Biography
Dr. Lee joined our faculty in 2009, as an Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University Of Arizona College Of Medicine. Originally from Malaysia, he earned his medical degree from Trinity College Dublin in Ireland, graduating in 2000. He served his internship at St James's Hospital in Dublin, Ireland, followed by a move to the Mayo Clinic, Arizona where he completed his internal medicine residency and cardiology fellowship. This was followed by an Interventional Cardiology fellowship at Emory University Hospital in Atlanta. He was a founding editor of the Trinity Student Medical Journal and was a recipient of the Hassan Loutfi Distinguished Fellow Award 2008 from the Mayo School of Medicine.
Dr. Lee is board certified in Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Diseases, Interventional Cardiology, Endovascular Medicine and Echocardiography. He is a Fellow of the American College of Cardiology and has served as a peer-reviewer for the American Journal of Cardiology. He is the current medical director of cardiology, director of the cardiac catheterization laboratory and Chief of Staff at UAMC South Campus.
He has an active interest in medical education with a special interest in cardiology medical simulation, co-directing a regular joint Mayo Clinic Arizona / University of Arizona Cardiology Fellows simulation course. He has been the recipient of several teaching awards at the University of Arizona. He has authored several papers and text book chapters. His areas of research interest have included speckle tracking in echocardiography, strut coverage in optical coherence tomography and meta-analysis of interventional cardiovascular outcomes.
A devoted father of two young children, he enjoys travelling and photography in his spare time.
Degrees
- M.D. Medicine
- Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
Work Experience
- University of Arizona - College of Medicine (2016 - Ongoing)
- University of Arizona - College of Medicine (2009 - 2016)
Awards
- Faculty Mentoring Award
- Dean’s Council on Faculty Affairs, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson, Summer 2021
- Best Case Presentation: Best STEMI Case 2021
- Asian Pacific Society of Cardiology Champions League, Spring 2021
- Top Doctor
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2021
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2020
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2019
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2018
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2017
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2016
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2015
- Castle Connolly, Spring 2014
- Most Innovative Faculty of the Year, Cardiology Fellowship
- University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, Summer 2020
- Academic Teaching Award, Emergency Medicine Residency
- University of Arizona Medical Center South Campus, Spring 2018
- University of Arizona Medical Center South Campus, Spring 2016
- Future Leader Award
- American College of Cardiology, Spring 2017
- Graduate of Banner Advanced Leadership Program
- Banner Health, Summer 2016
- Academic Teaching Award, Emergency Medicine Residency, University of Arizona Medical Center South Campus
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Spring 2015
- Cardiology Excellence Award
- University Physicians Hospital, Spring 2015
- Charles W Hall & Virginia C Hall Memorial Endowment Cardiology Fellowship Teaching Award
- University of Arizona, Spring 2015
- Fellow
- American College of Cardiology, Spring 2015
- Society of Cardiovascular Angiography and Intervention, Spring 2015
- Hassan Loutfi M.D. Distinguished Fellow Award
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Spring 2015
- Professor's Prize in Psychiatry
- Trinity College, Dublin Ireland, Spring 2015
Licensure & Certification
- Certification, American Board of Internal Medicine (2005)
- Arizona Medical License, State of Arizona (2010)
- Certification, American Board of Internal Medicine (2008)
- Certification, National Board of Echocardiography (2008)
- Certification, American Board of Vascular Medicine (2010)
- Certification, American Board of Internal Medicine (2009)
Interests
Research
Optical coherence tomography evaluation of drug eluting stent healing response.
Teaching
Simulation in cardiovascular training
Courses
No activities entered.
Scholarly Contributions
Chapters
- Lee, K., Harhash, A., & Tan, T. W. (2019). Stent therapies in the lower extremity: Bare metal, drug eluting and resorbable stents. In Peripheral Vascular Disease: A Clinical Approach 1st Edition. Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
- Lee, K. S., Harhash, A., & Tan, T. W. (2018). Stent therapies in the lower extremity: Bare metal, drug eluting and resorbable stents. In Peripheral Vascular Disease: A Clinical Approach. Wolters Kluwer.
- Lee, K. S., & Jahan, K. (2015). Cardiovascular Diseases in Women. In Management of Complex Cardiovascular Problems: Practicing 21st Century Cardiology(pp 379-404). Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, NJ.
- Lee, K. S., & Lester, S. J. (2014). Tricuspid and Pulmonic Pathology. In Questions, Tricks and Tips for the Echocardiography Boards(pp 124-130). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.
- Lee, K. S., Husnain, M., & Shanmugasundaram, M. (2013). Indications for and timing of surgery in aortic stenosis. In Managing the Heart Valve Patient(pp 240 - 243). Singapore: Saw HS.
- Lee, K. S., Lee, B. L., & Lee, J. Z. (2013). Diagnosis of infective endocarditis and timing of surgery. In Managing the Heart Valve Patient(pp 574 - 581). Singapore: Saw HS.
Journals/Publications
- Acharya, D., Loyaga-Rendon, R. Y., Chatterjee, A., Rajapreyar, I., & Lee, K. (2021). Optical Coherence Tomography in Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy: State-of-the-Art Review. Circulation. Heart failure, 14(9), e008416.More infoCardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is a challenging complication of heart transplantation. CAV pathophysiology is incompletely understood, standard screening modalities such as angiography have significant limitations, and currently available therapies have only modest efficacy in preventing progression. Optical coherence tomography is a light-based technique that provides microscopic level catheter-based intravascular imaging and has dramatically expanded our understanding of CAV, demonstrating it to be a complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic process. This review covers characteristics and uses of optical coherence tomography, including vessel characterization, serial use to assess progression of disease, guiding percutaneous intervention, and monitoring response to CAV therapies. We also discuss the potential of optical coherence tomography in providing individualized assessment and enable customized CAV therapies, which may lead to improvements in long-term transplant outcomes.
- Ajmal, M., Hutchinson, M. D., Lee, K., & Indik, J. H. (2021). Outcomes in patients implanted with a Watchman device in relation to choice of anticoagulation and indication for implant. Journal of interventional cardiac electrophysiology : an international journal of arrhythmias and pacing.More infoPatients with atrial fibrillation are increasingly prescribed a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) over warfarin and seek to avoid anticoagulation even without a history of major bleeding. This study explores the outcomes of patients implanted with a Watchman device in relation to anticoagulation choice (warfarin versus DOAC) in the post-procedure period and a history of bleeding.
