Kanwal Bains

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Journals/Publications

• Bains, K., Iqbal, H., Attri, A., Dhiman, M., Singh, I., Kohli, I., Chaudhry, H., Dukovic, D., Sohal, A., & Yang, J. (2024). Impact of Gender on Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Complications: Analysis of 27 Million Hospitalizations. Journal of gastrointestinal and liver diseases : JGLD, 33(1), 19-24.
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  Previous studies have reported gender differences in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). These studies have also reported differences based on gender in the rates of complications. In this study, we aim to identify gender disparities in the rates of GERD complications in the United States.
• Bains, K., Somasundar, P. S., Chebl, J. A., & Vognar, L. A. (2024). Impact of Cancer on Nutrition in the Geriatric Cancer Population. Rhode Island medical journal (2013), 107(2), 36-39.
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  Malnutrition in geriatric cancer patients is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. A nutrition risk assessment should be done early to identify and treat those at risk for cancer-related malnutrition. The goal of this study was to assess nutritional status in geriatric patients diagnosed with all cause cancer. We conducted a single institutional prospective cohort study of geriatric patients with cancer from 2013-2018. Patients 65 years old and above had undergone a comprehensive geriatric assessment before starting treatment (day 0), post-treatment (day 30), and post-post treatment (day 90). Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) were used to assess nutrition status. Results showed an increase in nutrition status from pretreatment (day = 0) to treatment (day =30), followed by a decrease in MNA scores at day 90. Results showed a decrease in BMI across all time points. This study supports that cancer and anti-cancer therapy in geriatric patients cause malnutrition, indicating the importance of early nutritional evaluation and intervention.
• Dalal, R. S., Sharma, P. P., Bains, K., Pruce, J. C., & Allegretti, J. R. (2024). 1-Year Comparative Effectiveness of Tofacitinib vs Ustekinumab for Patients With Ulcerative Colitis and Prior Antitumor Necrosis Factor Failure. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 30(3), 395-401.
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  Tofacitinib is an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Real-world data comparing the effectiveness of tofacitinib to ustekinumab are limited. We compared 52-week outcomes of tofacitinib vs ustekinumab for UC after antitumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) failure.
• Dalal, R. S., Sharma, P. P., Bains, K., Pruce, J. C., & Allegretti, J. R. (2024). 1-Year Comparison of Clinical and Endoscopic Outcomes of Tofacitinib vs Vedolizumab for Ulcerative Colitis After Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Failure: A Real-World Cohort Study in the United States. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 30(8), 1419-1422.
• Dalal, R. S., Sharma, P. P., Bains, K., Pruce, J. C., & Allegretti, J. R. (2024). Clinical and Endoscopic Outcomes Through 78 Weeks of Tofacitinib Therapy for Ulcerative Colitis in a US Cohort. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 30(10), 1707-1713.
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  Tofacitinib is an oral JAK inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We assessed outcomes through 78 weeks of tofacitinib therapy for UC in a real-world setting.
• Patel, J., Khanna, T., Sohal, A., Dhaliwal, A., Chaudhry, H., Kalra, S., Singh, I., Dukovic, D., & Bains, K. (2024). Impact of aspirin use on rates of metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer: insights from the National Inpatient Sample. Diseases of the Esophagus. doi:10.1093/dote/doae022
• Patel, J., Khanna, T., Sohal, A., Dhaliwal, A., Chaudhry, H., Kalra, S., Singh, I., Dukovic, D., & Bains, K. (2024). Impact of aspirin use on rates of metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer: insights from the National Inpatient Sample. Diseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus, 37(7).
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  Despite advancing treatment methods, esophageal cancer (EC) maintains a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Through various mechanisms, aspirin has been suggested to have a chemopreventive effect on EC. However, the long-term impact, particularly regarding the rate of metastasis, needs to be further elucidated. NIS 2016-2020 was used to identify adult patients (age > 18 years) with EC using ICD-10 codes. Patients with missing demographics and mortality were excluded. Patients were stratified into two groups based on aspirin use. Data were collected on patient demographics, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), and comorbidities (hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, coronary artery disease (CAD), chronic kidney disease (CKD), congestive heart failure (CHF), coagulopathy, alcohol use, smoking, and obesity). The outcomes studied were rates of total metastasis, gastrointestinal (GI) metastasis, non-GI metastasis, and lymphoid metastasis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the impact of aspirin use on various metastases after adjusting for patient demographics, comorbidities, and ECI. Out of 190,655 patients, 20,650 (10.8%) patients were aspirin users. Majority of the patients in the aspirin group were aged > 65 years (74.7%), males (82.1%), White race (84%), and had medicare insurance (71%). There was a higher incidence of diabetes, hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, CAD, CKD, CHF, and smoking in aspirin users than non-aspirin users. Patients with aspirin users had a lower incidence of metastasis (28.9% vs. 38.7%, P 
• Patel, J., Sohal, A., Bains, K., Chaudhry, H., Kohli, I., Khanna, T., Dukovic, D., & Roytman, M. (2024). Association of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease with gastrointestinal infections: insights from National Inpatient Sample Database. BMJ open gastroenterology, 11(1).
