Mohanad Mohammed Al-Obaidi

Interests

Research

Dr. Al-Obaidi’s research interest focuses on the infections in the immunocompromised population, especially within the solid organ and bone marrow transplantation populations. He is currently working on multiple projects studying invasive fungal infections and Cytomegalovirus infection in solid organ transplant patients. His work will help better understand the risk factors and methods to prevent infectious complications in transplant patients. Outside the field of transplant infectious diseases, Dr. Al-Obaidi is interested in studying fungal infections, including Candidiasis, invasive mold infection, and antifungal resistance. Dr. Al-Obaidi is also involved in multiple clinical trials studying investigational drugs against CMV and fungal infections.

Courses

No activities entered.

Scholarly Contributions

Chapters

• Al-Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2021). Evolving Epidemiology of Transplant Infections: Impact of Population Shifts and Climate Change. In Emerging Transplant Infections(pp 83–97). Springer, Cham. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25869-6_4

Journals/Publications

• Abu Hassan, F., Al Obaidi, M., Al-Hilli, Y., Al-Jobory, O., Hallak, A., Holder, K., Mohammed, B., Nahapetyan, L., Rasheed, W., Tawfeeq, Y., & Wright, S. (2024). The Effect of Perioperative Cimetidine on the Outcomes of Stage 2 Melanoma. South Asian J Cancer. doi:10.1055/s-0044-1790542
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  Falah Abu Hassan Objectives 'The use of immunotherapies in the treatment of melanoma has significantly improved the survival of patients with advanced disease. Historically, histamine has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several cancers. Cimetidine does play a role in modulating the immune system and was advocated as an immunotherapeutic agent since the 1970s. Cimetidine has been showing promise in conjunction with standard care in many cancers in vitro and in vivo. However, its effects in melanoma have not been explored yet. Our study was designed to determine if cimetidine taken in the perioperative period improves the disease-free survival (DFS) or overall survival in patients with the American Joint Committee on Cancer, seventh edition (AJCC 7) stage 2 melanoma. Materials and Methods 'We have reviewed all the patients with stage 2 melanoma in our center in a retrospective cohort to assess the difference in survival between patients who received H2 blockers in the perioperative period and those who did not. Statistical Analysis and Results 'Thirty-Two patients were included in the analysis. Nine of 32 patients received H2 blockers in the perioperative period. All the patients were males except for one female in the control group (4.3%). The age in the analyzed population ranged between 51 and 92 years; the median age was 70 years (mean: 71; standard deviation: 10). The median overall survival of the patients who received H2 blockers was 112.7 months and it was 77.2 months for those who did not receive H2 blockers. There was no difference in DFS between the two groups (p = 0.5395), and there was no difference in the overall survival (p = 0.4770). The cumulative dose was strongly correlated with the overall survival in the patients who received H2 blockers (r = 0.8341, p = 0.0196). Conclusion 'Despite having a small treatment group, we were able to detect a strong correlation between the cumulative dose of H2 blockers received and the overall survival.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Tanriover, B., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2024). The Reply. The American journal of medicine, 137(2), e42.
• Lim, J., Scott, A. M., Wig, R., Tan, R. V., Harnois, E. R., Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-Obaidi, M. M. (2024). Clinical Characteristics and Mortality Risks Among Patients With Culture-Proven Coccidioidomycosis Who Are Critically Ill: A Multicenter Study in an Endemic Region. Open forum infectious diseases, 11(8), ofae454.
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  Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic mycosis in the southwestern United States. While most infections are mild, severe cases can be devastating. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and mortality risks of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) with culture-proven coccidioidomycosis.
• Mutcali, S. I., Hussain, N., Nematollahi, S., Lainhart, W., Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-Obaidi, M. M. (2024). The performance of bronchoalveolar lavage Aspergillus PCR testing in solid organ transplant recipients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 26(5), e14327.
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  Invasive aspergillosis affects solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients, carrying a high risk of mortality and morbidity in this population. Rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential to ensure the initiation of correct antifungal therapy. We aimed to evaluate the performance of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) Eurofins Viracor Aspergillus PCR (AspPCR) in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) in SOT recipients.
