Jake Harwood

Interests

Teaching

I teach classes in communication and music, intergroup relations, communication and aging, and research methods.

Research

I study the associations between communication and intergroup relations. I am interested in how interpersonal and mass communication contribute to intergroup prejudice and discrimination, and also how they can be used to reduce conflict between social groups, particularly through facilitating or portraying successful contact between people from different social groups. Right now, I am particularly interested in music as a place where contact between groups might be particularly powerful and successful.

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Books

• Harwood, J. (2020). Thinking like a researcher: An engaged introduction to communication research methods. Cognella.
• Harwood, J., Nussbaum, J. F., Gallois, C., Pierson, H. D., & Gasiorek, J. (2019). Language, Communication, and Intergroup Relations: A Celebration of the Scholarship of Howard Giles. Routledge.
• Giles, H., & Harwood, J. (2018). The Oxford encyclopedia of intergroup communication. Oxford University Press.
• Harwood, J. (2018). Communication and music in social interaction. Cognella.
• Harwood, J. (2018). Understanding communication and aging: Developing knowledge and awareness. Cognella.
• Harwood, J. (2015). Communication and Music. KDP / Amazon.

Chapters

• Gasiorek, J., Rittenour, C. E., Lin, M., & Harwood, J. (2021). Family Communication in Later Life. In The Routledge Handbook of Family Communication(pp 99--112). Routledge.
• Harwood, J. (2020). Social Identity Theory. In International encyclopedia of media psychology. Wiley.
• Gasiorek, J., Gallois, C., Pierson, H., NussBaum, J. F., & Harwood, J. (2019). Advancing Theory in Language, Communication, and Intergroup Relations. In Language, Communication, and Intergroup Relations: A Celebration of the Scholarship of Howard Giles(pp 291--305). Routledge.
• Harwood, J. (2019). Intergroup Communication: Part III Introduction. In Language, Communication, and Intergroup Relations(pp 83--83). Routledge.
• Harwood, J., NussBaum, J. F., Pierson, H., Gallois, C., & Gasiorek, J. (2019). Accommodating a Legend: Howard Giles and the Social Psychology of Language and Communication. In Language, Communication, and Intergroup Relations(pp 21--32). Routledge.
• Honeycutt, J., & Harwood, J. T. (2019). Using music therapy and imagined interaction to cope with stress.. In Promoting mental health through imagery and imagined interactions(pp 73-92). New York: Peter Lang.
• Harwood, J. (2018). Communication and intergroup relations.. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Psychology.
• Harwood, J. (2016). A chapter and a couple of encyclopedia things I can't be bothered to enter manually.. In A chapter and a couple of encyclopedia things I can't be bothered to enter manually..
• Harwood, J. T. (2015). Various book chapters and encyclopedia entries that it's not worth my time to enter: see CV. In Various book titles would go here..
• Harwood, J. T., Soliz, J., & Lin, M. C. (2006). Communication accommodation theory: An intergroup approach to family relationships. In Engaging theories in family communication: Multiple perspectives. SAGE Publications Inc. doi:10.4135/9781452204420.N2
• Soliz, J., Anderson, K., Harwood, J. T., & Lin, M. C. (2006). Friends and allies: Communication in grandparent-grandchild relationships. In Widening the family circle: New research on family communication. SAGE Publications Inc. doi:10.4135/9781452204369.N5

