Tyler D Robinson

Interests

No activities entered.

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Catling, D. C., Krissansen-Totton, J., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Potential Technosignature from Anomalously Low Deuterium/Hydrogen in Planetary Water Depleted by Nuclear Fusion Technology. Astrophysical Journal, 979(Issue 2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad99a9
  More info

  Deuterium-deuterium (DD) fusion is viewed as an ideal energy source for humanity in the far future, given a vast seawater supply of D. Here, we consider long-lived, extraterrestrial, technological societies that develop DD fusion. If such a society persisted over geologic timescales, oceanic deuterium would diminish. For an ocean mass and initial deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratio that were Earth-like, fusion power use of only ∼10 times that projected for humankind next century would deplete the D/H ratio in ∼(a few) ×108 yr to values below that of the local interstellar medium (ISM). Ocean masses of a few percent of Earth’s would reach an anomalously low D/H in ∼106-107 yr. The timescale shortens with greater energy consumption, smaller oceans, or lower initial D/H. Here, we suggest that anomalous D/H in planetary water below local ISM values of ∼16 × 10−6 (set by Big Bang nucleosynthesis plus deuterium loss onto dust or small admixtures of deuterium-poor stellar material) may be a technosignature. Unlike SETI using radio signals, anomalous D/H would persist for eons, even if civilizations perished or relocated. We discuss the wavelengths of strong absorption features for detecting D/H anomalies in atmospheric water vapor. These are vibrational O-D stretching at 3.7 μm in transmission spectroscopy of Earth-like worlds, ∼1.5 μm (in the wings of the 1.4 μm water band) in the shorter near-infrared for direct imaging by the Habitable Worlds Observatory, and ∼7.5-8 μm (in the wings of the broad 6.3 μm bending vibration of water) for concepts like the Large Interferometer for Exoplanets.
• Catling, D. C., Krissansen-Totton, J., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Potential Technosignature from Anomalously Low Deuterium/Hydrogen in Planetary Water Depleted by Nuclear Fusion Technology. \apj, 979(2), 137.
• Cooper, C., Robinson, T. D., Barnes, J. W., Mayorga, L. C., & Robinthal, L. (2025). Extreme Forward Scattering Observed in Disk-averaged Near-infrared Phase Curves of Titan. Planetary Science Journal, 6(Issue 10). doi:10.3847/psj/ae071f
  More info

  Titan, with its thick and hazy atmosphere, is a key world in our solar system for understanding light scattering processes. NASA’s Cassini mission monitored Titan between 2004 and 2017, where the derived data set includes a large number of whole disk observations. Once spatially integrated, these whole disk observations reveal Titan’s phase-dependent brightness, which can serve as an analog for how hazy worlds might appear around other stars. To explore Titan’s phase curve, we present a pipeline for whole disk Titan observations acquired by the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) spanning 0.9–5.1 μm. Application of the pipeline finds over 4400 quality spatially and spectrally resolved data cubes that were then integrated over Titan’s disk to yield phase curves spanning 2°–165° in phase angle. Spectra at near-full phase provide a useful approximation for Titan’s geometric albedo, thus extending the spectral coverage of previous work. Crescent phase brightness enhancements in the Cassini/VIMS phase curves are often more extreme than analogous results seen at optical wavelengths, which can be explained by atmospheric transparency and haze scattering processes. These results provide validation opportunities for exoplanet-focused spectral models and also shed light on how extreme aerosol forward scattering could influence exoplanet observations and interpretations.
• Cooper, C., Robinson, T. D., Barnes, J. W., Mayorga, L., & Robinthal, L. (2025). Extreme Forward Scattering Observed in Disk-averaged Near-infrared Phase Curves of Titan. \psj, 6(10), 228.
• Cowan, N. B., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Hu, R., Mayorga, L. C., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Detecting Surface Liquid Water on Exoplanets. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2507.03071.
• Deitrick, R., Goldblatt, C., Wolf, E. T., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Oxidizing ExoCAM: Introducing the Radiative Effects of Oxygen and Ozone into the ExoCAM General Circulation Model. Planetary Science Journal, 6(Issue 1). doi:10.3847/psj/ad9900
  More info