• Nix, D. E., Al-Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. (2024). Hypoalbuminemia and Posaconazole Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. Open forum infectious diseases, 11(8), ofae452.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Gungor, A. B., Kurtin, S. E., Mathias, A. E., Tanriover, B., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2023). The Prevention of COVID-19 in High-Risk Patients Using Tixagevimab-Cilgavimab (Evusheld): Real-World Experience at a Large Academic Center. The American journal of medicine, 136(1), 96-99.
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  Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients. Tixagevimab-cilgavimab (Tix-Cil) is a combination of 2 monoclonal antibodies approved for the prevention of COVID-19 complications in this high-risk group.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Gungor, A. B., Murugapandian, S., Thajudeen, B., Mansour, I., Wong, R. C., Tanriover, B., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2023). The Impact of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir in Reducing Hospitalizations Among High-Risk Patients With SARS-CoV-2 During the Omicron Predominant Era. The American journal of medicine, 136(6), 577-584.
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  The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused significant morbidity and mortality in high-risk populations. Several therapeutics have been developed to reduce the risk of complications related to COVID-19, hospitalizations, and death. In several studies, nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (NR) was reported to reduce the risk of hospitalizations and death. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of NR in preventing hospitalizations and death during the Omicron predominant period.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., & Nix, D. E. (2023). Trends of Azole Antifungal Prescription in the United States: Medicare Part D Provider Utilization and Payment Data Analysis. Open forum infectious diseases, 10(8), ofad345.
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  Invasive fungal infections carry a substantial risk of mortality and morbidity. Azole antifungals are used in the treatment of such infections; however, their extensive use can lead to the emergence of antifungal resistance and increased costs to patients and healthcare systems. The aim of this study is to evaluate trends in these antifungals use and costs.
• Jenks, J. D., Aneke, C. I., Al-Obaidi, M. M., Egger, M., Garcia, L., Gaines, T., Hoenigl, M., & Thompson, G. R. (2023). Race and ethnicity: Risk factors for fungal infections?. PLoS pathogens, 19(1), e1011025.
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  Racial and ethnic identities, largely understood as social rather than biologic constructs, may impact risk for acquiring infectious diseases, including fungal infections. Risk factors may include genetic and immunologic differences such as aberrations in host immune response, host polymorphisms, and epigenomic factors stemming from environmental exposures and underlying social determinants of health. In addition, certain racial and ethnic groups may be predisposed to diseases that increase risk for fungal infections, as well as disparities in healthcare access and health insurance. In this review, we analyzed racial and ethnic identities as risk factors for acquiring fungal infections, as well as race and ethnicity as they relate to risk for severe disease from fungal infections. Risk factors for invasive mold infections such as aspergillosis largely appear related to environmental differences and underlying social determinants of health, although immunologic aberrations and genetic polymorphisms may contribute in some circumstances. Although black and African American individuals appear to be at high risk for superficial and invasive Candida infections and cryptococcosis, the reasons for this are unclear and may be related to underling social determinants of health, disparities in access to healthcare, and other socioeconomic disparities. Risk factors for all the endemic fungi are likely largely related to underlying social determinants of health, socioeconomic, and health disparities, although immunologic mechanisms likely play a role as well, particularly in disseminated coccidioidomycosis.
• Lim, J. R., Scott, A., Wig, R., Tan, R. V., Harnois, E. R., Zangeneh, T., & Al-Obaidi, M. (2023). 823. Clinical Outcomes of Coccidioidomycosis in Patients Requiring Intensive Care Unit Hospitalization. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 10(Supplement_2). doi:10.1093/ofid/ofad500.868
