Jennifer M Segar

Interests

Teaching

Teaching medical students, residents, and fellows.

Research

Breast cancer Phase 1 clinical trialsPrevention of chemotherapy induced neuropathy Neoadjuvant clinical trials

Courses

No activities entered.

Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Segar, J. (2023). Oxylipins as Biomarkers for Aromatase Inhibitor-Induced Arthralgia (AIA) in Breast Cancer Patients. Metabolites
  
  

  Martinez JA, Wertheim BC, Roe DJ, Taljanovic MS, Chow HS, Chew W, Ehsani S, Jiralerspong S, Segar J, Chalasani P.   . 2023 Mar 20;13(3):452. doi: 10.3390/metabo13030452. PMID: 36984892; PMCID: PMC10052117

  . metabolites. doi:10.3390/metabo13030452
• Segar, J. M., Potluri, P., Paul, E. E., Ehsani, S., Jiralerspong, S., Roe, D., & Chalasani, P. (2022). Investigating keratinocyte growth factor hair serum for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced alopecia.. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 40(28_suppl), 240-240. doi:10.1200/jco.2022.40.28_suppl.240
• Bishop, M., Jacobs, E., Trejo, M., Segar, J., Habila, M., Msami, K., Mwaiselage, J., Sullivan, T., & Soliman, A. (2021). The Impact of Hormone Receptor Testing on Breast Cancer Treatment in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. tbd. doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-700718/v1
• Chalasani, P., Taljanovic, M., Segar, J., Farr, K., Win, H., Wertheim, B. C., Chu-Pilli, M., Ehsani, S., Roe, D. J., & Gimber, L. (2020). Diffuse tensor imaging of lower extremities: a novel MR imaging technique for chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Breast cancer research and treatment, 184(3), 771-778.
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  Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is caused by drug-induced damage to the axons which is not detected easily due to lack of reliable, clinically applicable modalities. Diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) allows for quantitative measurements of fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which have been shown to detect nerve injury by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
• Chu, M., Segar, J., Gimber, L., Win, H., Ehsani, S., & Chalasani, P. (2020). Abstract P3-08-27: Imaging predictors for development of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. Cancer Research, 80(4_Supplement), P3-08-27-P3-08-27. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs19-p3-08-27
• Segar, J. M., Pandey, R., Farr, K. J., Nagle, R., LeBeau, L., Gonzalez, V. J., & Chalasani, P. (2020). Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Pleomorphic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma. International journal of breast cancer, 2020, 8816824.
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  Pleomorphic invasive lobular carcinoma (PILC) is a distinct morphological and biologically aggressive variant of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). We hypothesized that was due to de novo activation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in PILC resulting in higher proliferation rate and markers of cell cycle activation. We identified PILC and ILC tumors and tested for PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation by immunohistochemistry (PTEN and pS6K1) and gene expression analysis (by Nanostring nCounter system). Proliferation index (Ki67) was elevated in 85% of PILCs compared to 20% of ILCs ( < 0.007). PTEN expression was high in all while pS6K1 was high in 8/9 PILCs compared to 3/9 ILCs ( < 0.007). Gene expression analysis shows that PILCs have overexpression of genes involved in cell cycle proliferation, cellular proliferation, DNA damage, and repair genes but no difference in PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway genes. PILCs are a biologically distinct group of ILC, and clinicopathological characteristics suggest they would have a more clinically aggressive behavior. In addition, our results indicate that PI3k/Akt/mTOR pathway and cell cycle proliferation are activated in majority of these tumors. Further studies are needed to investigate these mechanisms as there are approved therapies available that may benefit PILCs.
• Segar, J., & Shroff, R. T. (2020). Charging forward in locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 5(3), 234-236.
• Segar, J., Pander, R. P., Farr, K., Nagle, R., LeBeau, L., Gonzalez, V. J., & Chalasani, P. (2020). Clinicopathological and Molecular Characteristics of Pleoorphic Invasive Lobular Carcinoma. International Journal Breast Cancer. doi:10.1155/2020/8816824
• Segar, J. M., Reed, D., Stopeck, A., Livingston, R. B., & Chalasani, P. (2019). A Phase II Study of Irinotecan and Etoposide as Treatment for Refractory Metastatic Breast Cancer. The oncologist, 24(12), 1512-e1267.