- Koester, S., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2021). Corrigendum to "Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in an Elderly Patient". Case reports in cardiology, 2019, 2347179.More info[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/8609282.].
- Kops, S. A., Strah, D., Lee, K. S., & Seckeler, M. D. (2021). Intravascular Ultrasound for Pulmonary Vein Stenosis Interventions in Congenital Heart Disease. The Journal of invasive cardiology, 33(4), E259-E262.More infoPulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is aggressive, with high morbidity and mortality. Surgical and catheter interventions yield modest success, at best. Refinements in catheter interventions could potentially improve outcomes in this patient population. The goal of this study was to determine the utility of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) for patients with congenital heart disease and PVS.
- Lee, J. Z., Low, S. W., Pasha, A. K., Howe, C. L., Lee, K. S., & Suryanarayana, P. G. (2021). Comparison of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion with fractional area change for the evaluation of right ventricular systolic function: a meta-analysis. Open heart, 5(1), e000667.More infoAccurate determination of right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) is challenging because of the unique geometry of the right ventricle. Tricuspidannular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and fractional area change (FAC) are commonly used echocardiographic quantitative estimates of RV function. Cardiac MRI (CMRI) has emerged as the gold standard for assessment of RVEF. We sought to summarise the available data on correlation of TAPSE and FAC with CMRI-derived RVEF and to compare their accuracy.
- Lee, K. S., Chatterjee, A., & Acharya, D. (2021). De-Escalation of DAPT After ACS: Escalating the Odds of Getting It Right. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 78(8), 778-780.
- Truong, H. T., & Lee, K. S. (2021). The failing aspirations of aspiration thrombectomy in STEMI. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions.
- Truong, V. T., Ngo, T. N., Mazur, J., Nguyen, H. T., Pham, T. T., Palmer, C., Pham, K. N., Phan, H. T., Lee, K. S., Bannehr, M., Butter, C., Gyoten, T., & Chung, E. S. (2021). Right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation in functional mitral regurgitation. ESC heart failure, 8(6), 4988-4996.More infoThe objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in patients with moderate-severe functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) receiving MitraClip procedure. RVD and TR grade are associated with cardiovascular mortality in the general population and other cardiovascular diseases. However, there are limited data from observational studies on the prognostic significance of RVD and TR in FMR receiving MitraClip procedure.
- Acharya, D., Torabi, M., Borgstrom, M., Rajapreyar, I., Lee, K., Kern, K., Rycus, P., Tonna, J. E., Alexander, P., & Lotun, K. (2020). Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock: Analysis of the ELSO Registry. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 76(8), 1001-1002.
- Dhakal, B. P., Skinner, K. A., Kumar, K., Lotun, K., Shetty, R., Kazui, T., Lee, K., & Indik, J. H. (2020). Arrhythmias in Relation to Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. The American journal of medicine, 133(11), 1336-1342.e1.More infoThe purpose of this study was to identify predictors of mortality and potentially modifiable factors related to arrhythmias in patients that undergo transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Patients that undergo TAVR are at risk for complete heart block requiring pacemaker implant. Additionally, other arrhythmias, specifically atrial fibrillation (AF), are common in this population. It is unclear how arrhythmias and their management contribute to mortality risk.
- Kern, K. B., Radsel, P., Jentzer, J. C., Seder, D. B., Lee, K. S., Lotun, K., Janardhanan, R., Stub, D., Hsu, C. H., & Noc, M. (2020). Randomized Pilot Clinical Trial of Early Coronary Angiography Versus No Early Coronary Angiography After Cardiac Arrest Without ST-Segment Elevation: The PEARL Study. Circulation, 142(21), 2002-2012.More infoThe benefit of emergency coronary angiography after resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is uncertain for patients without ST-segment elevation. The aim of this randomized trial was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of early coronary angiography and to determine the prevalence of acute coronary occlusion in resuscitated patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest without ST-segment elevation.
- Lee, K. (2019). Simulation is Important for Interventional Training: It Needs Our Attention and Funding. Cath Lab Digest, 27.
- Lee, K. S. (2019). Off Script: As the Quantification of Cath Lab Quality gets an Upgrade, Frustrations Abound. TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2019). Off Script: PCI of the Future? Let’s Break Down the Border Between Physiology and Anatomy. TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2019). Off Script: The New Gatekeepers of Procedural Education. TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2019). Off Script: The TWILIGHT of Aspirin? A Brief History of Aspirin’s Rise and Fall. TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2019). Off Script: Want a Glimpse of Healthcare 3.0? Look Beyond Physician Burnout. TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S., Nathan, S., Truong, H. T., & Bagai, J. (2019). Tips and Tricks: Left Radial Arterial Access. SCAI.org SCAI QIT.
- Eubank, L., Lee, K. S., Seder, D. B., Strout, T., Darrow, M., MacDonald, C., May, T., Riker, R. R., & Kern, K. B. (2018). Approaches to community consultation in exception from informed consent: Analysis of scope, efficiency, and cost at two centers. Resuscitation, 130, 81-87.More infoCommunity consultation (CC) is fundamental to the Exception from Informed Consent (EFIC) process for emergency research, designed to inform and receive feedback from the target study population about potential risks and benefits. To better understand the effectiveness of different techniques for CC, we evaluated EFIC processes at two centers participating in a trial of early cardiac catheterization following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
- Lee, K. S. (2018). Off Script: A Monumental, First-World Victory vs. an Enduring First World Failure. TCT 2018 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2018). Off Script: Opacity, Transparency and Magic Buttons in the Cath Lab. TCT 2018 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2018). Off Script: Phantom Hearts and the Elusive Nature of Angina. TCT 2018 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2018). Off Script: Sharing, Caring and Daring to Dream. TCT 2018 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2018). Off Script: Welcome to the 30th TCT 2018 in Sunny San Diego. TCT 2018 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S., & Lee, K. S. (2018). Alirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome. New England Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1801174More infoAlirocumab and cardiovascular outcomes after acute coronary syndrome. N Eng J Med 2018 Nov 7. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1801174 (*member of the investigative team cited in the appendix of the manuscript)
- Reddy, S., & Lee, K. S. (2018). Role of Cardiac Catheterization Lab Post Resuscitation in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Current cardiology reviews, 14(2), 85-91.More infoCardiac arrest remains a common and lethal condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. Even with improving survival rates, the successfully resuscitated post cardiac arrest patient is also at risk for poor neurological outcomes, functional status and long- term survival if not managed appropriately. Given that acute coronary occlusion has been found to be the leading cause of cardiac arrest, long-term prognosis is good in selected patients after successful outof- hospital resuscitation and ST elevation myocardial infarction who are taken for immediate coronary angiography, treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention and hypothermia when indicated.