Journals/Publications

• Bethard, S. J., Coe, K., Kenski, K. M., Kenski, K. M., Shmargad, Y., Harwood, J. T., & Rains, S. A. (2022). Engagement with partisan Russian troll tweets during the 2016 U.S. presidential election: a social identity perspective. Journal of Communication.
• Case, T., Gim, H., Gahler, H., & Harwood, J. (2021). For the love of music: Changing Whites’ stereotypes of Asians with mediated intergroup musical contact. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 1--19.
• Cooper, R. A., Pitts, M. J., & Harwood, J. (2021). “That's when the relationship shifted”: Relational and communicative turning points in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Personal Relationships.
• Flowers, C., Le, T. F., Merchant, N., Heidorn, B., Ferriere, R., & Harwood, J. (2021). Looking for the-scape in the sound: Discriminating soundscapes categories in the Sonoran Desert using indices and clustering. Ecological Indicators, 127, 107805.
• Fowler, C., & Harwood, J. (2021). Does perceived normativity of intergenerational contact enhance the effects of imagined intergenerational contact?. Group Processes \& Intergroup Relations, 24(7), 1151--1179.
• Harwood, J. (2021). Modes of intergroup contact: If and how to interact with the outgroup. Journal of Social Issues, 77(1), 154--170.
• Harwood, J., & Wallace, S. D. (2021). Shared musical activity and perceptions of relationship commitment. Psychology of Music, 03057356211058779.
• Paolini, S., Harwood, J., Logatchova, A., Rubin, M., & Mackiewicz, M. (2021). Emotions in Intergroup Contact: Incidental and Integral Emotions' Effects on Interethnic Bias Are Moderated by Emotion Applicability and Subjective Agency. Frontiers in Psychology, 12.
• Zhang, Y. B., Li, S., & Harwood, J. (2021). Grandparent--Grandchild Communication and Attitudes Toward Older Adults: Relational Solidarity and Shared Family Identity in China. International Journal of Communication, 15, 19.
• Fowler, C., & Harwood, J. (2020). Does perceived normativity of intergenerational contact enhance the effects of imagined intergenerational contact?. Group Processes & Intergroup Relations, 1368430220934548.
• Harwood, J., & Tracy, K. (2021). Language - AND - Social Psychology: Epilogue. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 40(172-178), 0261927X20962846.
• Joyce, N., & Harwood, J. (2020). Social identity motivations and intergroup media attractiveness. Group Processes \& Intergroup Relations, 23(1), 71--90.
• Joyce, N., Harwood, J., & Springer, S. (2020). The Sweet Spot: Curvilinear Effects of Media Exemplar Typicality on Stereotype Change. Journal of Media Psychology, 23, 71--90.
• Kim, C., & Harwood, J. (2020). Parasocial Contact's Effects on Relations Between Minority Groups in a Multiracial Context. International Journal of Communication, 14, 22.
• Kim, S., & Harwood, J. (2020). Facebook contact: The effect of an outgroup member's language proficiency on desire for future intergroup contact. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 77, 160--168.
• Joyce, N., Harwood, J., & Springer, S. (2019). The Sweet Spot: Curvilinear Effects of Media Exemplar Typicality on Stereotype Change. Journal of Media Psychology.
• Kim, C., & Harwood, J. (2019). What Makes People Imagine Themselves in Contact with Outgroup Members: Exploring the Relationship between Vicarious Media Contact Experiences and Imagined Contact. Communication Studies, 70(5), 545--563.
• Kim, C., Harwood, J., & Xiang, J. (2018). The Negative and Positive Influences of Threat and Nonthreat Media Messages About Immigrants. International Journal of Communication, 12, 23.
• Paolini, S., Harwood, J., Hewstone, M., & Neumann, D. L. (2018). Seeking and avoiding intergroup contact: Future frontiers of research on building social integration. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 12(12), e12422.
• Wallace, S. D., & Harwood, J. (2018). Associations between shared musical engagement and parent--child relational quality: the mediating roles of interpersonal coordination and empathy. Journal of Family Communication, 18(3), 202--216.
• Zhang, Y. B., Paik, S., Xing, C., & Harwood, J. (2018). Young adults' contact experiences and attitudes toward aging: age salience and intergroup anxiety in South Korea. Asian Journal of Communication, 1--22.
• Arroyo, A., Segrin, C., Harwood, J., & Bonito, J. A. (2017). Co-rumination of fat talk and weight control practices: An application of confirmation theory. Health communication, 32(4), 438--450.
• Chen, C., Joyce, N., Harwood, J., & Xiang, J. (2017). Stereotype reduction through humor and accommodation during imagined communication with older adults. Communication Monographs, 84(1), 94--109.
• Harwood, J. (2017). Indirect and Mediated Intergroup Contact. The International Encyclopedia of Intercultural Communication, 1--9.
• Harwood, J. (2017). Music and intergroup relations: Exacerbating conflict and building harmony through music. Review of Communication Research, 5, 1--34.
• Harwood, J. T. (2017). Music and Intergroup Relations: Exacerbating Conflict and Building Harmony through Music. Review of Communication Research. doi:10.12840/issn.2255-4165.2017.05.01.012
  More info