  Oxygen and ozone are two of the most important gases in Earth’s atmosphere. These arose as a result of photosynthesis and appeared prominently around 2.3-2.4 billion yr ago. For exoplanets, these species have been proposed both as remote biosignatures and antibiosignatures, depending on the abundances and astrophysical context. ExoCAM, an extension of the Community Earth System Model for deep paleoclimate and exoplanets, has previously been limited to anoxic atmospheres. This work presents a substantial update to the radiative transfer in ExoCAM to include the effects of oxygen and ozone. We describe the implementation of line lists, empirical cross sections, Rayleigh scattering, and collision-induced absorption and test the resulting framework in 1D and 3D for the modern Earth atmosphere. We quantify the changes in flux, temperatures, and circulation due to the two gases.
• Deitrick, R., Goldblatt, C., Wolf, E. T., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Oxidizing ExoCAM: Introducing the Radiative Effects of Oxygen and Ozone into the ExoCAM General Circulation Model. \psj, 6(1), 8.
• Fernandez, D., Kim, S., & Robinson, T. (2025). Standard fog collector and dual FM-120 comparisons. Atmospheric Research, 315, 107869.
• Gialluca, M. T., Arenberg, J. W., Stark, C., Shepherd, B., Meadows, V. S., Roberge, A., Robinson, T. D., & Podgurski, R. (2025). Shedding Light on Large Space-Based Telescopes: Modeling Stray Light due to Primary Mirror Damage from Micrometeoroid Impacts. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2512.10915.
• Hu, R., Min, M., Millar-Blanchaer, M., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Robinson, T., Burt, J., Coustenis, A., Damiano, M., Dong, C., Dressing, C., Fossati, L., Kane, S., Kelkar, S., Lichtenberg, T., Ruffio, J., Sur, D., Tokadjian, A., & Turbet, M. (2025). Identifying rocky planets and water worlds among sub-Neptune-sized exoplanets with the Habitable Worlds Observatory. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2509.16798.
• King}, D., McAdams, R., Ash, A., Balshaw, C., Barth, A., {\'Ciri\'c}, D., Deakin, K., Delabie, E., El-Haroun, H. .., Fan, J., Flinders, K., Jones, T., Keeling, D., King, R., Marsden, S., Merriman, S., Nicassio, M., Robinson, T., Saigiridhari, A., , Shepherd, A., et al. (2025). Neutral beam operations for JET TT and DT campaigns. Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion, 67(9), 095017.
• Krissansen-Totton, J., Ulses, A. G., Frissell, M., Gilbert-Janizek, S., Young, A., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Robinson, T., Olson, S., Alei, E., Arney, G., Hagee, C., Harman, C., Hinkel, N., Lafleche, E., Latouf, N., Mandell, A., Moussa, M. M., Parenteau, N., Ranjan, S., , Russell, B., et al. (2025). Wavelength Requirements for Life Detection via Reflected Light Spectroscopy of Rocky Exoplanets. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2507.14771.
• Roberge, A., Rizzo, M. J., Lincowski, A. P., Arney, G. N., Stark, C. C., Robinson, T. D., Snyder, G. F., Pueyo, L., Zimmerman, N. T., Jansen, T., Nesvold, E. R., Meadows, V. S., & Turnbull, M. C. (2025). Haystacks: High-fidelity planetary system models for simulating exoplanet imaging.
• Salvador, A., & Robinson, T. D. (2025). Earth Analogs in Reflected Light: Insights from Early Spectral Characterization in Unconstrained Orbits. \apj, 995(2), 173.
• Ulses, A. G., Krissansen-Totton, J., Robinson, T. D., Meadows, V., Catling, D. C., & Fortney, J. J. (2025). Detecting Land with Reflected-light Spectroscopy to Rule Out Waterworld O$_2$ Biosignature False Positives. \apj, 990(1), 48.
• Ulses, A. G., Krissansen-Totton, J., Robinson, T. D., Meadows, V., Catling, D. C., & Fortney, J. J. (2025). Detecting Land with Reflected-light Spectroscopy to Rule Out Waterworld O2 Biosignature False Positives. Astrophysical Journal, 990(Issue 1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/adec69
  More info