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  Abstract Background Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic mycosis in the southwestern United States. While most infections are mild or asymptomatic, severe cases are associated with high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with proven culture-positive coccidioidomycosis. Methods After institutional review board approval, we retrospectively included ICU patients with positive Coccidioides spp. culture within a multi-healthcare system between 10/01/2017 – 07/01/2022. Clinical information was collected by chart review. Results Of the 392 hospital encounters with positive Coccidioides spp. culture, 145 patients required ICU stay. The median age was 51 (32-62), with 100 (68.9%) male, 56 (38.6%) White non-Hispanics, and 25 (17.2%) Blacks. Fifty-seven (39.3%) received azole antifungals before hospitalization. Seventy-two (49.7%) had another fungal, bacterial, or viral infection during their hospitalization, and 41 (28.3%) had extrapulmonary coccidioidomycosis. The majority, 131 (90.3%), received antifungal therapy during their hospital stay. The median hospital length of stay was 18 days (10-37). Almost half (48.3%) died during the study period, with liver cirrhosis and age ( >60 years) resulting in statistically significant mortality, 12/13 (92.3%), p-value < 0.001, and 31/43 (72.1%) p-value =0.001, respectively. Mechanical ventilation and/or intravenous vasopressor support was associated with a high risk of mortality 66/113 (58.4%, p-value=< 0.001). Failure to receive antifungal therapy before ICU admission was associated with increased mortality, 46/70 (65.7%, p-value=0.002). Conclusion Patients with coccidioidomycosis admitted to the ICU face an increased risk of mortality. Risk factors associated with ICU mortality include advanced age, cirrhosis, and delay in the administration of antifungal therapy. Future studies are needed to evaluate these risks further. Disclosures Tirdad Zangeneh, DO, AiCuris: Grant/Research Support Mohanad Al-Obaidi, MD, MPH, La Jolla Pharmaceuticals: Honoraria
• Sridhara, S., Gungor, A. B., Erol, H. K., Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., Bedrick, E. J., Ariyamuthu, V. K., Shetty, A., Qannus, A. A., Mendoza, K., Murugapandian, S., Gupta, G., & Tanriover, B. (2023). Lack of effectiveness of Bebtelovimab monoclonal antibody among high-risk patients with SARS-Cov-2 Omicron during BA.2, BA.2.12.1 and BA.5 subvariants dominated era. PloS one, 18(4), e0279326.
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  Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron subvariants are expected to be resistant to Bebtelovimab (BEB) monoclonal antibody (MAb) and the real-world experience regarding its effectiveness is scarce. This retrospective cohort study reports a data analysis in Banner Healthcare System (a large not-for-profit organization) between 4/5/2022 and 8/1/2022 and included 19,778 Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) positive (by PCR or direct antigen testing) patients who were selected from Cerner-Electronic Health Record after the exclusions criteria were met. The study index date for cohort was determined as the date of BEB MAb administration or the date of the first positive COVID-19 testing. The cohort consist of COVID-19 infected patients who received BEB MAb (N = 1,091) compared to propensity score (PS) matched control (N = 1,091). The primary composite outcome was the incidence of 30-day all-cause hospitalization and/or mortality. All statistical analyses were conducted on the paired (matched) dataset. For the primary composite outcome, the event counts and percentages were reported. Ninety-five percent Clopper-Pearson confidence intervals for percentages were computed. The study cohorts were 1:1 propensity matched without replacement across 26 covariates using an optimal matching algorithm that minimizes the sum of absolute pairwise distance across the matched sample after fitting and using logistic regression as the distance function. The pairs were matched exactly on patient vaccination status, BMI group, age group and diabetes status. Compared to the PS matched control group (2.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.7%, 3.7%), BEB MAb use (2.2%; 95% CI: 1.4%, 3.3%) did not significantly reduce the incidence of the primary outcome (p = 0.67). In the subgroup analysis, we observed similar no-difference trends regarding the primary outcomes for the propensity rematched BEB MAb treated and untreated groups, stratified by patient vaccination status, age (
• Thompson, G. R., Soriano, A., Cornely, O. A., Kullberg, B. J., Kollef, M., Vazquez, J., Honore, P. M., Bassetti, M., Pullman, J., Chayakulkeeree, M., Poromanski, I., Dignani, C., Das, A. F., Sandison, T., Pappas, P. G., & , R. t. (2023). Rezafungin versus caspofungin for treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis (ReSTORE): a multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet (London, England), 401(10370), 49-59.
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  Rezafungin is a next-generation, once-a-week echinocandin in development for the treatment of candidaemia and invasive candidiasis and for the prevention of invasive fungal disease caused by Candida, Aspergillus, and Pneumocystis spp after blood and marrow transplantation. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous rezafungin versus intravenous caspofungin in patients with candidaemia and invasive candidiasis.
• Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-Obaidi, M. (2023).