  This article describes the ways in which music is an important part of identity, and hence serves some similar functions to other forms of identity-related communication (e.g., language). It will describe how music is used to incite intergroup hatred (e.g., among soccer fans, military music) and to support valued identities (anthems, etc.). Relevant literature on stereotyping (including stereotyping of groups related to music) is included. The article also discusses how music is used to reduce intergroup hostility (e.g., via cross-cultural musical collaboration and contact). The article connects the various literatures from communication, social psychology, sociology, and ethnomusicology, providing a broad overview of the many connections between communication, music, and social identity. It closes with a research agenda for those interested in studying intergroup communication and music.
• Harwood, J., Joyce, N., Chen, C., Paolini, S., Xiang, J., & Rubin, M. (2017). Effects of past and present intergroup communication on perceived fit of an outgroup member and desire for future intergroup contact. Communication Research, 44(4), 530--555.
• Rains, S. A., Kenski, K., Coe, K., & Harwood, J. (2017). Incivility and Political Identity on the Internet: Intergroup Factors as Predictors of Incivility in Discussions of News Online. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 22(4), 163--178.
• Arroyo, A., Segrin, C., Harwood, J., & Bonito, J. A. (2016). Co-rumination of fat talk and weight control practices: An application of confirmation theory. Health Communication, 1--13.
• Chen, C., Joyce, N., Harwood, J., & Xiang, J. (2016). Stereotype reduction through humor and accommodation during imagined communication with older adults. Communication Monographs, 1--16.
• Harwood, J. (2016). Cross-Generational Communication. The International Encyclopedia of Interpersonal Communication.
• Harwood, J., Qadar, F., & Chen, C. (2016). Harmonious Contact: Stories About Intergroup Musical Collaboration Improve Intergroup Attitudes. Journal of Communication, 66(6), 937--959.
• Raman, P., & Harwood, J. (2016). Media Usage and Acculturation: Asian Indian Professionals in Silicon Valley. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 1--19.
• Harwood, J. (2015). Intergroup Contact, Prejudicial Attitudes, and Policy Preferences: The Case of the US Military’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Policy. The Journal of Social Psychology, 155(1), 57--69.
• Harwood, J. (2015). Intergroup Contact, Prejudicial Attitudes, and Policy Preferences: The Case of the US Military’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Policy. The Journal of social psychology, 155(1), 57--69.
• Harwood, J., & Vincze, L. (2015). Ethnolinguistic Identity and Television Use in a Minority Language Setting. Journal of Media Psychology.
• Harwood, J., & Vincze, L. (2015). Ethnolinguistic identification, vitality, and gratifications for television use in a bilingual media environment. Journal of Social Issues, 71(1), 73--89.
• Harwood, J., Joyce, N., Chen, C., Paolini, S., Xiang, J., & Rubin, M. (2015). Effects of Past and Present Intergroup Communication on Perceived Fit of an Outgroup Member and Desire for Future Intergroup Contact. Communication Research, 0093650214565926.
• Joyce, N., & Harwood, J. (2015). Context and identification in persuasive mass communication. Journal of Media Psychology.
• Pitts, M. J., & Harwood, J. (2015). Communication accommodation competence: The nature and nurture of accommodative resources across the lifespan. Language \& Communication, 41, 89--99.
• Pitts, M. J., & Harwood, J. T. (2015). ). Communication accommodation competence: The nature and nurture of accommodative resources across the lifespan. Language and Communication.
• Seate, A. A., Joyce, N., Harwood, J., & Arroyo, A. (2015). Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Positive Intergroup Contact: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach to Understanding Intergroup Attitudes. Communication Quarterly, 63(2), 135--155.
• Springer, S. A., & Harwood, J. (2015). The Influence of Episodic and Thematic Frames on Policy and Group Attitudes: Mediational Analysis. Human Communication Research, 41(2), 226--244.
• Vincze, L., & Harwood, J. (2015). Language competence as a moderator of ethnolinguistic identity gratifications among three language minorities in Europe. Studies in Communication Sciences.