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  The study aimed to compare the risk of gastrointestinal infections among patients with and without metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).
• Tazinkeng, N. N., Pearlstein, E. F., Manda-Mapalo, M., Adekunle, A. D., Monteiro, J. F., Sawyer, K., Egboh, S. C., Bains, K., Chukwudike, E. S., Mohamed, M. F., Asante, C., Ssempiira, J., & Asombang, A. W. (2024). Incidence and risk factors for colorectal cancer in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC gastroenterology, 24(1), 303.
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  Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. There is a significant burden of mortality from colorectal cancer in Africa. Due to the heterogeneity of dietary and lifestyle practices throughout Africa, our work sought to define risk factors for the development of CRC in the African continent.
• Bains, K., Kalra, S., Singh, I., Patel, J., Kohli, I., Dhiman, M., Dukovic, D., Sohal, A., & Aggarwal, A. (2023). Prevalence and Impact of Malnutrition in Hospitalizations Among Celiac Diseases: A Nationwide Analysis. Cureus, 15(8), e44247.
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  Celiac disease (CD) is a T-cell-mediated gluten sensitivity that results in villous atrophy in the small intestine, leading to chronic malabsorption. Patients with celiac disease are prone to malnutrition. We assessed the impact of malnutrition on in-hospital outcomes in patients with CD.
• Bhowmick, K., Roussel, B., Monteiro, J. F., Bains, K., Mohamed, M., Wadhavkar, N., Kalligeros, M., & Fine, S. (2023). S553 Sedation Choice Does Not Impact Procedure Duration in Endoscopic Food Bolus Disimpaction - A Multisite Experience. American Journal of Gastroenterology, 118(10S), S408-S408. doi:10.14309/01.ajg.0000951852.27234.8b
• Chaudhry, H., Sohal, A., Bains, K., Dhaliwal, A., Dukovic, D., Singla, P., Sharma, R., Kohli, I., & Chintanaboina, J. (2023). Incidence and factors associated with portal vein thrombosis in patients with acute pancreatitis: A United States national retrospective study. Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP) ... [et al.], 23(4), 350-357.
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  Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a well-known complication in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Limited data exist on the incidence and factors of PVT in patients with AP. We investigate the incidence and clinical predictors of PVT in AP.
• Chaudhry, H., Sohal, A., Bains, K., Dhaliwal, A., Dukovic, D., Singla, P., Sharma, R., Kohli, I., & Chintanaboina, J. (2023). Incidence and factors associated with portal vein thrombosis in patients with acute pancreatitis: A United States national retrospective study. Pancreatology : official journal of the International Association of Pancreatology (IAP). doi:10.1016/j.pan.2023.03.008
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  Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a well-known complication in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). Limited data exist on the incidence and factors of PVT in patients with AP. We investigate the incidence and clinical predictors of PVT in AP. We queried the 2016–2019 National Inpatient Sample database to identify patients with AP. Patients with chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer were excluded. We studied demographics, comorbidities, complications, and interventions in these patients and stratified the results by the presence of PVT. A multivariate regression model was used to identify factors associated with PVT in patients with AP. We also assessed the mortality and resource utilization in patients with PVT and AP. Of the 1,386,389 adult patients admitted with AP, 11,135 (0.8%) patients had PVT. Women had a 15% lower risk of developing PVT (aOR-0.85, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the age groups in the risk of developing PVT. Hispanic patients had the lowest risk of PVT (aOR-0.74, p < 0.001). PVT was associated with pancreatic pseudocyst (aOR-4.15, p < 0.001), bacteremia (aOR-2.66, p < 0.001), sepsis (aOR-1.55, p < 0.001), shock (aOR-1.68, p < 0.001) and ileus (aOR-1.38, p < 0.001). A higher incidence of in-hospital mortality and ICU admissions was also noted in patients with PVT and AP. This study demonstrated a significant association between PVT and factors such as pancreatic pseudocyst, bacteremia, and ileus in patients with AP.
• Dhaliwal, A., Sohal, A., Bains, K., Chaudhry, H., Singh, I., Kalra, E., Arora, K., Dukovic, D., & Boiles, A. R. (2023). Impact of Aspirin Use on Outcomes in Patients With Hepatocellular Cancer: A Nationwide Analysis. World journal of oncology, 14(3), 195-204.