  The search for life outside our solar system is at the forefront of modern astronomy, and telescopes such as the Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) are being designed to identify biosignatures. Molecular oxygen, O2, is considered a promising indication of life, yet substantial abiotic O2 may accumulate from H2O photolysis and hydrogen escape on a lifeless, fully (100%) ocean-covered terrestrial planet when surface O2 sinks are suppressed. This so-called waterworld false-positive scenario could be ruled out with land detection because exposed land precludes extremely deep oceans (∼50 Earth oceans) given topographic limits set by the crushing strength of rocks. Land detection is possible because plausible geologic surfaces exhibit increasing reflectance with wavelength in the visible, whereas liquid water and ice/snow have flat or decreasing reflectance, respectively. Here, we present reflected-light retrievals to demonstrate that HWO could detect land on an exo-Earth in the disk-averaged spectrum. Given a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 20 spectrum, Earth-like land fractions can be confidently detected with 0.3-1.1 μm spectral coverage (resolution R ∼ 140 in the visible, R ∼ 7 in the UV, with Earth-like atmosphere and clouds). We emphasize the need for UV spectroscopy down to at least 0.3 μm to break an O3-land degeneracy. We find that the SNR and resolution requirements in the visible/UV imply a large aperture (∼8 m) will be necessary to ensure the observing times required for land detection are feasible for most HWO terrestrial habitable zone targets. These results strongly inform the HWO minimum requirements to corroborate possible oxygen biosignatures.
• Van, G. K., Anche, R. M., Mendillo, C. B., Gersh-Range, J., Hathaway, G., Kalyani, S. S., Hom, J., Robinson, T. D., N'Diaye, M., Lewis, N. K., Macintosh, B., & Douglas, E. S. (2025). Progress toward a demonstration of high contrast imaging at ultraviolet wavelengths. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2509.09780.
• Van, G. K., Anche, R. M., Mendillo, C. B., Gersh-Range, J., Hom, J., Robinson, T. D., N'Diaye, M., Lewis, N. K., Macintosh, B., & Douglas, E. S. (2025). Performance predictions and contrast limits for an ultraviolet high contrast imaging testbed. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2503.14691.
• Wogan, N. F., Batalha, N. E., Zahnle, K., Krissansen-Totton, J., Catling, D. C., Wolf, E. T., Robinson, T. D., Meadows, V., Arney, G., & Domagal-Goldman, S. (2025). The Open-source Photochem Code: A General Chemical and Climate Model for Interpreting (Exo)Planet Observations. Planetary Science Journal, 6(Issue 11). doi:10.3847/psj/ae0e1c
  More info

  With the launch of the James Webb Space Telescope, we are firmly in the era of exoplanet atmosphere characterization. Understanding exoplanet spectra requires atmospheric simulations that span the diversity of planetary atmospheres. Here we present Photochem, a more general chemical and climate model developed for this purpose. We benchmark the open-source, 1D code against the observed compositions and climates of Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Titan with a single set of kinetics, thermodynamics and opacities. We also model the chemistry of the hot Jupiter exoplanet WASP-39b. All simulations are open-source and reproducible. To first order, Photochem broadly reproduces the gas-phase chemistry and pressure−temperature profiles of all six planets. The largest model−data discrepancies are found in Venus’s sulfur chemistry, motivating future experimental work on sulfur kinetics and spacecraft missions to Venus. We also find that clouds and hazes are important for the energy balance of Venus, Earth, Mars, and Titan and that accurately predicting aerosols with Photochem is challenging. Finally, we benchmark Photochem against the popular VULCAN and HELIOS photochemistry and climate models, finding excellent agreement for the same inputs; we also find that Photochem simulates atmospheres from 2× to ∼102× more efficiently. These results show that Photochem provides a comparatively general description of atmospheric chemistry and physics that can be leveraged to study solar system worlds or interpret telescope observations of exoplanets.
• Wogan, N. F., Batalha, N. E., Zahnle, K., Krissansen-Totton, J., Catling, D. C., Wolf, E. T., Robinson, T. D., Meadows, V., Arney, G., & Domagal-Goldman, S. (2025). The Open-source Photochem Code: A General Chemical and Climate Model for Interpreting (Exo)Planet Observations. \psj, 6(11), 256.
• Young, A. V., Robinson, T. D., Krissansen-Totton, J., Schwieterman, E. W., Arney, G., Lindberg, G. E., & Thomas, C. (2025). Modern Earth-like Chemical Disequilibrium Biosignatures are Challenging to Constrain through Spectroscopic Retrievals. Astrophysical Journal, 986(Issue 2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/addbd7
  More info