- Kannan, A., Lee, J. Z., Saleh, L., Kanakadandi, U., Rigatelli, G., Lee, K. S., Kasprzak, J. D., & Palacios, I. F. (2017). How should I treat a coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistula at an acute stent thrombosis site?. EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 13(11), 1367-1372.
- Lee, J. Z., Singh, N., Nyotowidjojo, I., Howe, C., Low, S. W., Nguyen, T., Pinto, D., Kumar, G., & Lee, K. S. (2017). Comparison of regadenoson and nitroprusside to adenosine for measurement of fractional flow reserve: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions.More infoFFR is useful in defining the physiological significance of intermediate coronary stenosis and requires induction of maximal hyperemia and measurement of pressure proximal and distal to the stenosis. Hyperemia normally is induced by either IV or IC adenosine, a medication associated with short-term side effects. IV regadenoson and IC nitroprusside have been suggested as viable alternatives. This meta-analysis aims to identify all studies comparing use of intravenous (IV) regadenoson or intracoronary (IC) nitroprusside with IV adenosine to determine differences related to the agent utilized for assessment of fractional flow reserve (FFR).
- Lee, K. S. (2017). Off Script: Connecting and Collaborating in the Global Village of Interventional Cardiology. TCT 2017 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2017). Off Script: Focusing on the Future. TCT 2017 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2017). Off Script: Monkey See, Monkey… Should Really Do, Before Being Set Loose. TCT 2017 News - TCTMD.com.
- Lee, K. S. (2017). Off Script: Welcome to TCT 2017 in the Mile High City. TCT 2017 News - TCTMD.com.
- Agasthi, P., Aloor, S., Menon, V., Lee, K., Kumar, G., & Sachdeva, R. (2016). TCT-594 Difference in Neointimal Coverage between First Generation versus Second Generation Drug Eluting Stents using Optical Coherence tomography: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 68(18S), B241.
- Koester, S., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2016). Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in an Elderly. Case reports in cardiology, 2016, 8609282.More infoBackground. Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) is an uncommon congenital abnormality, which may present in the adult population. It is often associated with sinus venosus defect (SVD). The diagnosis and therapy for this condition may be challenging. Case Presentation. We describe a case of an elderly woman who presented with NYHA Class IV dyspnea and was suspected to have symptomatic pulmonary hypertension. She was later found to have anomalous right upper pulmonary vein return to the superior vena cava and associated SVD with bidirectional shunting. Therapeutic options were discussed and medical management alone with aggressive diuresis and sildenafil was adopted. Follow-up visits revealed success in the planned medical therapy. Conclusions. PAPVR is a rare congenital condition that may present during late adulthood. The initial predominant left-to-right shunting associated with this anomaly may go undetected for years with the gradual development of pulmonary hypertension and right heart failure due to right heart volume overload. Awareness of the condition is important, as therapy is time-sensitive with early detection potentially leading to surgical therapy as a viable option.
- Lee, J. Z., Singh, N., Howe, C. L., Low, S. W., Huang, J. J., Ortega, G., Lee, K. S., & Pandit, A. (2016). Colchicine for Prevention of Post-Operative Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis. JACC. Clinical electrophysiology, 2(1), 78-85.More infoThis study sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation.
- Lee, J. Z., Singh, N., Howe, C. L., Low, S. W., Huang, J. J., Ortega, G., Lee, K. S., & Pandit, A. J. (2016). Colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis.. J Am Coll Cardiol Clin Electrophysiology, 78-85. doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2015.09.016
- Lincoff, A. M., Mehran, R., Povsic, T. J., Zelenkofske, S. L., Huang, Z., Armstrong, P. W., Steg, P. G., Bode, C., Cohen, M. G., Buller, C., Laanmets, P., Valgimigli, M., Marandi, T., Fridrich, V., Cantor, W. J., Merkely, B., Lopez-Sendon, J., Cornel, J. H., Kasprzak, J. D., , Aschermann, M., et al. (2016). Effect of the REG1 anticoagulation system versus bivalirudin on outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (REGULATE-PCI): a randomised clinical trial. Lancet (London, England), 387(10016), 349-56.More infoREG1 is a novel anticoagulation system consisting of pegnivacogin, an RNA aptamer inhibitor of coagulation factor IXa, and anivamersen, a complementary sequence reversal oligonucleotide. We tested the hypothesis that near complete inhibition of factor IXa with pegnivacogin during percutaneous coronary intervention, followed by partial reversal with anivamersen, would reduce ischaemic events compared with bivalirudin, without increasing bleeding.
- Nyotowidjojo, I., Erickson, R. P., & Lee, K. S. (2016). Crowd-Sourcing Syncope Diagnosis: Mobile Smartphone ECG Apps. The American journal of medicine, 129(4), e17-8. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.11.022
- O'Donoghue, M. L., Glaser, R., Cavender, M. A., Aylward, P. E., Bonaca, M. P., Budaj, A., Davies, R. Y., Dellborg, M., Fox, K. A., Gutierrez, J. A., Hamm, C., Kiss, R. G., Kovar, F., Kuder, J. F., Im, K. A., Lepore, J. J., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., Ophuis, T. O., Parkhomenko, A., , Shannon, J. B., et al. (2016). Effect of Losmapimod on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA, 315(15), 1591-9.More infop38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-stimulated inflammation is implicated in atherogenesis, plaque destabilization, and maladaptive processes in myocardial infarction (MI). Pilot data in a phase 2 trial in non-ST elevation MI indicated that the p38 MAPK inhibitor losmapimod attenuates inflammation and may improve outcomes.
- Pasha, A. K., Lee, J. Z., Low, S., Desai, H., Lee, K. S., & Al Mohajer, M. (2016). Fungal Endocarditis: Update on Diagnosis and Management. The American journal of medicine, 129(10), 1037-43.More infoFungal endocarditis is an extremely debilitating disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Candida spp. are the most common isolated organisms in fungal endocarditis. It is most prevalent in patients who are immunosuppressed and intravenous drug users. Most patients present with constitutional symptoms, which are indistinguishable from bacterial endocarditis, hence a high index of suspicion is required for pursuing diagnosis. Diagnosis of fungal endocarditis can be very challenging: most of the time, blood cultures are negative or take a long time to yield growth. Fungal endocarditis mandates an aggressive treatment strategy. A medical and surgical combined approach is the cornerstone of therapy.