  Diagnostic Approach to Coccidioidomycosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

  . Journal of Fungi. doi:10.3390/jof9050513
• Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-Obaidi, M. M. (2023). Diagnostic Approach to Coccidioidomycosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland), 9(5).
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  Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic in the southwestern United States, Mexico, and parts of Central and South America. While coccidioidomycosis is associated with mostly mild infections in the general population, it can lead to devastating infections in immunocompromised patients, including solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients. Early and accurate diagnosis is important in achieving better clinical outcomes in immunocompromised patients. However, the diagnosis of coccidioidomycosis in SOT recipients can be challenging due to the limitations of diagnostic methods including cultures, serology, and other tests in providing a timely and accurate diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss the available diagnostic modalities and approaches when evaluating SOT recipients with coccidioidomycosis, from the use of conventional culture methods to serologic and molecular testing. Additionally, we will discuss the role of early diagnosis in assisting with the administration of effective antifungal therapy to reduce infectious complications. Finally, we will discuss ways to improve the performance of coccidioidomycosis diagnostic methods in SOT recipients with an option for a combined testing approach.
• Zangeneh, T. T., Lainhart, W. D., Wiederhold, N. P., & Al-Obaidi, M. M. (2023). Coccidioides species antifungal susceptibility testing: Experience from a large healthcare system in the endemic region. Medical mycology, 61(10).
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  The clinical utility of Coccidioides species antifungal susceptibility testing (AST) remains unclear. This study describes the clinical course of eight patients with severe or chronic coccidioidomycosis and subsequent Coccidioides AST. We present the clinical manifestations, antifungal treatment regimens, and clinical outcomes for these patients.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Ayazi, P., Shi, A., Campanella, M., Connick, E., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2022). The Utility of (1→3)-β-D-Glucan Testing in the Diagnosis of Coccidioidomycosis in Hospitalized Immunocompromised Patients. Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland), 8(8).
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  Coccidioidomycosis is a fungal infection endemic to the Southwestern United States which is associated with high morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts. Serology is the main diagnostic tool, although less sensitive among immunocompromised hosts. (1→3)-β-D-glucan (BDG) is a non-specific fungal diagnostic test that may identify suspected coccidioidomycosis and other invasive fungal infections. We retrospectively investigated the utility of BDG between 2017 and 2021 in immunocompromised hosts with positive spp. cultures at our institutions. During the study period, there were 368 patients with positive cultures for spp.; among those, 28 patients were immunocompromised hosts, had both serology and BDG results available, and met other inclusion and exclusion criteria. Half of the patients had positive serology, and 57% had a positive BDG ≥ 80 pg/mL. Twenty-three (82%) had at least one positive test during their hospitalization. Among immunocompromised hosts with suspicion for coccidioidomycosis, the combination of serology and BDG can be useful in the initial work up and the timely administration of appropriate antifungal therapy. However, both tests failed to diagnose many cases, underscoring the need for better diagnostic techniques for identifying coccidioidomycosis in this population.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Gungor, A. B., Nematollahi, S., Zangeneh, T. T., Bedrick, E. J., Johnson, K. M., Low-Adegbija, N. E., Alam, R., Rangan, P., William Heise, C., Ariyamuthu, V. K., Shetty, A., Qannus, A. A., Murugapandian, S., Ayvaci, M. M., Anand, P. M., & Tanriover, B. (2022). Effectiveness of Casirivimab-Imdevimab Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Among High-Risk Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 B.1.617.2 (Delta Variant) Infection. Open forum infectious diseases, 9(7), ofac186.
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  Real-world data on the effectiveness of neutralizing casirivimab-imdevimab monoclonal antibody (Cas-Imd mAb) against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection among high-risk patients may inform the response to future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Marquez, J., Afghan, A., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2022). Effect of coccidioidomycosis prophylaxis in selecting non-Candida albicans species amongst solid organ transplant recipients in Arizona. Mycoses.
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  Invasive candidiasis carries an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. The rates of non-albicans Candida species (NAC) infections are on the rise secondary to frequent azole antifungal use. NAC incidence and risk amongst solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients in Arizona receiving prolonged azole course for coccidioidomycosis prophylaxis have not been well elucidated.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Gungor, A. b., Nematollahi, S., Zangeneh, T. T., Bedrick, E. J., Johnson, K., Nicole, A., Alam, R., Rangan, P., Heise, C. W., ARIYAMUTHU, V. K., Shetty, A., Qannus, A. A., Murugapandian, S., Ayvaci, M., Anand, P. M., & Tanriover, B. (2022).