  Robust exoplanet characterization studies are underway, and the community is looking ahead toward developing observational strategies to search for life beyond our solar system. With the development of life detection approaches like searching for atmospheric chemical species indicative of life, chemical disequilibrium has also been proposed as a potentially key signature for life. Chemical disequilibrium can arise from the production of waste gases due to biological processes and can be quantified using a metric known as the available Gibbs free energy. The main goal of this study was to explore the detectability of chemical disequilibrium for a modern Earth-like analog. Atmospheric retrievals coupled to a thermodynamics model were used to determine posterior distributions for the available Gibbs free energy given simulated observations at various noise levels. In reflected light, chemical disequilibrium signals were difficult to detect and limited by the constraints on the CH4 abundance, which was challenging to constrain for a modern Earth case with simulated observations spanning ultraviolet through near-infrared wavelengths with V band signal-to-noise ratios of 10, 20, and 40. For a modern Earth analog orbiting a late-type M dwarf, we simulated transit observations with the James Webb Space Telescope Mid-Infrared Instrument and found that tight constraints on the available Gibbs free energy can be achieved, but only at extremely low noise on the order of several parts per million. This study serves as further proof of concept for remotely inferring chemical disequilibrium biosignatures and should be included in continuing to build life detection strategies for future exoplanet characterization missions.
• Alei}, E., Quanz, S., Konrad, B., Garvin, E., Kofman, V., Mandell, A., Angerhausen, D., Molli{\`ere}, P., Meyer, M., Robinson, T., Rugheimer, S., & Collaboration, {. L. (2024). Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (LIFE): XIII. The value of combining thermal emission and reflected light for the characterization of Earth twins. \aap, 689, A245.
• Borges, S. R., Jones, G. G., & Robinson, T. D. (2024). Detectability of Surface Biosignatures for Directly Imaged Rocky Exoplanets. Astrobiology, 24(3), 283-299.
• Limbach, M. A., Lustig-Yaeger, J., Vanderburg, A., Vos, J. M., Heller, R., & Robinson, T. D. (2024). Exomoons and Exorings with the Habitable Worlds Observatory. I. On the Detection of Earth\textendashMoon Analog Shadows and Eclipses. \aj, 168(2), 57.
• Lustig-Yaeger, J., Robinson, T., & Arney, G. (2024). coronagraph: Python noise model for directly imaging exoplanets.
• Mang, J., Morley, C. V., Robinson, T. D., & Gao, P. (2024). Microphysical Prescriptions for Parameterized Water Cloud Formation on Ultra-cool Substellar Objects. \apj, 974(2), 190.
• Robinson, T. D. (2024). Exoplanet Analog Observations of Earth from Galileo Disk-integrated Photometry. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2024). Inferring chemical disequilibrium biosignatures for Proterozoic Earth-like exoplanets. Nature Astronomy.
• Robinson, T. D. (2024). Retrievals Applied to a Decision Tree Framework Can Characterize Earthlike Exoplanet Analogs. The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T., Stapelfeldt, K., & Marley, M. (2024). coronagraph\_noise: Coronagraph noise modeling routines.
• Salvador, A., Robinson, T. D., Fortney, J. J., & Marley, M. S. (2024). Influence of Orbit and Mass Constraints on Reflected Light Characterization of Directly Imaged Rocky Exoplanets. \apjl, 969(1), L22.
• Stark, C. C., Mennesson, B., Bryson, S., Ford, E. B., Robinson, T. D., Belikov, R., Bolcar, M. R., Feinberg, L. D., Guyon, O., Latouf, N., Mandell, A. M., Rauscher, B. J., Sirbu, D., & Tuchow, N. W. (2024). Paths to robust exoplanet science yield margin for the Habitable Worlds Observatory. Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems, 10, 034006.
• Windsor, J. D., Robinson, T. D., Kopparapu, R. k., Salvador, A., Young, A. V., & Meadows, V. S. (2024). Inner Edge Habitable Zone Limits Around Main Sequence Stars: Cloudy Estimates. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2401.12204.
• Wolfe, C., & Robinson, T. (2024). Using synthetic disk-integrated reflectance spectra to constrain direct imaging sensitivity requirements for a Mars-like exoplanet. \planss, 250, 105944.
• Yang, H., Komacek, T. D., Toon, O. B., Wolf, E. T., Robinson, T. D., Chael, C., & Abbot, D. S. (2024). Impact of Planetary Parameters on Water Clouds Microphysics. \apj, 966(2), 152.
• Robinson, T. D. (2023). A Radiative-convective Model for Terrestrial Planets with Self-consistent Patchy Clouds . The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2023). Constraining Background N2 Inventories on Directly Imaged Terrestrial Exoplanets to Rule Out O2 False Positives. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2023). Corrigendum: “Characterizing Atmospheres of Transiting Earth-like Exoplanets Orbiting M Dwarfs with James Webb Space Telescope” (2021, PASP, 133, 054401). Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
• Robinson, T. D. (2023). Earth as a Transiting Exoplanet: A Validation of Transmission Spectroscopy and Atmospheric Retrieval Methodologies for Terrestrial Exoplanets. The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2023). Exploring and Validating Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals with Solar System Analog Observations. The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2022). Detecting Oceans on Exoplanets with Phase-dependent Spectral Principal Component Analysis. The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2022). Erratum: “Evolved Climates and Observational Discriminants for the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary System” (2018, ApJ, 867, 76). The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2021). Characterizing Atmospheres of Transiting Earth-like Exoplanets Orbiting M Dwarfs with James Webb Space Telescope. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
• Robinson, T. D. (2021). Impact of Water-latent Heat on the Thermal Structure of Ultra-cool Objects: Brown Dwarfs and Free-floating Planets. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2021). Probing the Capability of Future Direct-imaging Missions to Spectrally Constrain the Frequency of Earth-like Planets. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2021). Titan in Transit: Ultraviolet Stellar Occultation Observations Reveal a Complex Atmospheric Structure. The Planetary Science Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2021). Variable Irradiation on 1D Cloudless Eccentric Exoplanet Atmospheres. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2020). Compaction of Porous H2O Ice via Energetic Electrons. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2020). Detecting and Characterizing Water Vapor in the Atmospheres of Earth Analogs through Observation of the 0.94 μm Feature in Reflected Light. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2019). A simple model for radiative and convective fluxes in planetary atmospheres. Icarus.
• Robinson, T. D. (2019). Earthshine as an illumination source at the Moon. Icarus.
• Robinson, T. D. (2019). Simulated Direct Imaging Detection of Water Vapor For Exo-Earths. Research Notes of the AAS.
• Robinson, T. D. (2019). Six Years of Sustained Activity in (6478) Gault. The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
• Robinson, T. D. (2019). coronagraph: Telescope Noise Modeling for Exoplanets in Python. Journal of Open Source Software.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). Characterizing Earth Analogs in Reflected Light: Atmospheric Retrieval Studies for Future Space Telescopes. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). Detecting Ocean Glint on Exoplanets Using Multiphase Mapping. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). Evolved Climates and Observational Discriminants for the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary System. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). Linearized Flux Evolution (LiFE): A technique for rapidly adapting fluxes from full-physics radiative transfer models. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). The Habitability of Proxima Centauri b: Environmental States and Observational Discriminants. Astrobiology.
• Robinson, T. D. (2018). exocartographer: A Bayesian Framework for Mapping Exoplanets in Reflected Light. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). A Theory of Exoplanet Transits with Light Scattering. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Atmospheric Retrieval for Direct Imaging Spectroscopy of Gas Giants in Reflected Light. II. Orbital Phase and Planetary Radius. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Detecting Proxima b’s Atmosphere withJWSTTargeting CO₂at 15μm Using a High-pass Spectral Filtering Technique. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Finding the Needles in the Haystacks: High-fidelity Models of the Modern and Archean Solar System for Simulating Exoplanet Observations. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Implications for Planetary System Formation from Interstellar Object 1I/2017 U1 (‘Oumuamua). The Astrophysical Journal Letters.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Observing the Atmospheres of Known Temperate Earth-sized Planets with JWST. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2017). Sulfur Hazes in Giant Exoplanet Atmospheres: Impacts on Reflected Light Spectra. The Astronomical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2016). Characterizing Rocky and Gaseous Exoplanets with 2 m Class Space-based Coronagraphs. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.
• Robinson, T. D. (2016). IS THE PALE BLUE DOT UNIQUE? OPTIMIZED PHOTOMETRIC BANDS FOR IDENTIFYING EARTH-LIKE EXOPLANETS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2015). DETECTING AND CONSTRAINING N₂ABUNDANCES IN PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES USING COLLISIONAL PAIRS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2015). On the Cool Side: Modeling the Atmospheres of Brown Dwarfs and Giant Planets. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics.
  More info