- Cannon, C. P., Blazing, M. A., Giugliano, R. P., McCagg, A., White, J. A., Theroux, P., Darius, H., Lewis, B. S., Ophuis, T. O., Jukema, J. W., De Ferrari, G. M., Ruzyllo, W., De Lucca, P., Im, K., Bohula, E. A., Reist, C., Wiviott, S. D., Tershakovec, A. M., Musliner, T. A., , Braunwald, E., et al. (2015). Ezetimibe Added to Statin Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes*. NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, 372(25), 2387-2397.More info* member of the investigative team cited in the appendix of the manuscript*
- Lee, J. Z., Singh, N., Ortega, G., Low, S. W., Kanakadandi, U., Fortuin, F. D., Lassar, T., & Lee, K. S. (2015). Composite outcomes in 2.25-mm drug eluting stents: a systematic review. Cardiovascular revascularization medicine : including molecular interventions, 16(4), 237-42.More infoCoronary atherosclerosis often involves small-caliber coronaries, yet the safety and efficacy of 2.25-mm DES have been poorly defined, with a general lack of separation of 2.25 with 2.5-mm performance. No randomized head-to-head 2.25 mm DES studies have been reported. There are several single-arm prospective studies, and we aim to systematically review all published specific 2.25-mm data to estimate composite DES-specific performance and highlight current knowledge gaps.
- Lee, K. S., Lee, J. Z., Hsu, C. H., Husnain, M., Riaz, H., Riaz, I. B., Thai, H., Cassese, S., Finn, A., Samady, H., & Byrne, R. A. (2015). Temporal trends in strut-level optical coherence tomography evaluation of coronary stent strut coverage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cath and Cardiovasc Interv, online. doi:10.1002/ccd.26374
- Lee, K. S., Lee, J. Z., Hsu, C., Husnain, M., Riaz, H., Riaz, I. B., Thai, H., Cassese, S., Finn, A., Samady, H., & Byrne, R. A. (2015). Temporal Trends in Strut-Level Optical Coherence Tomography Evaluation of Coronary Stent Coverage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions.More infoWe sought to pool data from all studies with reported strut-level data in human subjects evaluated by optical coherence tomography (OCT) surveillance and to compare the aggregate data of stent strut coverage on a longitudinal temporal timeline from initial implantation for different coronary stent subtypes.
- Lee, K. S., Low, S. W., & Lotun, K. (2015). Ileofemoral thrombosis secondary to iliac compression syndrome in double inferior vena cava. Vascular Disease Management, 12(4), E54 - E61.
- Low, S. W., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2015). Abdominal aortic peripheral intervention to facilitate intra-aortic balloon pump support during high risk percutaneous coronary intervention: a case report. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 15, 20.More infoThe use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) via the trans-femoral approach has been established for hemodynamic support in patients undergoing high-risk percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, there are various challenges associated with its use, especially in patients with aortoiliac occlusive arterial disease.
- Zannad, F., Cannon, C. P., Cushman, W. C., Bakris, G. L., Menon, V., Perez, A. T., Fleck, P. R., Mehta, C. R., Kupfer, S., Wilson, C., Lam, H., White, W. B., & Kwan S Lee, E. I. (2015). Heart failure and mortality outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes taking alogliptin versus placebo in EXAMINE: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet (London, England), 385(9982), 2067-76.More infoThe EXAMINE trial showed non-inferiority of the DPP-4 inhibitor alogliptin to placebo on major adverse cardiac event (MACE) rates in patients with type 2 diabetes and recent acute coronary syndromes. Concerns about excessive rates of in-hospital heart failure in another DPP-4 inhibitor trial have been reported. We therefore assessed hospital admission for heart failure in the EXAMINE trial.
- Kanakadandi, U., Huang, J., & Lee, K. (2014). Early vein graft failure leading to acute myocardial infarction, dehiscence and haemopericardium treated by percutaneous coil embolisation and balloon tamponade. BMJ case reports, 2014.More infoEarly vein graft failure is a well-described early complication of coronary artery bypass grafting. Revascularisation with emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) may limit the extent of myocardial damage and is associated with lower procedural complications compared than with emergency redo bypass surgery. We describe a case of an early saphenous vein graft (SVG) thrombosis presenting as an inferior ST-elevation to our non-surgical PCI site, complicated by SVG graft dehiscence leading to cardiac tamponade, which we treated with coil embolisation and balloon tamponade during the patient's transfer to a surgical facility for emergent haemopericardium evacuation.
- Lee, J. Z., Lee, K. S., Abidov, A., Samson, R. A., & Lotun, K. (2014). Endovascular stenting of suture line supravalvular pulmonic stenosis after orthotopic heart transplantation using rapid pacing stabilization. JACC. Cardiovascular interventions, 7(8), e91-3.
- Riaz, I. B., Husnain, M., Riaz, H., Asawaeer, M., Bilal, J., Pandit, A., Shetty, R., & Lee, K. S. (2014). Meta-analysis of revascularization versus medical therapy for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. The American journal of cardiology, 114(7), 1116-23.More infoThe aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of revascularization versus medical therapy in patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (ARAS). ARAS is the most common cause of secondary hypertension and is associated with several complications, such as renal failure, coronary artery disease, cardiac destabilization, and stroke. Medical therapy is the cornerstone for management of ARAS; however, numerous trials have compared medical therapy with revascularization in the form of percutaneous renal artery angioplasty (PTRA) or percutaneous renal artery angioplasty with stent placement (PTRAS). Medline (PubMed and Ovid SP), Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Clinical Trials (CENTRAL), and Cochrane Database of Systematic Review (CDSR) were searched till present (November 2013) to identify clinical trials where medical therapy was compared with revascularization (PTRA or PTRAS). We performed a meta-analysis using a random effects model. The heterogeneity was assessed using I2 values. The initial database search identified 540 studies and 7 randomized controlled trials, and 2,139 patients were included in the final analysis. Angioplasty with or without stenting was not superior to medical therapy with respect to any outcome. The incidence of nonfatal myocardial infarction was 6.74% in both the stenting and medical therapy group (odds ratio=0.998, 95% confidence interval 0.698 to 1.427, p=0.992), and incidence of renal events in stenting population was found to be 19.58% versus 20.53% in medical therapy (odds ratio=0.945, 95% confidence interval 0.755 to 1.182, p=0.620). In conclusion, PTRA or PTRAS does not improve outcomes compared with medical therapy in patients with ARAS. Future studies should investigate to identify patient subgroups that may benefit from such an intervention.