  Effectiveness of Casirivimab-Imdevimab Monoclonal Antibody Treatment Among High-Risk Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 B.1.617.2 (Delta Variant) Infection

  . Open forum infectious diseases.
• Hoenigl, M., Sprute, R., Arastehfar, A., Perfect, J. R., Lass-Flörl, C., Bellmann, R., Prattes, J., Thompson, G. R., Wiederhold, N. P., Al Obaidi, M. M., Willinger, B., Arendrup, M. C., Koehler, P., Oliverio, M., Egger, M., Schwartz, I. S., Cornely, O. A., Pappas, P. G., & Krause, R. (2022). Invasive candidiasis: investigational drugs in the clinical development pipeline and mechanisms of action. Expert opinion on investigational drugs, 31(8), 795-812.
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  The epidemiology of invasive infections is evolving. Infections caused by non- spp. are increasing; however, the antifungal pipeline is more promising than ever and is enriched with repurposed drugs and agents that have new mechanisms of action. Despite progress, unmet needs in the treatment of invasive candidiasis remain, and there are still too few antifungals that can be administered orally or that have CNS penetration.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., Nematollahi, S., Nix, D. E., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2021). Remarks on the universal lifelong coccidioidomycosis prophylaxis in lung transplant recipients. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. doi:doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab878
• Al-Obaidi, M., Badali, H., Cañete-Gibas, C., Patterson, H. P., & Wiederhold, N. P. (2021). Pulmonary infection secondary to Blastobotrys raffinosifermentans in a cystic fibrosis patient: Review of the literature. Mycoses, 64(6), 616-623.
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  The genus Blastobotrys consists of at least 20 species. Disease in humans has been reported with B adeninivorans, B raffinosifermentans, B proliferans and B serpentis, mostly in immunocompromised patients and those with cystic fibrosis.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Youssefi, B., Bardwell, J., Bouzigard, R., Le, C. H., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2021). A Comparative Analysis of Mucormycosis in Immunosuppressed Hosts Including Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes in the Southwest United States. The American journal of medicine, 134(9), 1155-1159.
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  Mucormycosis (zygomycosis) is an invasive fungal infection that carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus and other immunocompromising conditions are risk factors for mucormycosis development. We here describe the differences in characteristics and outcomes of mucormycosis among solid organ transplant, hematological malignancy, and diabetes mellitus groups at our institution.
• Streling, A. P., Al Obaidi, M. M., Lainhart, W. D., Zangeneh, T., Khan, A., Dinh, A. Q., Hanson, B., Arias, C. A., & Miller, W. R. (2021). Evolution of Cefiderocol Non-Susceptibility in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Patient Without Previous Exposure to the Antibiotic. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
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  We report the emergence of non-susceptibility to cefiderocol from a subpopulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from a patient without history of cefiderocol exposure. Whole genome sequencing identified mutations in major iron transport pathways previously associated with cefiderocol uptake. Susceptibility testing should be performed before therapy with siderophore cephalosporins.
• Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-obaidi, M. (2021). 705. Community Acquired Gastrointestinal Infections among Transplant Recipients. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 8(Supplement_1), S453-S453. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofab466.902