• Arroyo, A., & Harwood, J. (2014). Theorizing Fat Talk. Communication Yearbook 38, 175--205.
• Arroyo, A., Segrin, C., & Harwood, J. (2014). Appearance-Related Communication Mediates the Link Between Self-Objectification and Health and Well-Being Outcomes. Human Communication Research, 40(4), 463--482.
• Harwood, J. (2014). Easy Lies. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 0261927X14534657.
• Joyce, N., & Harwood, J. (2014). Context and identification in persuasive mass communication. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 26(1), 50--57.
• Paolini, S., Harwood, J., Rubin, M., Husnu, S., Joyce, N., & Hewstone, M. (2014). Positive and extensive intergroup contact in the past buffers against the disproportionate impact of negative contact in the present. European Journal of Social Psychology.
• Pitts, M. J., & Harwood, J. (2014). Communication accommodation competence: The nature and nurture of accommodative resources across the lifespan. Language & Communication.
• Springer, S. A., & Harwood, J. (2014). The Influence of Episodic and Thematic Frames on Policy and Group Attitudes: Mediational Analysis. Human Communication Research.
• Vincze, L., & Harwood, J. (2014). Objective local vitality and linguistic networks as predictors of perceived vitality. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 35(3), 209--215.
• Harwood, J., Hewstone, M., Amichai-Hamburger, Y., & Tausch, N. (2013). Intergroup contact: An integration of social psychological and communication perspectives. Communication Yearbook, 36, 55--95.
• Ortiz, M., & Harwood, J. (2013). The Subjective Group Dynamics of Inter-and Intragroup Criminality in the News The Role of Prior Television News Viewing as a Moderator. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(3), 540--558.
• Vincze, L., & Harwood, J. (2013). Improving intergroup attitudes via mediated intergroup contact in a bilingual setting. Multilingua-Journal of Cross-Cultural and Interlanguage Communication, 32(3), 405--421.
• Arroyo, A., & Harwood, J. (2012). Exploring the Causes and Consequences of Engaging in Fat Talk. Journal of Applied Communication Research.
• Arroyo, A., Nev\'arez, N., Segrin, C., & Harwood, J. (2012). The Association between Parent and Adult Child Shyness, Social Skills, and Perceived Family Communication. Journal of Family Communication, 12(4), 249--264.
• Barlow, F. K., Paolini, S., Pedersen, A., Hornsey, M. J., Radke, H. R., Harwood, J., Rubin, M., & Sibley, C. G. (2012). The Contact Caveat: Negative Contact Predicts Increased Prejudice More Than Positive Contact Predicts Reduced Prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(12), 1629--1643.
• Harwood, J. (2012). But some things improve with age [Response article]. British Medical Journal, 344.
• Harwood, J., & Joyce, N. (2012). Intergroup contact and communication. Handbook of intergroup communication, 167--180.
• Harwood, J., & Vincze, L. (2012). Ethnolinguistic identity and television use in a minority language setting.. Journal of Media Psychology: Theories, Methods, and Applications, 24(4), 135.
• Harwood, J., & Vincze, L. (2012). Undermining stereotypes of linguistic groups through mediated intergroup contact. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 31(2), 157--175.
• Joyce, N., & Harwood, J. (2012). Improving Intergroup Attitudes through Televised Vicarious Intergroup Contact: Social Cognitive Processing of Ingroup and Outgroup Information. Communication Research.
• Passalacqua, S. A., & Harwood, J. (2012). VIPS Communication Skills Training for Paraprofessional Dementia Caregivers: An Intervention to Increase Person-Centered Dementia Care. Clinical Gerontologist, 35(5), 425--445.
• Segrin, C., Nevarez, N., Arroyo, A., & Harwood, J. (2012). Family of origin environment and adolescent bullying predict young adult loneliness. The Journal of Psychology, 146(1-2), 119--134.
• Shim, C., Zhang, Y. B., & Harwood, J. (2012). Direct and Mediated Intercultural Contact: Koreans' Attitudes toward US Americans. Journal of International and Intercultural Communication, 5(3), 169--188.
• Vincze, L., & Harwood, J. (2012). TV Language, Cultivation, and Perceived Vitality of Hungarians in Slovakia. Communication Research Reports, 29(4), 266--273.
• Raman, P., & Harwood, J. T. (2008). Acculturation of Asian Indian Sojourners in America: Application of the Cultivation Framework. The Southern Communication Journal, 73(4), 295-311. doi:10.1080/10417940802418809
  More info

