Douglas S Cunningham

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• Cunningham, D., Kasher, J. A., Corasanti, J. G., Tarnasky, P. R., McHenry, L., Fogel, E., & Cunningham, D. S. (2011). A multicenter analysis of safety and outcome of removal of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent during ERCP. Gastrointestinal endoscopy, 73(6).
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  Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) have been used for palliation of both malignant and benign biliary strictures. Limited data are available about safety and outcome of endoscopic removal of these stents.
• Cunningham, D., Rial, N. S., Gilchrist, K. B., Henderson, J. T., Bhattacharyya, A. K., Boyer, T. D., Nadir, A., & Cunningham, D. S. (2011). Endoscopic ultrasound with biopsy of omental mass for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis in cirrhosis. World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy, 3(6).
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  In this report, a patient had a previous diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma with an extended cholecystectomy. Three years later, he was evaluated for recurrent ascites. The patient had several large volume paracentesis, without evidence of malignant cells. Subsequently, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle aspiration (FNA) of both lymph and omental nodules was utilized. While the lymph nodes were negative for malignancy, the omental nodule was interrogated with multiple antibodies and was found to be positive for neoplasia. EUS with FNA can safely be used in patients with cirrhosis to spare the patient invasive evaluation such as exploratory laparotomy (ex-lap) for diagnosis and staging of cholangiocarcinoma.
• Cunningham, D., Rial, N. S., Henderson, J. T., Bhattacharyya, A. K., Nadir, A., & Cunningham, D. S. (2010). Use of endoscopic ultrasound for diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma in auto-immune hepatitis. World journal of gastrointestinal endoscopy, 2(12).
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  In this report, a patient was exposed to an herbal remedy for hypercholesterolemia. She became acutely jaundiced while taking the remedy and presented for medical care. Endoscopic ultrasound was utilized, and found a distal common bile duct mass. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography guided bile duct biopsies revealed that the mass was cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). This case highlights a unique association between autoimmune hepatitis and CCA. It also highlights that EUS can be safely used in patients with cirrhosis to spare invasive evaluation such as exploratory laporotomy for diagnosis and staging of cholangiocarcinoma.