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  Abstract Background Community-acquired gastrointestinal (cGI) infections carry a significant risk of mortality and morbidity. Transplant patients are at increased risk of infectious complications. We aimed to study the risks and outcomes of cGI infections in this population. Methods After the institutional review board’s approval, a multi-center retrospective study was conducted. Data was collected from inpatient admission for patients with a history of hematopoietic stem transplantation or solid organ transplantation. Data regarding patient demographics, gastrointestinal polymerase chain reaction (GIPCR), clinical presentation, medications, discharge, and length of stay were collected. Chi-square test was performed to compare categorical data, and student’s t-test and Wilcoxon test were used to compare parametric and non-parametric variables accordingly. Results From 10/01/2017 to 07/14/2020, there were 445 encounters with GIPCR tests ordered. 48% were female, 53% were non-Hispanic White, and the mean age was 58 (SD ±14.6). Of the 445 encounters, 66 had a positive test. 40/66 had kidney transplants. The most common detected organisms were Norovirus (36%), Enteropathogenic E. coli (26%), Campylobacter species (9%), and Enteroaggregative E. coli (9%). The most common symptoms were abdominal pain and diarrhea, with 26% reported an exposure or a recent travel. There was no difference in the mortality rates between positive and negative GIPCR (3% versus 2.4%, p=0.7), during the study period. There was a significant difference in the mean length of stay between positive GIPCR with 7.5 (SD ±10.5) days versus 12.4 (SD ±18.3) days in negative GI PCR, p=0.036. Conclusion The majority of GIPCR tests were negative. Patients with positive GIPCR had shorter length of stay compared to negative GIPCR transplant recipients. There was no difference in mortality between positive and negative GIPCR among transplant patients. Future studies are required to evaluate the impact of cGI infections on transplant patients. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
• Adams, M., Bouzigard, R., Al-Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. T. (2020). Perinephric abscess in a renal transplant recipient due to Mycoplasma hominis: Case report and review of the literature. Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society, 22(5), e13308.
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  A 42-year-old man presented with nausea, malaise, and pain at his renal graft site 4 months following deceased donor renal transplant. His transplantation had been complicated by urinary leak with delayed wound closure requiring ureteral revision with biologic mesh placement. The initial evaluation in the hospital revealed urinalysis with significant pyuria as well as abdominal CT imaging concerning for abscess formation anterior to the grafted kidney. Interventional radiology (IR) guided drainage of this abscess yielded growth of Enterococcus faecalis treated with intravenous ampicillin/sulbactam. He continued to have pain at his graft site and repeat imaging revealed a persistent abscess despite prolonged antimicrobial therapy. Urine cultures isolated Mycoplasma species. A repeat aspirate of abscess fluid collected and Mycoplasma hominis was identified by molecular test. Patient's symptoms abated and his abscess completely resolved on repeat imaging after completing a course of oral moxifloxacin and doxycycline. His immunosuppression did not require adjustment and the renal graft continued to function well following this therapy. Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma should be considered as a potential etiology for perinephric abscess in renal transplant recipients.
• Nix, D. E., Hayes, J. F., Al Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. (2020). Fixed Dosing of Amphotericin B in Morbidly Obese Individuals. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
• Zangeneh, T. T., Marquez, J. L., Al-obaidi, M., & Afghan, A. (2020). 743. Characteristics of Candidemia in a Coccidioidomycosis Endemic Region: The impact of Increased Azole Use in the Selection of Candida species. Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 7(Supplement_1), S419-S420. doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.933
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  Abstract Background The incidence of invasive candidiasis secondary to non-albicans Candida species is on the rise. In Arizona, azoles are used for coccidioidomycosis treatment and prophylaxis in immunosuppressed population. Therefore, we intended to describe the characteristics and outcomes of non-albicans Candidemia in our area. Methods We conducted an IRB approved multicenter study evaluating patients from October 1, 2017 to January 1, 2020. Patient demographics, medical history, procedures, antifungal use, and laboratory data were collected. Episode per patient was included in the statistical analysis. Results In the study period, there were 145 patients with 151 candidemia episodes. For the episode-per-patient, median age was 51 (IQR 37-62), 45% were female, and 86% were Caucasian. 10% had a history of transplantation (40% HSCT and 60% SOT), and 22.5% had a history of cancer. 