- Singh, N., Lee, J. Z., Huang, J. J., Low, S. W., Howe, C., Pandit, A., Suryanarayana, P., & Lee, K. S. (2014). Benefit of statin pretreatment in prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy in different adult patient population: systematic review and meta-analysis. Open heart, 1(1), e000127.More infoPrevious studies have suggested that statin pretreatment prevents contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN). However, single randomised trials are limited in their number of patients. This meta-analysis aims to assess the role of statin use in CIN prevention, as well as to determine patient subgroups that will benefit from statin pre-treatment.
- Riaz, I. B., Dhoble, A., Mizyed, A., Hsu, C., Husnain, M., Lee, J. Z., Lotun, K., & Lee, K. S. (2013). Transcatheter patent foramen ovale closure versus medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. BMC cardiovascular disorders, 13, 116.More infoThere is an association between cryptogenic stroke and patent foramen ovale (PFO). The optimal treatment strategy for secondary prevention remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to analyze aggregate data examining the safety and efficacy of transcatheter device closure versus standard medical therapy in patients with PFO and cryptogenic stroke.
- Attaran, R. R., & Lee, K. S. (2010). Coronary steal resulting from LIMA-to-SVG-to-LAD-to-ventricular fistula physiology associated with malpositioned prosthetic aortic valve. The Journal of invasive cardiology, 22(11), E183-4.More infoFollowing aortic valve replacement (AVR) and a single vessel bypass (SVG) to the left-anterior descending artery (LAD), the patient had a non-ST segment myocardial infarction with graft occlusion and underwent left internal mammary artery (LIMA) to SVG to LAD. When we evaluated her at our institution for ischemic symptoms, we were able to determine the probable sequence of events and the reason for her symptoms. Her AVR was interfering with normal flow into the left main with associated coronary steal from the distal LAD. The AVR had to be revised and the patient's symptoms improved.
- Vianna-Pinton, R., Moreno, C. A., Baxter, C. M., Lee, K. S., Tsang, T. S., & Appleton, C. P. (2009). Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography of the left atrium: feasibility and regional contraction and relaxation differences in normal subjects. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography, 22(3), 299-305.More infoIncreased left atrial (LA) size and reduced global contractility are related to adverse cardiac events. The potential incremental value of assessing regional LA contractility is unknown. To assess the feasibility of measuring this variable angle, independent 2-dimensional speckle-tracking strain echocardiography (2D-SpTr) was used to measure regional LA strain (epsilon) and strain rate (SR) in normal individuals of various ages.
- Kelly, S. V., Burke, R. F., Lee, K. S., Torloni, A. S., Lee, R. W., Northfelt, D., & Fonseca, R. (2008). Acute myocardial infarction: an unusual presentation of essential thrombocytosis in a 17-year-old man. Clinical advances in hematology & oncology : H&O, 6(2), 133-6.
- Lee, K. S., Honda, T., Reuss, C. S., Zhou, Y., Khandheria, B. K., & Lester, S. J. (2008). Effect of echocardiographic contrast on velocity vector imaging myocardial tracking. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography, 21(7), 818-23.More infoTwo-dimensional speckle tracking is an evolving ultrasound technology that allows objective evaluation of left ventricular function. The effect of echocardiographic contrast with 2-dimensional speckle tracking image processing is poorly defined.
- Umphrey, L. G., Hurst, R. T., Eleid, M. F., Lee, K. S., Reuss, C. S., Hentz, J. G., Vargas, H. E., & Appleton, C. P. (2008). Preoperative dobutamine stress echocardiographic findings and subsequent short-term adverse cardiac events after orthotopic liver transplantation. Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society, 14(6), 886-92.More infoCardiovascular (CV) complications are the leading cause of non-graft-related death in orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) patients. Pretransplant cardiac evaluation using dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) is commonly utilized for risk stratification of OLT candidates. To determine if clinical and echocardiographic variables identify patients with increased CV risk, we performed a retrospective chart review of all 284 patients that underwent OLT at our institution between June 1999 and August 2005. Of these patients, 157 had a DSE prior to their OLT. Serious adverse CV events occurring during surgery and up to 4 months post-transplantation were defined as cardiac-related death, myocardial infarction (MI), new heart failure, or asystole or unstable ventricular arrhythmia requiring acute treatment. Sixteen of 157 patients (10%) had an adverse CV event with 2 deaths. These included ventricular tachycardia (n = 8), asystole (n = 2), MI (n = 5), and new heart failure (n = 1). Nine of the 16 CV events occurred at the time of surgery (including both deaths), 5 occurred postoperatively, and 3 occurred after hospital discharge. Variables that correlated with increased CV events were inability during DSE to achieve >82% of the maximum predicted heart rate (22% versus 6%, P = 0.01), a peak rate pressure product during DSE of 24 at the time of OLT. A multivariate model calculated from the DSE maximum achieved heart rate (MAHR) and MELD score (result = 3.78 + 0.07 MELD - 0.05 MAHR) identified a 47% risk for a value > 0 versus a 6% risk for a value < 0 (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the maximum heart rate achieved during DSE together with the MELD score may be a predictor of adverse CV events up to 4 months post-OLT. A large prospective study is needed to more decisively support this conclusion.
- Yang, H. S., Lee, K. S., Chaliki, H. P., Tazelaar, H. D., Lusk, J. L., Chandrasekaran, K., & Tajik, A. J. (2008). Anomalous insertion of the papillary muscle causing left ventricular outflow obstruction: visualization by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography. European journal of echocardiography : the journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology, 9(6), 855-60.More infoAnomalous insertion of the papillary muscle (PM)/chordae tendineae is a rare but important cause of dynamic left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or cardiac amyloidosis. These anomalies are often challenging to diagnose with 2-D Echo, yet accurate diagnosis is critical in determining whether to proceed with an extended septal myectomy instead of a standard septal myectomy for relief. We report two cases of anomalous insertion of the PM causing LVOT obstruction with diagnosis facilitated by real-time 3-D echocardiograms.