  This study examined the influence of watching American television on the acculturation levels of Asian Indian sojourners utilizing tenets of cultivation theory. Consumption of Indian print media an...
• Harwood, J. T., Hewstone, M., Paolini, S., & Voci, A. (2005). Grandparent-grandchild contact and attitudes toward older adults: Moderator and mediator effects | NOVA. The University of Newcastle's Digital Repository. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.
• Harwood, J. T., & Anderson, K. (2002). The Presence and Portrayal of Social Groups on Prime-Time Television. Communication Reports, 15(2), 81-97. doi:10.1080/08934210209367756
  More info

  This paper describes a content analysis of the presence and portrayal of age, sex and ethnic groups in all prime‐time dramas and comedies from the major networks in 1999. Older adult, child, female, and Latino characters were underrepresented, whereas middle‐aged, male, and white characters were overrepresented. No group differences were found in terms of whether the characters were shown in major or minor roles. A measure incorporating assessments of attractiveness, quality of dress, personality, and story function revealed that older characters, males, and Latino characters were portrayed somewhat less positively than others. Results are discussed in terms of socialization processes and intergroup theory.
• Harwood, J. T., Geiger, W. L., & Bruning, J. (2001). Talk about TV: Television viewers’ interpersonal communication about programming. Communication Reports, 14(1), 49-57. doi:10.1080/08934210109367736
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  This research examined the ways in which television viewers talk about programming. Survey results showed that individuals talked more about news and prime‐time television programs than other types of programs. Older adults were more likely to discuss highbrow (e.g., PBS) and news programs, whereas younger adults were more likely to discuss niche programming (i.e., soap operas, animation, science fiction). Criticism of shows was common in discussing niche programs, whereas discussion of issues was more likely for news programs. Findings are discussed in terms of media literacy, critical approaches to viewership, and uses and gratifications theory. Implications for the study of interpersonal and mediated communication are addressed.
• Somera, L. P., Noels, K. A., Ng, S. H., Mccann, R. M., Harwood, J. T., Giles, H., Gallois, C., & Cai, D. A. (2001). Older adults' trait ratings of three age-groups around the Pacific rim.. Journal of cross-cultural gerontology, 16(2), 157-71. doi:10.1023/a:1010616316082
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  In this paper, we assess the traits that older adults associate with younger, middle-aged, and older adults in five Pacific Rim nations from Western and Eastern cultural traditions (Australia, People's Republic of China (PRC), Hong Kong, Philippines, Thailand). We find cross-cultural trends which replicate patterns found in the US context. In most cultures, attractiveness, strength, activity, liberalism, health, and flexibility are seen to decline with increasing age. Kindness assessments are positively associated with age across cultures. Mixed patterns are found with assessments of wisdom and generosity, with respondents from the PRC and Hong Kong being notably more negative about increasing age than other respondents. Implications for the aging process across cultures are discussed, and suggestions made for future research.
• Mckee, J., Lin, M., & Harwood, J. T. (2000). Younger and older adults' schematic representations of intergenerational communication. Communication Monographs, 67(1), 20-41. doi:10.1080/03637750009376493
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  The current paper examines younger and older adults’ cognitive representations of intergenerational conversations. In interviews, younger and older adults were asked to imagine various types of conversations with older and younger targets. They were prompted to provide a wide variety of information about the targets and the conversations. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed to uncover types of conversations commonly reported. Through a combination of coding and hierarchical cluster analysis, a hierarchical arrangement of types of conversations emerged in younger and older adults’ descriptions. Each of the types is described in detail. In a second study, exemplars of each type were sorted by younger and older adults and subjected to multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. The results supported the validity of the types from Study 1, and suggested dimensions underlying this arrangement (positive‐negative and helping‐not helping for the younger adults; positive‐negative and high‐low change or...