78% had another concomitant systemic infection. 4/80 (5%) and 12/102 (12%) had infective endocarditis. Only 5 (3.3%) had a history of coccidioidomycosis and 37 (24.5%) had exposure to azole therapy in the prior 3 months. 60% of the candidemia episodes were due to non-albicans Candida species, 27/37 (73%) had a prior history of azole therapy, 12/15 (80%) were transplant recipients, and 23/34 (80%) had cancer. The majority (71%) of patients initially received an echinocandin without a significant difference in mortality. Of all the admission episodes, there were 45/151 (29%) deaths and 7/151 (4.5%) were discharged to hospice. Not removing central catheters was associated with 60% of deaths (P=0.002). Infectious diseases consult was associated with lower mortality (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.087-0 .70) and higher rates of catheter removal (OR 8, 95% 2.2-29.5). There was no difference in mortality between non-albicans versus albicans Candidemia (28.6% vs. 32%, P=0.7). Conclusion Our study found higher rates of non-albicans Candidemia that are more eminent in transplant recipients and those with prior azole use, but this was not statistically significant. The removal of the central line and ID consultations was associated with a significant reduction in mortality. In Coccidioidomycosis endemic regions, the risk of non-albicans candida infections can be higher with the use of azoles; however, further studies are recommended. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
• Al-Obaidi, M., Hasbun, R., Vigil, K. J., Edwards, A. R., Chavez, V., Hall, D. R., Dar, W. A., De Golovine, A., Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., Bynon, J. S., & Nigo, M. (2019). Seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis and Evaluation of Universal Screening in Kidney Transplant Candidates: A Single-Center Experience in Houston (2012-2017). Open forum infectious diseases, 6(7).
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  Disseminated strongyloidiasis in solid organ transplant recipients is a rare but devastating infection. In our center, we implemented a universal screening of all candidates for kidney transplantation. We assessed the seroprevalence and utility of universal screening for strongyloidiasis in our center.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Younes, P., & Ostrosky-Zeichner, L. (2018). Post-exposure prophylaxis with isavuconazole after occupational exposure to. Oxford medical case reports, 2018(10), omy062.
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  Invasive mucormycosis is typically seen in patients with hematological malignancies, diabetes and other conditions that affect the immune system. However, locally invasive disease can also be seen in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent hosts after trauma and direct inoculation. Since historically post-exposure prophylaxis with lipid-based amphotericin B compounds has not been feasible because of a high toxicity profile, there is no experience regarding the role of post-exposure prophylaxis after injuries contaminated with agents of mucormycosis. We describe the first case of a patient with occupational exposure to that received post-exposure prophylaxis with oral isavuconazole.
• Ostrosky-Zeichner, L., & Al-Obaidi, M. (2017). Invasive Fungal Infections in the Intensive Care Unit. Infectious disease clinics of North America, 31(3), 475-487.
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  Patients in the intensive care unit are exposed to multiple stressors that predispose them to invasive fungal infections (IFIs), which carry high morbidity and mortality. Getting acquainted with the diagnostic methods and therapies is imperative for patient safety and for providing high-quality health care. This article focuses on the most frequent IFIs: invasive candidiasis and invasive aspergillosis.
• Al-Obaidi, M. M., & Khasawneh, F. A. (2015). Progressive headache in a 48-year-old man. BMJ case reports, 2015.
• Al-obaidi, M. M., Al-obaidi, M. M., Mahasneh, O. A., Mahasneh, O. A., Khasawneh, F. A., & Khasawneh, F. A. (2015). Progressive Shortness of Breath in a 74-Year-Old Man. Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice, 23(5), 267-268. doi:10.1097/ipc.0000000000000296
• Bardwell, J., Youseffi, B., Marquez, J., Zangeneh, T. T., & Al-Obaidi, M. (2021). Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a Heart Transplant Patient. The American journal of medicine, 133(9), e524-e525.
• Khasawneh, F. A., & Al-Obaidi, M. M. (2015). New onset seizures and CNS tuberculoma. QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians, 108(3), 261-2.