- Lee, K. S., Abbas, A. E., Khandheria, B. K., & Lester, S. J. (2007). Echocardiographic assessment of right heart hemodynamic parameters. Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : official publication of the American Society of Echocardiography, 20(6), 773-82.More infoEchocardiography is currently the primary clinical method for the noninvasive measurement of right heart hemodynamic parameters and is an indispensable tool for the initial assessment, diagnosis, longitudinal follow-up, and prognostication of patients with abnormal right heart function. This review will discuss the echocardiographic methods used to estimate right heart hemodynamic parameters.
- Lee, K. S., Appleton, C. P., Lester, S. J., Adam, T. J., Hurst, R. T., Moreno, C. A., & Altemose, G. T. (2007). Relation of electrocardiographic criteria for left atrial enlargement to two-dimensional echocardiographic left atrial volume measurements. The American journal of cardiology, 99(1), 113-8.More infoLeft atrial (LA) enlargement by 2-dimensional (2-D) echocardiography predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for LA enlargement are based on M-mode echocardiographic LA diameter, which is inferior to 2-D-derived LA volumes. This study compared established ECG criteria for LA enlargement with atrial volume obtained by 2-D echocardiography to determine if traditional ECG criteria accurately represent LA chamber enlargement, therefore offering a low-cost screening tool. A total of 261 randomly selected patients who underwent electrocardiography and 2-D echocardiography were enrolled. ECG parameters and electronically derived P-wave medians were analyzed with electronic calipers for maximal accuracy. LA volumes by 2-D echocardiography were measured with Simpson's method of discs, with enlargement defined as 32 ml/m(2). Sensitivity and specificity tables and receiver-operating characteristic curves were constructed for each criterion. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed for predictors of 2-D echocardiographic LA enlargement. LA enlargement was present in 43% of patients. ECG P-wave duration was the most sensitive for the detection of LA enlargement (69%) but had low specificity (49%). Conversely, a biphasic P wave was the most specific (92%) but had low sensitivity (12%). The maximum area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for any criterion was 0.64, too low to be of clinical utility. In conclusion, established ECG criteria for LA enlargement do not reliably reflect LA enlargement and lack sufficient predictive value to be useful clinically. These results suggest that P-wave abnormalities should be noted as nonspecific LA abnormalities, with the term "LA enlargement" no longer used.
- Appleton, C. P., Hurst, R. T., Lee, K. S., Reuss, C., & Hentz, J. G. (2006). Long-term cardiovascular risk in the orthotopic liver transplant population. Liver transplantation : official publication of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the International Liver Transplantation Society, 12(3), 352-5.
- Lee, K. S., Higgins, M. J., Patel, B. M., Larson, J. S., & Rady, M. Y. (2006). Paraneoplastic coma and acquired central alveolar hypoventilation as a manifestation of brainstem encephalitis in a patient with ANNA-1 antibody and small-cell lung cancer. Neurocritical care, 4(2), 137-9.More infoParaneoplastic neurological disorders are a well recognized complication of malignancy.
Presentations
- Agasthi, P., Aloor, S., Menon, V., Lee, K. S., Kumar, G., & Sachdeva, R. (2016, October/ Fall). Comparison of Neointimal Coverage Patterns between Biodegradable Vascular Stents and Drug Eluting Stents using Optical Coherence tomography: A MetaAnalysis.. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT).
- Lee, J. Z., Low, S., Yun, S., Dherange, P., Desai, A., Juneman, E. B., Lee, K. S., & Suryanarayana, P. (2016, November). Comparison of Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion to Fractional Area Change for Evaluation of Right Ventricular Systolic Function: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. American Heart Association Scientific Sessions. Orlando, FL: American Heart Association.
- Truong, H., & Lee, K. S. (2012, Fall). Appropriateness Criteria for Coronary Angiogram. Catheterization Conference.
Poster Presentations
- Lee, K., William, P., & Low, S. W. (2017, spring). A rare case of Biventricular thrombi with severe biventricular heart failure due to cocaine abuse. American College of Physicians. Phoenix, AZ.
- Dhakal, B. P., Kumar, K., Lee, J. Z., Koester, S., Nanjundappa, A., & Lee, K. (2019, May). Composite Outcomes in Percutaneous Coronary Interventions with the Dedicated Bifurcating Tryton Side Branch Stent – A Systematic Review. SCAI 2019 Scientific Sessions. Las Vegas, NV: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions.
- Koester, S., Lee, J. Z., Lee, C. Y., Hsu, C. H., Dhakal, B., Dinh, H., Ranga, A., & Lee, K. (2019, March). Temporal Trends in Stent Coverage of Bioresorbable Polymer and Durable Polymer Drug-Eluting Stents: A Meta-analysis of Strut-Level Optical Coherene Tomography Data.. ACC 68th Annual Scientific Session & ExpoAmerican College of Cardiology (ACC).
- Tan, J. L., Lee, J. Z., Fong, H. K., Ali, U., Lee, K., & Raza, M. (2019, May). Incidence and Clinical Outcome of Incidental Findings in Initial Body Computed Tomography Prior to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SCAI 2019 Scientific Sessions. Las Vegas, NV: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions.
- Desai, R., Fong, H. K., Shah, B., Gupta, S., Zalavadia, D., Siddiq, W., Bhuva, R., Lee, K. S., Sachdeva, R., & Kumar, G. (2018, Sep). SAVR vs TAVR in patients with previous myocardial infarction: A nationwide propensity-matched analysis. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Diego, CA.
- Kumar, K., Kumar, K., Reddy, S., Reddy, S., Hashim, T., Hashim, T., Kazui, T., Kazui, T., Lee, K. S., Lee, K. S., Shetty, R., Shetty, R., Lotun, K., & Lotun, K. (2018, Sep). Feasibility of performing multivessel PCI through an Impella sheath. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Diego, CA.
- Lee, K. S., Koester, S., Dhakal, B., Lee, J. Z., Desai, R., Lotun, K., Shetty, R., & Kumar, G. (2018, Sep). Optical coherence tomography strut coverage temporal trend differences in STEMI vs stable patients within 1-year of implantation: Meta-analysis of current generation drug eluting stents. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Diego, CA.