  The atmosphere of a brown dwarf or extrasolar giant planet controls the spectrum of radiation emitted by the object and regulates its cooling over time. Although the study of these atmospheres has been informed by decades of experience modeling stellar and planetary atmospheres, the distinctive characteristics of these objects present unique challenges to forward modeling. In particular, complex chemistry arising from molecule-rich atmospheres, molecular opacity line lists (sometimes running to 10 billion absorption lines or more), multiple cloud-forming condensates, and disequilibrium chemical processes all combine to create a challenging task for any modeling effort. This review describes the process of incorporating these complexities into one-dimensional radiative-convective equilibrium models of substellar objects. We discuss the underlying mathematics as well as the techniques used to model the physics, chemistry, radiative transfer, and other processes relevant to understanding these atmospheres. The review focuses on methods for creating atmosphere models and briefly presents some comparisons of model predictions to data. Current challenges in the field and some comments on the future conclude the review.
• Robinson, T. D. (2015). STABILITY OF CO₂ATMOSPHERES ON DESICCATED M DWARF EXOPLANETS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2015). THE CENTER OF LIGHT: SPECTROASTROMETRIC DETECTION OF EXOMOONS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). ABIOTIC OZONE AND OXYGEN IN ATMOSPHERES SIMILAR TO PREBIOTIC EARTH. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). Common 0.1 bar tropopause in thick atmospheres set by pressure-dependent infrared transparency. Nature Geoscience.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). DETECTION OF OCEAN GLINT AND OZONE ABSORPTION USING LCROSS EARTH OBSERVATIONS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). MAXIMIZING THE ExoEarth CANDIDATE YIELD FROM A FUTURE DIRECT IMAGING MISSION. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). SPECTRUM-DRIVEN PLANETARY DEGLACIATION DUE TO INCREASES IN STELLAR LUMINOSITY. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). Spatially resolved measurements of H₂O, HCl, CO, OCS, SO₂, cloud opacity, and acid concentration in the Venus near-infrared spectral windows. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). TEMPERATURE FLUCTUATIONS AS A SOURCE OF BROWN DWARF VARIABILITY. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). Titan solar occultation observations reveal transit spectra of a hazy world. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
  More info