Presentations

• Ayazi, P., Zangeneh, T., Shi, A., Campanella, M., & Al-Obaidi, M. (2021). The Utility of (1→3)-𝝱-D-glucan Assay in the Diagnosis of Severe Coccidioidomycosis Infections among Immunocompromised Hosts. IDWeek. Virtual.

Poster Presentations

• Al-Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. (2021). Pulmonary Coccidioidomycoses in Kidney Transplant Patient after COVID-19 Infection. MSGERC Webinar - COVID-19 Associated Fungal Infections. Virtual.
  More info

  Recorded session: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zT3BpLpTSC0
• Al-Obaidi, M., & Zangeneh, T. (2021, 2021). Community Acquired Gastrointestinal Infections among Transplant Recipients. IDWeek. Virtual.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Almomani, S., Zangeneh, T., & Musmar, A. (2021). A Rare Presentation of Osteomyelitis of the Posterior L4 Vertebra with Paraspinal Abscess due to Disseminated Neisseria gonorrhoeae:A Case Report. IDWeek. Virtual.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., Bardwell, J., Youseffi, B., Bouzigard, R., & Le, C. (2020, Summer). A Comparative Analysis of Mucormycosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients and Other Immunosuppressed Hosts Including Patients with Uncontrolled Diabetes. ATC 2020 Virtual Congress. Online Only: American Transplant Congress.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., & Sumaya, F. (2019, June). The Natural History and Time to Seroconversion of CMV in the Era of Post-Transplantation Chemoprophylaxis. American Transplant Congress Annual Meeting. Boston, MA: American Transplant Congress.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., Adams, M., & Bouzigard, R. (2019, Oct). Peri-transplant Abscess Due to Mycoplasma hominis. American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter, Annual Meeting. Tucson, AZ: American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., Bardwell, J. R., & Youssefi, B. (2019, Oct). Invasive Pulmonary Mucormycosis in a Heart Transplant Recipient. American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter, Annual Meeting. Tucson: American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Zangeneh, T. T., Kaur, A., Bracamonte, E. R., & Youssefi, B. (2019, Oct). Pitfalls in the Diagnosis of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) by Staining Methods in Respiratory Specimens. American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter, Annual Meeting. Tucson, AZ: American College of Physicians, Arizona Chapter.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Vigil, K. J., Hasbun, R., De Golovine, A., Machicao, V., Ostrosky, L. Z., Bynon, J. S., & Nigo, M. (2018, June). Strongyloides Pre-transplant Screening in Solid Organ Transplantation (SOT): Single Center Analysis. American Transplant Congress Annual Meeting. Seattle, WA: American Transplant Congress.
• Al-Obaidi, M., & Ostrosky, L. (2017, Jan). World-Wide Epidemiology of FKS Mutations: A systematic review of the literature. Antibiotic Resistance Symposium: Novel Frontiers in Antimicrobial Research. Houston, TX: Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Microbial Genomics at McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Vigil, K. J., & Barnett, B. (2017, Oct). Hepatitis C Viremia Post Direct Acting Theraphy Did Not Correlate with Treatment Failure in HCV/HIV Co-Infected Patients. IDWeek 2017. San Diego, CA: Infectious Diseases Society of America.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Vigil, K. J., Dang, B., & Barnett, B. (2017, Oct). Real World Experience of Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir Therapy in HIV Patients Co-infected with HCV: A Retrospective Study. IDWeek 2017. San Diego, CA: Infectious Diseases Society of America.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Corsi, G., Wanger, A., & Ostrosky, L. (2016, Oct). Epidemiology and Natural History of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Surgical Sites Infections. IDWeek. New Orleans, LA: Infectious Diseases Society of America.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Dirk, T., & Ostrosky, L. (2016, June). World-Wide Epidemiology of FKS Mutations: A systematic review of the literature. International Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. Boston, MA: American Society for Microbiology.
• Al-Obaidi, M., Echendu, C. E., & Ahmed, M. (2014, Feb). Marchiafava-Bignami Disease in a Patient with History of Alcohol and Cocaine Abuse. Society of General Internal Medicine Southern Regional Meeting. New Orleans, LA: Society of General Internal Medicine.