- Pineda, J. T., Srinivasan, S., Blythe, A., Koester, B. S., Bhargava, R., Kern, K. B., & Lee, K. S. (2018, Sep). Effect of Allura Xpef FD20 ECO X-Ray image processing on radiation reduction during cardiac cardiac catheterization: A single center 717 case experience. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Diego, CA.
- Lee, K. S., Hudson, A., & Seckeler, M. (2017, January). Intravascular ultrasound in pulmonary vein stenosis interventions. Pediatric and Adult Interventional Cardiac Symposium 2017.
- Lee, K. S., Wilansky, S., Indik, J., & Fortuin, F. D. (2017, May). Regional Cardiology Fellowship Simulation Education. Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Annual Scientific Sessions. New Orleans, LA: Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions.
- Wong, W. X., Natarajan, B., Yousman, W., Huang, J., Lee, J. Z., Kern, K. B., & Lee, K. S. (2017, March). Coronary angiography simulation training improves image interpretation skills of trainees independent of their stage of training. American College of Cardiology 66th Annual Scientific Session. Washington, DC: American College of Cardiology.
- Wong, W. X., Natarajan, B., Yousman, W., Huang-Tsang, J., Lee, J. Z., Kern, K. B., Fortuin, F. D., & Lee, K. S. (2017, March). Randomized Controlled Trial of Coronary Angiography Interpretation Simulation Training as an Adjunct to Traditional Lecture-Based Learning. American College of Cardiology 66th Annual Scientific Session. Washington, DC: American College of Cardiology.
- Yousman, W., Lee, K. S., Howe, C. L., Fortuin, D., Lee, J. Z., Lee, K. S., Pasha, A., Wong, W. X., Yousman, W., Nyotowidjojo, I., Sargeant, J., Lee, J. Z., Wong, W. X., Howe, C. L., Howe, C. L., Sargeant, J., Nyotowidjojo, I., Sargeant, J., Wong, W. X., , Pasha, A., et al. (2017, March). Comparison of two-year outcomes in drug-eluting stents versus coronary artery bypass grafting for treatment of unprotected left main coronary artery disease in elderly patients: A meta-analysis.. American College of Cardiology 66th Annual Scientific Session. Washington, DC: American College of Cardiology.
- Anand, S., Howe, C. L., Lee, J., Anand, S., Reddy, S., Lee, J., Suryanarayana, P., Lee, K. S., Reddy, S., Howe, C. L., Doraiswamy, V., Suryanarayana, P., Doraiswamy, V., & Lee, K. S. (2016, May). Comparison of baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of registries from the United States from 1982 to 2007. American College of Cardiology 65th Annual Scientific Session. Chicago, IL: American College of Cardiology.
- Anand, S., Lee, J. Z., Reddy, S., Howe, C., Suryanarayana, P., Doraiswamy, V., & Lee, K. S. (2016, April). Comparison of baseline characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of Hispanic and non-Hispanic white patients in acute coronary syndromes: A meta-analysis of registries from the United States from 1982 to 2007. American College of Cardiology (ACC). Chicago, IL.
- Nyotowidjojo, I., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2016, May). Comparison of temporal trends in strut-level optical coherence tomography evaluation of durable polymer everolimus eluting stents and everoliumus eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffolds: A meta-analysis. Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Annual Scientific Sessions. Orlando, FL.
- Sundararajan, S., Lotun, K., Poongkunran, M., Lassar, T., Kannan, A., Lee, K. S., Kannan, A., Lee, K. S., Poongkunran, M., Lassar, T., Sundararajan, S., & Lotun, K. (2016, March). Comparison Of Drug Coated Balloons And Drug Eluting Stents In In-stent Restenosis- A Meta Analysis.. American College of Cardiology Scientific Sessions.
- Lee, J. Z., Nyotowidjojo, I., Seongseok, Y., Low, S. W., Truong, H. T., Slepian, M., Fortuin, D., & Lee, K. S. (2015, October). Comparison of adenosine and regadenoson for measurement of fractional flow reserve: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Francisco, CA.
- Lee, J. Z., Singh, N., Huang, J., Howe, C., Ortega, G., Golestani, S., Low, S. W., Lee, K. S., & Pandit, A. (2015, March). Colchicine for prevention of post-procedural atrial fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions. San Diego, CA.
- Rou Tey, K., Boyella, R., Kalra, N., Lee, J., Lee, K. S., & Lotun, K. (2014, January). CASE REPORT OF ILIOFEMORAL THROMBOSIS SECONDARY TO ILIAC COMPRESSION SYNDROME IN DOUBLE INFERIOR VENA CAVA. ISET Meeting. Miami, FL.
- Saurav, A., Alla, V. M., Oommen, C. J., Suryanarayana, P., Lee, K. S., Kaushik, M., & Del Core, M. (2014, May). Effect of cilostazol on restenosis rate and target lesion revascularization in femoro-popliteal endovascular intervention: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Annual Scientific Sessions. Las Vegas, NV.
- Singh, N., Lee, J. Z., Huang, J., Low, S. W., Pandit, A., Suryanarayana, P., & Lee, K. S. (2014, September). Benefit of statin pre-treatment in prevention of contrast induced nephropathy in different adult patient populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). Washington, DC.
- Tey, K. R., Boyella, R., Kalra, N., Lee, J. Z., Lee, K. S., & Lotun, K. (2014, February). Iliofemoral thrombosis secondary to iliac compression syndrome in double inferior vena cava. International Society of Endovascular Therapy. Phoenix, AZ.
- Irbaz Bin Riaz, F., Dhoble, A., Mizyed, A., Hsu, P., Husnain, M., Lotun, K., & Lee, K. S. (2013, May). TRANSCATHETER CLOSURE VS MEDICAL THERAPY FOR CRYPTOGENIC STROKE: A META-ANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS. Euro PCR. Paris, France.
- Lee, K. S., Lee, J. Z., Riaz, I., Husnain, M., Riaz, H., Lotun, K., & Kern, K. B. (2013, October). Strut level optical coherence tomography evaluation of coronary stent strut coverage: A systematic review. Transcatheter Therapeutics (TCT). San Francisco, CA.
- Lee, K. S., Lee, J., Irbaz Bin Riaz, F., Husnain, M., Riaz, H., Lotun, K., & Kern, K. B. (2013, October). STRUT LEVEL OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY EVALUATION OF CORONARY STENT STRUT COVERAGE TEMPORAL TRENDS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. TCT MEETING. San Francisco, CA.