  Significance Hazes dramatically influence exoplanet observations by obscuring deeper atmospheric layers. This effect is especially pronounced in transit spectroscopy, which probes an exoplanet’s atmosphere as it crosses the disk of its host star. However, exoplanet observations are typically noisy, which hinders our ability to disentangle haze effects from other processes. Here, we turn to Titan, an extremely well-studied world with a hazy atmosphere, to better understand how high-altitude hazes can impact exoplanet transit observations. We use data from National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Cassini mission, which observed occultations of the Sun by Titan’s atmosphere, to effectively view Titan in transit. These new data challenge our understanding of how hazes influence exoplanet transit observations, and provide a means of testing proposed approaches for exoplanet characterization.
• Robinson, T. D. (2014). Warming early Mars with CO2 and H2. Nature Geoscience.
• Robinson, T. D. (2013). HABITABLE ZONES AROUND MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS: NEW ESTIMATES. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2013). Low simulated radiation limit for runaway greenhouse climates. Nature Geoscience.
• Robinson, T. D. (2013). The Effect of Host Star Spectral Energy Distribution and Ice-Albedo Feedback on the Climate of Extrasolar Planets. Astrobiology.
• Robinson, T. D. (2012). AN ANALYTIC RADIATIVE-CONVECTIVE MODEL FOR PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2011). Earth as an Extrasolar Planet: Earth Model Validation Using EPOXI Earth Observations. Astrobiology.
• Robinson, T. D. (2011). MODELING THE INFRARED SPECTRUM OF THE EARTH-MOON SYSTEM: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF EARTHLIKE EXTRASOLAR PLANETS AND THEIR MOONLIKE COMPANIONS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2011). Properties of an Earth-Like Planet Orbiting a Sun-Like Star: Earth Observed by the EPOXI Mission. Astrobiology.
• Robinson, T. D. (2011). ROTATIONAL VARIABILITY OF EARTH'S POLAR REGIONS: IMPLICATIONS FOR DETECTING SNOWBALL PLANETS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2011). VIEWS FROMEPOXI: COLORS IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM AS AN ANALOG FOR EXTRASOLAR PLANETS. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2010). DETECTING OCEANS ON EXTRASOLAR PLANETS USING THE GLINT EFFECT. The Astrophysical Journal.
• Robinson, T. D. (2009). ALIEN MAPS OF AN OCEAN-BEARING WORLD. The Astrophysical Journal.

