various diseases.This seventh edition reflects the latest findings in the field and includes a new chapter on health equity. The new chapter is followed by five chapters focused on special populations: pediatrics, geriatrics, palliative care, critical care, and global health and travel medicine. An additional 97 predominately disease-based chapters review epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis, nonpharmacologic therapy, and pharmacologic therapy, with emphasis on clear recommendations for medication selection, desired outcomes, dosing, and patient monitoring.
• Wartman, C. C., Albertson, S., Butterfield, D., & McHugh, T. B. (2024). The Pedigo Health Center: Psychiatric medication management protocol for unhoused patients. In American College of Clinical Pharmacy Ambulatory Care Pharmacist's Survival Guide(pp 237-240). American College of Clinical Pharmacy.

Journals/Publications

• Babl, R. M., Cole, K. D., Parish, R. L., Wartman, C. C., Howington, D. K., MacSorley, R., & Adcock, K. A. (2025).

  Promoting values and ethics in collaborative healthcare training: A student-led interprofessional education initiative addressing opioid use disorder

  . Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 8, 732-740. doi:doi.org/10.1002/jac5.70072
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  AbstractIntroductionPrevious institutional interprofessional education (IPE) efforts at the University of Mississippi Medical Center were primarily focused on only three of the four Interprofessional Education Collaborative (IPEC) core competencies: Roles and Responsibilities, Teams and Teamwork, and Communication. Recognizing the need to also address Values and Ethics, the IPE faculty team responsible for designing interprofessional student experiential learning created and implemented a new IPE event. In addition, the suggestion for more student-led interactions with reduced faculty facilitation was considered when developing the new event.MethodsA third IPE event was integrated into an existing patient case series involving students from medicine (2nd year), nursing (4th year Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)program), occupational therapy (2nd year), pharmacy (3rd year), and physical therapy (2nd year) programs. This event focused on a patient who had previously been treated for acute pain (first event), then chronic pain (second event), and now presents with an opioid use disorder (OUD) as a progression. The scenario was designed to facilitate meaningful discussions on values and ethics. The new event included four phases: (i) naloxone administration training, (ii) identification of OUD red flags through a patient case study, (iii) Journey to Recovery board game, and (iv) a group debriefing session. The naloxone training and board game instruction were facilitated by the pharmacy student team members to improve student team interactions and learning experiences.ResultsOverall, 95.4% of student respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the event met IPE Values and Ethics sub-competencies. Additionally, 413 of the 414 (99.8%) total student attendees received naloxone administration training and earned digital credentials. Post-event surveys, including open-ended responses, provided valuable insights into student perceptions.ConclusionsThe event effectively achieved its educational objectives, with students particularly valuing the naloxone training and the Journey to Recovery board game. However, student feedback identified areas for improvement. Future iterations will incorporate these suggestions to enhance learning outcomes and interprofessional collaboration.
• Gravlee, E., Wartman, C. C., & Rosenthal, M. (2025).

  Over-the-counter naloxone availability: Insights from rural community pharmacists in the Southern US

  . Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 65. doi:10.1016/j.japh.2025.102357
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  AbstractBackground: Previous work has found that naloxone availability without a prescription in the Southern United States is highly varied, with 37% of Mississippi pharmacies and 53% of North Carolina pharmacies having naloxone available without a prescription in 2022 and 2024, respectively. The United States Food and Drug Administration approved Narcan nasal spray for over-the-counter (OTC) availability in 2023. However, limited information exists on the uptake of OTC naloxone across the United States, especially in rural spaces across the Southern United States.Objectives: This study aimed to describe the availability and cost of OTC naloxone at rural community pharmacies across the Southern U.S. Secondary outcomes included pharmacists' perceived barriers to OTC naloxone for both pharmacists and patients.Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional survey study design of community pharmacists enrolled in the Rural Research Alliance of Community Pharmacies practice-based research network. Data were descriptively analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics.Results: There were N = 47 responses to the survey, yielding a response rate of 34.8%. Of the responding community pharmacists, 40% indicated that their pharmacy carried OTC naloxone at the time of the survey (n = 18/47, 38.3%). Among these pharmacies, the median cost of OTC naloxone was $50.00 (interquartile range $46.25-$64.25, range $43.00-$123.20).Conclusion: Despite OTC Narcan nasal spray being available in pharmacies as of September 2023, availability of this life-saving medication remains less than ideal in rural and Southern pharmacies. These findings emphasize the need for further educational and policy interventions to improve naloxone availability.
• Haines, S. T., Parker, J. D., Wartman, C. C., Cooper, R. N., Knox, B., & Adcock, K. G. (2025).

