Arlie S Adkins

Interests

No activities entered.

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Chapters

• Stoker, P. A., Adkins, A. S., & Ewing, R. (2017). Pedestrian Safety and Public Health. In Walking: Connecting Sustainable Transport with Health.

Journals/Publications

• Adkins, A., Adkins, A., Dantzler, P., Dantzler, P., Makarewicz, C., & Makarewicz, C. (2020).

  Another Look at Location Affordability: Understanding the Detailed Effects of Income and Urban Form on Housing and Transportation Expenditures

  . Housing Policy Debate, 30(6), 1033-1055. doi:10.1080/10511482.2020.1792528
  More info

  Findings from a study using the Panel Survey of Income Dynamics (PSID) and detailed urban environment and transit data support the location affordability hypothesis. Households in location-efficien...
• Adkins, A., Ingram, M., Leih, R., Sonmez, E., Yetman, E., Adkins, A., Ingram, M., Leih, R., Sonmez, E., & Yetman, E. (2020).

  Health Disparities, Transportation Equity and Complete Streets: a Case Study of a Policy Development Process through the Lens of Critical Race Theory.

  . Journal of urban health : bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 97(6), 876-886. doi:10.1007/s11524-020-00460-8
  More info

  Historic disinvestment in transportation infrastructure is directly related to adverse social conditions underlying health disparities in low-income communities of color. Complete Streets policies offer a strategy to address inequities and subsequent public health outcomes. This case study examines the potential for an equity-focused policy process to address systemic barriers and identify potential measures to track progress toward equity outcomes. Critical race theory provided the analytical framework to examine grant reports, task force notes, community workshop/outreach activities, digital stories, and stakeholder interviews. Analysis showed that transportation inequities are entrenched in historically rooted disparities that are perpetuated in ongoing decision-making processes. Intentional efforts to incorporate equity into discussions with community members and representatives contributed to explicit equity language being included in the final policy. The potential to achieve equity outcomes will depend upon policy implementation. Concrete strategies to engage community members and focus city decision-making practices on marginalized and disenfranchised communities are identified.
• Adkins, A., Barillas-longoria, G., Ingram, M., & Martinez, D. N. (2019).

  Differences in social and physical dimensions of perceived walkability in Mexican American and non-hispanic white walking environments in Tucson, Arizona.

  . Journal of transport & health, 14, 100585. doi:10.1016/j.jth.2019.100585
  More info

  Physical activity patterns within the U.S. vary greatly across ethnicity, with data generally indicating lower rates among Hispanic/Latino adults. At the same time, Hispanic/Latino pedestrians face higher rates of injury and fatalities. Despite the importance of supportive physical activity environments on both health and safety outcomes, limited attention has been paid to ethnic or cultural differences in perceptions of supportive environments for walking. To fill this gap, we explore differences in physical and social environment contributors to perceived walkability between pedestrians in predominantly (> 70%) Mexican American and predominantly non-Hispanic white areas in Tucson, Arizona..In early 2017 the research team conducted brief on-street intercept interviews with pedestrians (N = 190) to learn about the environmental attributes associated with pedestrian perceptions of walkability. Study locations were matched for similar physical walkability metrics, income, and poverty rates. Consensus-based thematic coding identified 14 attributes of the built and social environment that contributed, positively and negatively, to perceptions of walkability..Attributes of the social environment, both positive (i.e., social interaction, social cohesion, and community identity) and negative (i.e., crime/security), were more frequently expressed as components of walkability in Mexican American study areas while physical environment attributes (i.e., infrastructure, street crossings, and aesthetics) were more frequently mentioned in non-Hispanic white areas..Contributors to perceived walkability in non-Hispanic white study areas were largely consistent with existing built environment-focused walkability metrics. Differences seen in Mexican American areas suggest a need to better understand differences across populations, expand the construct of walkability to consider social environment attributes, and account for interactions between social and physical environments. Results highlight the need for collaboration between public health and planning professionals, to evaluate walkability using culturally relevant measures that account for the social environment, particularly in Mexican American and other communities of color.
• Makarewicz, C., Adkins, A., Frei, C., & Wennink, A. (2019). "A little bit happy:" How performance metrics shortchange pedestrian infrastructure funding. Research in Transportation Business & Management.
• Makarewicz, C., Adkins, A., Frei, C., & Wennink, A. (2018).

  “A little bit happy”: How performance metrics shortchange pedestrian infrastructure funding

  . Research in transportation business and management, 29, 144-156. doi:10.1016/j.rtbm.2019.01.002
  More info