Proceedings Publications

• Morgan, R., Turmon, M., Damiano, M., Savransky, D., Hu, R., Mennesson, B., Mamajek, E., Robinson, T., & Tokadjian, A. (2025, jan). HWO architectures that achieve 25 exo-Earth spectra in the visible, NIR and NUV. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#245, 245.
• Petzold, G., Montmessin, F., Alday, J., Verdier, L., Millour, E., Robinson, T., & Robinthal, L. (2025, sep). A twelve-year survey of the HDO and H2O cycles using the Mars Planetary Climate Model from MY26 to MY37. In EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2025, 2025.
• Robinthal, L., Robinson, T. D., Koskinen, T., Montemessin, F., & Petzold, G. (2025, sep). Clearing the Air: Solar System Bodies as Windows into the Impact of Aerosols on Exoplanet Atmospheric Retrievals. In EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting 2025, 2025.
• Windsor, J., & Robinson, T. (2025, jan). Cloud Radiative Influences On The Edges of Habitability. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#245, 245.
• Windsor, J., Robinson, T., & Kopparapu, R. (2025, jun). On Clouded Outer Edge Worlds. In 246th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society, 246.
• Young, A., Arney, G., Robinson, T., Domagal-Goldman, S., & Stark, C. (2025, jan). Detecting O$_3$ in the UV with HWO and Addressing SO$_2$ as a Spectral False Positive. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts \#245, 245.
• Foote, S., Robinson, T., Yelle, R., & Koskinen, T. (2024, feb). Solving the Mesosphere Mystery: Modeling the Middle Atmospheres of Hot Jupiters and Beyond. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, 243.
• Morgan, R., Savransky, D., Damiano, M., Hu, R., Mennesson, B., Mamajek, E., Turmon, M., Tokadjian, A., & Robinson, T. (2024, feb). Exo-Earth yield for Habitable Worlds Observatory in the near-ultraviolet. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, 243.
• Morgan, R., Savransky, D., Turmon, M., Damiano, M., Hu, R., Mennesson, B., Mamajek, E. E., Robinson, T. D., & Tokadjian, A. (2024, aug). HWO yield sensitivities in the NIR and NUV. In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave, 13092.
• Savransky, D., Bailey, V. P., Wolff, S. G., Millar-Blanchaer, M. A., Wang, J., Altinier, L., Anche, R., Baudoz, P., Biller, B., Blunt, S., Brandner, W., Brinjikji, M., Carri{\'on-Gonz\'alez}, O., Chavez, A., Choquet, E., Doelman, D., Girard, J. H., Greenbaum, A. Z., Hasler, S. N., , Hom, J., et al. (2024, aug). The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope coronagraph community participation program. In Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2024: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave, 13092.
• Thieberger, C., Robinson, T., & Hanley, J. (2024, apr). Characterization of Hazy Planetary Atmospheres. In AAS/Division for Extreme Solar Systems Abstracts, 56.
• Ulses, A. G., Robinson, T., Meadows, V., Catling, D., Fourtney, J., & Krissansen-Totton, J. (2024, apr). Investigating HWO capabilities needed to rule out waterworld oxygen biosignature false positives. In AAS/Division for Extreme Solar Systems Abstracts, 56.
• Young, A., Robinson, T., Arney, G., & Domagal-Goldman, S. (2024, feb). Examining Chemical Disequilibrium Biosignatures and Observational Strategies for Earth-like Exoplanets. In American Astronomical Society Meeting Abstracts, 243.