  Unraveling stigma toward persons with substance use disorder: instructional design, implementation, and outcomes of an interprofessional workshop 

  . Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy, 8, 1243-1251. doi:doi.org/10.1002/jac5.70142
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  BackgroundOne of the most potent barriers to treatment for substance use disorder (SUD) is stigma. Stigmatizing beliefs and attitudes by health care practitioners can negatively impact diagnosis, referral, and treatment. We implemented an interprofessional workshop using best practice principles of instructional design intended to reduce stigmatizing beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors among health professionals.MethodsStigma Unraveled/Addiction Unmasked was a 5.5-h interprofessional workshop conducted six times between May 2024 and January 2025. The workshops included instruction about the sources and consequences of stigma, personal reflection, participant-to-participant interaction, case studies, and direct contact with individuals with lived experience. Participants were asked to complete a 91-item pre-workshop (before) and 54-item post-workshop (3 months after) questionnaire containing items from the Shatterproof Addiction Stigma Index measuring desire for social distance, attitudes, and beliefs toward persons with a SUD (stimulants, alcohol, or opioids). The questionnaire also included items related to knowledge and public policy.ResultsA total of 214 individuals from 8 health professions participated in the workshops with 66 participants completing both the pre and post-workshop questionnaires (matched cohort). Comparing the pre and post-workshop responses from the matched cohort, there were significant reductions in the desire for social distance (27.0 ± 5.7 to 23.2 ± 6.5; p 
• Vasko, J. M., Orey, E. S., Wartman, C., Rowlett, J. K., Parker, J. D., Platt, D. M., & Schumacher, J. A. (2025).

  Leveraging pharmacy partnerships and Grant funding to improve access to medications for opioid use disorder

  . Exploratory Research in Clinical and Social Pharmacy, 20(Issue). doi:10.1016/j.rcsop.2025.100653
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  Background: Increased availability and access to FDA-approved medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) can improve efforts to address the ongoing opioid public health crisis. Pharmacist collaboration is essential yet often inconsistent in MOUD access. This unpredictability creates a treatment bottleneck, especially in rural areas. Objective: To investigate the reasons for independent pharmacies' reluctance to collaborate with the Mississippi Horizons Project, a program designed to improve patient access to MOUD. Methods: A Horizons team member contacted pharmacies using a script to inquire about accepting payment for a patient's MOUD prescription. Pharmacist responses about collaboration (i.e., collaborated or denied collaboration) after initial contact and follow-up were summarized. A single coder inductively derived categories within which responses about collaboration were totaled. Results: After initial contact and follow-up, only slightly more than half of pharmacies contacted (53.5 %) collaborated with the Horizons project to accept payment for and dispense MOUD. Categories for non-collaboration included regulatory misperceptions, unfamiliarity with patients and providers, and payment and logistical barriers. Successful efforts for collaboration after initial contact included utilizing existing relationships with pharmacies and providing additional information about the Horizons project. Conclusion: Integrating educational interventions with structural and policy measures, while fostering collaborative partnerships with pharmacies and other key stakeholders, can help increase familiarity, reduce stigma, address operational challenges, and enhance cooperation to increase pharmacy collaboration and MOUD access to patients in rural areas and nationwide.
• Montgomery, N., Wartman, C., Pate, A., Barber, K., & Jenkins, A. (2024). Evaluating Perceptions of Test Anxiety Among Student Pharmacists and Faculty Members: A Pilot Study. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 88(8). doi:10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100737
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  Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine student perceptions versus actual level of test anxiety, as measured by the Cognitive Test Anxiety Scale-2 (CTAS-2), and student and faculty perceptions of test anxiety with regard to prevalence, impact, ease of treatment, and importance in pharmacy education. Methods: Two independent Qualtrics questionnaires were distributed via email to all students and faculty in the professional pharmacy program (years 1–4) at the University of Mississippi. The first questionnaire evaluated pharmacy students’ perceptions of test anxiety and self-awareness of personal test anxiety. The second questionnaire evaluated faculty members’ perceptions of student test anxiety. The questionnaires had 50 and 21 questions, respectively, and were developed from validated, reliable questionnaires used in Cognitive Test Anxiety (CTA) research. Results: Questionnaires were completed by 123 students and 19 faculty. Overall, 46 % of students had a self-perception of “high test anxiety”, with 28 % having a CTAS-2 score that correlated to severe test anxiety. A majority of faculty respondents (84 %) believed severe test anxiety affects 30 % or less of pharmacy students and may be associated with poor academic performance. Conclusion: Student pharmacists’ self-perception of test anxiety and perception of difficulty mitigating test anxiety may be overestimated. Overall, faculty accurately estimated the degree of test anxiety, felt confident in being able to help students, and believed it should receive attention from both faculty and the university.
• Wartman, C. C., Vick, M., & Thomas, B. (2024). Recurrent Clozapine-Associated Pneumonia: Case Report. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology. doi:10.1097/JCP.0000000000001942

Presentations

• Erstad, B. L., Barletta, J., & Wartman, C. C. (2024, December). Oh, Oh, Oh, Obesity: Implications for the Pharmacist. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. New Orleans, LA.
• Wartman, C. C. (2024, August). Stigma and Shame: Barriers to Treatment for Addiction and Substance Use Disorder. Mississippi Association of Recovering Pharmacists Annual Meeting. Columbus, MS.

Poster Presentations

• Haberer, E., Snodgrass, M., Katz, M., & Wartman, C. C. (2024, December). Medication-Use Evaluation of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics in a Rural Hospital. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.
• Thomas, B., Vick, M., & Wartman, C. C. (2024, December). Recurrent Clozapine-Induced Pneumonia: Case Report. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Annual Meeting. New Orleans, LA.