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  The combination of irinotecan and etoposide showed modest efficacy in terms of response rate in the refractory setting for patients with metastatic breast cancer.The studied dose and schedule of irinotecan and etoposide is very toxic, with >70% grade 3 or 4 treatment-related adverse events.
• Maher, K. R., Anwer, F., Segar, J., Amaraneni, A., Bartels, T., Okolo, O., Rettew, A. C., & McBride, A. (2018). Elderly AML: A Five-Year Retrospective Review on Prognostic Features. Blood, 132(Supplement 1), 5187-5187. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-99-111418
• Tager, D., Hatch, A., Segar, J., Roller, B., Al Mohajer, M., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2017). Coccidioidal meningitis complicated by central nervous system vasculitis in a patient with leukemia. Medical mycology case reports, 16, 8-11.
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  Central Nervous System (CNS) vasculitis is the most common life-threatening complication of coccidioidal meningitis. It is manifested by cerebral ischemia, hemorrhage, and infarction. We report a case of CNS vasculitis in a patient receiving chemotherapy and review of the literature on coccidioidal meningitis. The patient was treated with combination antifungal therapy and a short course of high dose corticosteroids with a modest improvement in her neurological examination after initiation of steroids.
• Baker, A., Segar, J., MacKerricher, W., Nagle, R., Livingston, R., Clarke, K., Ley, M., Viscusi, R., Gonzalez, V., LeBeau, L., & Chalasani, P. (2016). Abstract P6-04-10: Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of pleomorphic invasive lobular carcinoma of breast. Cancer Research, 76(4_Supplement), P6-04-10-P6-04-10. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p6-04-10
• Chalasani, P., Segar, J. M., Marron, M., & Stopeck, A. (2016). Pathophysiology of tumour-induced microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia. BMJ case reports, 2016.
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  Cancer-associated microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia (CA-MAHA) is a syndrome characterised by Coombs-negative haemolytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia. It is primarily seen in advanced solid tumours and is distinct from thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura/haemolytic uraemic syndrome. Diagnosis is often delayed and patients have a high mortality. We present the case of CA-MAHA in a patient with metastatic breast cancer treated successfully with early initiation of chemotherapy. In addition, we report longitudinal laboratory evaluation of circulating tumour cells and microparticles and suggest a hypothesis for the mechanism behind CA-MAHA.
• Chalasani, P., Segar, J., & Stopeck, A. (2016). Pathophysiology of tumour-induced microangiopthic haemolytic anaemia. BMJ Case Report.
• Yun, S., Vincelette, N. D., Segar, J. M., Dong, Y., Shen, Y., Kim, D. W., & Abraham, I. (2016). Comparative Effectiveness of Newer Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Versus Imatinib in the First-Line Treatment of Chronic-Phase Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Across Risk Groups: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Eight Randomized Trials. Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia, 16(6), e85-94.
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  BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have significantly improved the survival outcomes for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). In addition to imatinib, 3 newer generation TKIs (NG-TKIs) have been approved as first-line treatment of chronic phase (CP)-CML. These have been preferably used in patients with CP-CML with a high Sokal or Hasford risk score. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the outcomes with NG-TKIs as a category versus imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed CP-CML and to indirectly compare the efficacy of NG-TKIs among each other. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of the risk scores on the complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR).
• Segar, J., Yun, S., & Vincelette, N. (2015). Outcome comparison of allogeneic vs. autologous stem cell transplantation in transformed low grade lymphoid malignancies: A meta-analysis of comparative studies.. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 33(15_suppl), 8566-8566. doi:10.1200/jco.2015.33.15_suppl.8566

Poster Presentations

• Reed, D. E., Pandey, R., Segar, J., Chu, M., LeBeau, L., & Chalasani, P. (2019, December/Winter). Gene Expression changes with neoadjuvant hormnal treatment. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium/Conference. San Antonio, TX: SABCS.
• Winn, H., Gimber, L., Segar, J., Chu, M., Ehsani, S., & Chalasani, P. (2019, December/Winter). Imaging predictors for development of chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy. San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. San Antonio, TX: SABCS.