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  Despite the use of new immunotherapies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor survival rate. Through multiple molecular mechanisms, aspirin (ASA) has demonstrated a reduced incidence of HCC, however, the impact of long-term ASA use on in-hospital outcomes has not been studied.
• Dhaliwal, A., Sohal, A., Chaudhry, H., Singh, I., Sharma, R., Dukovic, D., Kalra, S., Arora, K., Bains, K., & Somasundar, P. S. (2023). Effect on in-hospital outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma on aspirin.. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 41(16_suppl), e16162-e16162. doi:10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.e16162
• Patel, J., Bains, K., Kalra, S., Singh, I., Kohli, I., Dukovic, D., Chaudhry, H., Sohal, A., Yang, J., & Tringali, S. (2023). The Effects of Malnutrition on Inpatient Outcomes in Patients With Gastroparesis: A Nationwide Analysis. Cureus, 15(10), e47082.
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  Introduction Gastroparesis (GP) is a chronic debilitating gastric motility disorder defined as delayed emptying of the stomach content without mechanical obstruction. It can result in nutritional deficiencies, leading to poor overall outcomes. We assessed the impact of malnutrition on in-hospital outcomes in patients with gastroparesis. Methods Patients with a primary discharge diagnosis of GP between January 2016 and December 2019 were included in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Data on patient demographics, hospital characteristics, the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and the etiology of gastroparesis were collected. The association between malnutrition and outcomes, including mortality, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), sepsis, acute kidney injury (AKI), length of stay (LOS), and total hospitalization charges (THC), were analyzed using the multivariate regression model. Results A total of 182,580 patients with gastroparesis were included in the analysis. Patients with gastroparesis and malnutrition had a higher risk of mortality (adjusted odds ratio {aOR}, 3.29; p
• Chaudhry, H., Dhaliwal, A., Bains, K., Sohal, A., Singla, P., Sharma, R., Dukovic, D., Kohli, I., Gupta, G., & Prajapati, D. (2022). Hospitalization Outcomes of Acute Pancreatitis in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients. Gastroenterology research, 15(6), 334-342.
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  Acute pancreatitis (AP) carries a significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. AP is a potential complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) although its incidence remains unclear. HSCT recipients are at increased risk of AP due to various factors but the effect of AP on mortality and resource utilization in the adult population has not been studied. We investigated the impact of AP on hospitalization outcomes among patients following HSCT.
• Dalal, R. S., Bains, K., Marcus, J., McClure, E. L., & Allegretti, J. R. (2022). Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Pouch-Related Disorders: A Case Series. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 28(11), 1787-1789.
• Dhaliwal, A., Ravi, S., Bains, K., Potharaju, A. K., & Shah, T. (2022). The enigma of persistent hypertriglyceridemia: A case report. Clinical case reports, 10(3), e05610.
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  A patient with a history of Mandibular hypoplasia, Deafness, Progeroid Features Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome (MDPL), familial lipodystrophy presented with hypertriglyceridemia induced pancreatitis with triglycerides in the 3000s. This lipodystrophy occurs due to a mutation in the POLD1 gene (DNA polymerase delta 1). MDPL, hypertriglyceridemia, pancreatitis, POLD1.
• Sohal, A., Bains, K., Dhaliwal, A., Chaudhry, H., Sharma, R., Singla, P., Gupta, G., Dukovic, D., Sandhu, S., Roytman, M., & Tringali, S. (2022). Seasonal Variations of Hospital Admissions for Alcohol-Related Hepatitis in the United States. Gastroenterology research, 15(2), 75-81.
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  Clinical experience suggests an increased hospitalization rate for alcohol-related hepatitis (AH) in the winter months; however, seasonal variations in the prevalence of hospitalizations for AH have not been described previously. We hypothesized that AH hospitalizations would be higher in the winter months due to the holiday season and increased alcohol sales.
• Sohal, A., Chaudhry, H., Bains, K., Dhaliwal, A., Sharma, R., Gupta, G., Singla, P., Dukovic, D., Sandhu, S., & Roytman, M. (2022). Predictors of leaving against medical advice in patients with alcohol-related hepatitis. Annals of gastroenterology, 35(5), 541-546.
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  Alcohol-related hepatitis is one of the most severe manifestations of alcohol-related liver disease and has been associated with significant morbidity, mortality and financial burden. Patients with alcohol use disorders are at risk of leaving against medical advice (LAMA); however, there is currently a lack of data in the literature to show which patients are at higher risk. In this study, we investigated the specific demographic factors and comorbidities associated with LAMA.