  Abstract After decades of inattention to the issue, cities and regions increasingly recognize the role of pedestrian infrastructure to improve safety, public health, air quality, accessibility, travel choices, and economic development. But extraordinary gaps exist between pedestrian infrastructure needs and what is funded and built. To understand why this gap persists, even as attention to pedestrian issues grows, we conducted 50 interviews about pedestrian funding with transportation professionals from different levels of government in three regions that have prioritized active transportation: Chicago, Illinois; Denver, Colorado; and Portland, Oregon. We analyzed interviews along with each region's transportation plans, fiscally constrained budgets, and other policy and planning documents. Our analysis revealed three systemic barriers at the regional level that perpetuate the underfunding of pedestrian infrastructure: (1) overall transportation funding shortages made worse by the substantial and growing burden of operating and maintaining aging regional mobility systems; (2) performance and evaluation metrics used in funding decisions are biased toward regional mobility rather than accessibility; and (3) the relatively small scale of individual pedestrian projects often keeps them from being considered regionally significant or scoring highly on metrics related to regional impact. In addition to identifying the need for additional funding sources, the regions we studied used other strategies to address these challenges that may offer lessons for other regions. These include: collecting new data and establishing performance measures that better capture the benefits of active travel modes and their unique contributions to broad policy goals; coordinating across a region to bundle pedestrian projects into larger funding packages that can meet regional significance criteria; and creating regional pedestrian plans that demonstrate how smaller pedestrian projects contribute to regional goals.
• Adkins, A., Makarewicz, C., Scanze, M., Ingram, M., & Luhr, G. (2017). Contextualizing Walkability Do Relationships Between Built Environments and Walking Vary by Socioeconomic Context?. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PLANNING ASSOCIATION, 83(3), 296-314.
• Adkins, A., Sanderford, A., & Pivo, G. (2017). How Location Efficient Is LIHTC? Measuring and Explaining State-Level Achievement. HOUSING POLICY DEBATE, 27(3), 335-355.
• Ingram, M., Adkins, A., Hansen, K., Cascio, V., & Somnez, E. (2017). Sociocultural perceptions of walkability in Mexican American neighborhoods: Implications for policy and practice. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH, 7, 172-180.
• Tremoulet, A., Dann, R. J., & Adkins, A. (2016). Moving to Location Affordability? Housing Choice Vouchers and Residential Relocation in the Portland, Oregon, Region. HOUSING POLICY DEBATE, 26(4-5), 692-713.
• Goddard, T., Kahn, K. B., & Adkins, A. (2015). Racial bias in driver yielding behavior at crosswalks. TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART F-TRAFFIC PSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR, 33, 1-6.
• Adkins, A. S., Dill, J., Luhr, G., & Neal, M. (2012). Unpacking walkability: Testing the influence of urban design features on perceptions of walking environment attractiveness. Journal of Urban Design, 17(4).
  More info

  The potential environmental and health benefits of active transportation modes (e.g. walking and cycling) have led to considerable research on the influence of the built environment on travel. This paper presents the findings of a study combining environmental audits and a survey-based respondent mapping tool to test the influence of micro-scale built environment characteristics, including ‘green street’ storm water management features, on resident perceptions of walking environment attractiveness. Results suggest that this method is sensitive enough to unpack a concept like walkability into individual component characteristics. Findings from an ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model indicate that in a predominantly single-family residential context well-designed green street facilities, as well as other features such as parks, separation from vehicle traffic, and pedestrian network connectivity can significantly contribute to walking environment attractiveness.
• Cervero, R., Adkins, A. S., & Sullivan, C. (2010). Are Suburban TODs Over-Parked?. Journal of Public Transportation, 13(2).
  More info

  A survey of 31 multi-family housing complexes near rail stations in the San Francisco Bay Area and Portland, Oregon, show peak parking demand is 25-30 percent below supplies and, for most projects, falls below national standards. Peak parking demand is generally less for less expansive projects with short walking distances to rail stations that enjoy frequent peak-period services. Case study experiences suggest that well- designed, short and direct walking paths to rail stops lessen peak parking. A national survey of 80 U.S. cities with rail stations revealed that 75 percent have minimum TOD parking requirements that mandate more parking than suburban design standards and 39 percent grant variances for housing projects near rail stops.

Proceedings Publications

• Adkins, A. S., & Robinson, C. M. (2020, June). Arizona Negro Motorist Green Book neighborhoods at the intersection of history, heritage conservation, and planning. In EAAE-ARCC.
• Adkins, A. S., Sanderford, A. R., Pivo, G. E., Adkins, A. S., Sanderford, A. R., Pivo, G. E., Adkins, A. S., Sanderford, A. R., & Pivo, G. E. (2015, Fall). Location efficiency of affordable housing under the low-income housing tax credit program. In American Collegiate Schools of Planning Annual Conference.

Presentations

• Hansen, K., Barillas-Longoria, G., Ingram, M., & Adkins, A. S. (2017, Fall). Investigating the role of physical and social characteristics of walkability using on-street interviews in Mexican American neighborhoods. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting. Atlanta, Georgia: APHA.
• Somnez, E., Hanson, V., Adkins, A. S., Ingram, M., & Hansen, K. (2017, Spring). Sociocultural influences on perceptions of walking in Mexican American neighborhoods in Tucson AZ. Active Living Research Conferenced. Clearwater Beach, Florida: Active Living Research.
• Adkins, A. S., & Makarewicz, C. (2015, Spring). Whose walkability? Do measures of walkability used by planners account for differences in perceptions and experience by income level?. Urban Affairs Association Conference. Miami, Florida: Urban Affairs Association.
• Adkins, A. S. (2014, Fall). Built environment and self-selection influences on recent mover non-work travel mode adoption. Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning Annual Conference. Philadelphia, PA: Association of Collegiate Schools of Planning.
• Adkins, A. S. (2014, Spring). Low-income movers and barriers to the “new American Dream.”. Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
• Adkins, A. S. (2014, Summer). Determinants of recent mover active travel mode adoption. International Congress of Applied Psychology. Paris, France: International Association of Applied Psychology.

Poster Presentations

• Adkins, A. S., Ingram, M., & Cascio, V. (2015, February). Perceptions of Walkability and Barriers to Active Transportation in Mexican American Neighborhoods in Tucson, Arizona. Active Living Research. San Diego, CA: Active Living Research and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation.
• Goddard, T., Adkins, A. S., & Kahn, K. (2014, Spring). Racial Bias in Driver Yielding Behavior at Crosswalks. Active Living Research Conference. San Diego, California: Active Living Research.