- Riaz, I., Dhoble, A., Mizyed, A., Hsu, P., Husnain, M., Lotun, K., & Lee, K. S. (2013, May). Transcatheter closure vs. medical therapy for cryptogenic stroke: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Euro PCR. Paris, France.
- Dhawan, S. S., McDaniel, M., Kwarteng, C. A., Lee, K. S., Jeroudi, A. M., Kashlan, O. R., Galbraith, E. M., Nautiyal, V., Jones, D. P., Quyyumi, A. A., & Samady, H. S. (2009, March). Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers are determinants of coronary microvascular function. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions.
- Lee, K. S., Dhawan, S. S., Jeroudi, A. M., Kashlan, O., Krivitsky, E., Kwarteng, C., McDaniel, M., Samady, H. S., & Willis, P. (2009, May). Impaired coronary microvascular function is associated with greater plaque burden and necrotic core in patients with non-obstructive epicardial disease. Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions Annual Scientific Sessions. Las Vegas, NV.
- Gastwirth, V. G., Lee, K. S., Tadakki, H., Pinheiro, A. C., Khandheria, B. K., Abraham, T. P., & Lester, S. J. (2008, April). Quantification of mechanical dyssynchrony: Comparison between 2-dimensional speckle tracking and Doppler tissue imaging derivatives. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions. Chicago, IL.
- Lee, K. S., Reuss, C. S., Tadaaki, H., Jiamsripong, P., Baxter, C. M., Chen, S. C., Adam, T. J., Khandheria, B. K., & Lester, S. J. (2007, March). The effect of echocardiographic contrast on Velocity Vector Imaging myocardial tracking. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions. New Orleans, LA.
- Lee, K. S., Vianna, R., Buono, R., Morena, C. A., Keating, V. P., Baxter, C. M., & Appleton, C. P. (2006, September). Left atrial volumes, global left atrial strain and strain rate in normal hearts as assessed by 2-D echocardiography. 10th European Echo Congress.
- Umphrey, L. G., Lee, K. S., Reuss, C. S., Hentz, J. G., Vargas, H. E., Appleton, C. P., & Hurst, R. T. (2006, May). Dobutamine echocardiographic findings and adverse cardiac events in orthotopic liver transplant recipients. International Liver Transplantation Society. Chicago, IL.
- Vianna, R., Lee, K. S., Moreno, C. A., Baxter, C. M., Buono, R., & Appleton, C. P. (2006, October). Assessment of left atrial regional function using two dimensional strain. 61 Congresso SBC e XXII Congresso Sul-Americano de Cardiologia. Recife, Brazil.
- Archer, C. A., Lee, K. S., Puneet, G., Dodick, D. W., & Adler, C. (2004, April). Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome with Vasospasm and Cerebrospinal Fluid Pleocytosis. American College of Physicians. New Orleans, LA.
- Lee, K. S., Archer, C. A., Thompson, M. A., Thomas, S. E., & Demaerschalk, B. M. (2004, April). Polycythemia: A New Mechanism of Stroke Associated with Testosterone Abuse in an Athlete. American College of Physicians. New Orleans, LA.
- Lee, K. S., Lester, S. J., Moreno, C., & Appleton, C. P. (2002, June). Left atrial minimal indexed volume accurately distinguishes pseudonormal from normal diastolic filling patterns. American Society of Echocardiography.
- Lee, K. S., Mulvihill, N., Foley, J. B., Crean, P., & Walsh, M. (1999, September). Vascular inflammation and future ischemic events in acute coronary syndromes. European Society of Cardiology Congress. Barcelona, Spain: Dept. of Cardiology, St. James’s Hospital Dublin, Ireland.
- Lee, K. S., Mulvihill, N., Foley, J. B., Ghaisas, N., Murphy, R. T., Crean, P., & Walsh, M. (1999, March). Soluble Adhesion Molecule Expression in Acute Ischemic Syndromes. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions. New Orleans, LA.
- Lee, K. S., Murphy, R. T., Mulvihill, N., Foley, J. B., Crean, P., & Walsh, M. (1999, June). Soluble Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule as a Marker of Vessel Patency After Thrombolysis. British Cardiovascular Society Annual Scientific Conference. United Kingdom: Dept. of Cardiology, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
- Mulvihill, N., Foley, J. B., Murphy, R. T., Lee, K. S., Crean, P., & Walsh, M. (1999, March). A New Prognostic Marker for Unstable Angina and Subendocardial Myocardial Infarction. American College of Cardiology Annual Sessions. New Orleans, LA: Dept. of Cardiology, St. James’s Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
Case Studies
- Koester, S., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2016. Pulmonary hypertension secondary to partial anomalous pulmonary venous return in an elderly woman(p. 4).More infoStefan Koester, Justin Z. Lee, and Kwan S. Lee, “Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return in an Elderly,” Case Reports in Cardiology, vol. 2016, Article ID 8609282, 4 pages, 2016. doi:10.1155/2016/8609282
- Low, S. W., Lee, J. Z., & Lee, K. S. (2015. Abdominal aortic peripheral intervention to facilitate intra-aortic balloon pump support during high risk percutaneous coronary intervention: a case report(pp 15-20).
Others
- William, P., & Lee, K. (2016, spring). 24/7 Arizona Primary PCI Map. American College of Cardiology webpage.
- Reddy, S., Reddy, S., Lotun, K., Lotun, K., Shetty, R., Shetty, R., Lee, K. S., Lee, K. S., Kazui, T., & Kazui, T. (2017, October). Successful Treatment of Staphylococcus Aureus 28 X 11 mm Mycotic Aneurysm of the Proximal Left Anterior Descending Artery with Endovascular Coiling in High Risk Surgical Patient.. TCT 2017.
- Reddy, S., Reddy, S., Lotun, K., Lotun, K., Shetty, R., Shetty, R., Lee, K. S., Lee, K. S., Kazui, T., & Kazui, T. (2017, October). Transcutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement Within a Previously Placed Surgical and Transcutaneous Prosthetic Valves Under Peripheral Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Support (TandemLife) Hemodynamic Support in a High Risk Patient.. TCT 2017.
- Lee, K. S. (2000, May). Sing The Body Electric. Trinity Student Medical Journal / http://www.tcd.ie/tsmj/2000/2000PDF/Sing.PDF.