• Somera, L. P., Pierson, H. D., Ota, H., Ng, S. H., Lim, T. S., Harwood, J. T., Giles, H., & Gallois, C. (1996). College students' trait ratings of three age groups around the Pacific Rim.. Journal of cross-cultural gerontology, 11(4), 307-17. doi:10.1007/bf00115798
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  In this paper, the traits which younger adults associate with younger, middle-aged, and older adults in a number of Pacific Rim nations were assessed. Two dependent variables ('personal vitality' and 'benevolence') emerged from factor analyses of a series of trait adjectives. Cross cultural trends emerged which replicated patterns found in the US context. Main effects indicated declines in ratings of personal vitality and increases in ratings of benevolence with increasing target-age. However, interesting variations on this pattern emerged in different cultures. In particular, very negative evaluations of aging in Hong Kong, and a lack of differentiation between middle-aged and older adults in the Philippines and New Zealand were found. Little evidence emerged supporting the notion of particular positive evaluations of older adults in Asian cultures.
• Harwood, J. T., Giles, H., & Bourhis, R. Y. (1994). The genesis of vitality theory: historical patterns and discoursal dimensions. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 108(1), 167-206. doi:10.1515/ijsl.1994.108.167
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  Les As. retracent l'origine et le developpement du concept de vitalite ethnolinguistique, ainsi que des instruments qui permettent de le mesurer. Ils presentent ensuite un essai de modele transactif, utile comme cadre conceptuel pour synthetiser l'etendue des recherches, mais egalement pour orienter de futures recherches. Cette approche propose que l'analyse des croyances sur la vitalite, telles qu'elles se manifestent au cours de conversations interpersonnelles et dans les medias peut constituer un complement aux recherches quantitatives actuelles
• Pierson, H. D., Harwood, J. T., Giles, H., Fox, S., & Clement, R. (1994). Perceived vitality of age categories in california and hong kong. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 15(4), 311-318. doi:10.1080/01434632.1994.9994573
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  This paper examines young people's assessments of the subjective vitality (SV) of young, middle‐aged, and elderly targets in Hong Kong and California. This emerged from an interest in the application of the SV framework to age, which is a new development. In addition, we were interested in the relative strength ascribed to the elderly in the two cultures, given western conceptions that the elderly are revered and respected in Asian cultures. The results indicate that, relative to young targets, the elderly are rated as having less vitality in Hong Kong than in California—an effect that was contrary to our expectations. The middle‐aged are seen as having the highest vitality across both cultures. These findings are discussed in terms of recent developments in vitality theory, and the political situation in Hong Kong.
• Harwood, J. T., & Giles, H. (1992). `Don't Make me Laugh': Age Representations in a Humorous Context. Discourse & Society, 3(4), 403-436. doi:10.1177/0957926592003004001
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  The Golden Girls is a highly popular television series which, since its inception in 1985, has received praise for presenting the elderly on television in a positive light. Research, however, has not investigated the messages of the show in any depth and the current study aims to remedy this. A discursive analysis of the show is conducted to identify ways in which the show marks age and achieves humorous effect. The multiple ways in which these effects are achieved are schematized in typology form. Indications that age marking and humor overlap considerably are interpreted in terms of propagating views of aging inconsistent with the show's public agenda'. Specifically, the link, which has theoretical implications, is seen as perpetuating stereotypes of the elderly, by making counter-stereotypical portrayals, quite literally, laughable. The results are discussed in terms of various theoretical positions, as well as more applied production issues.

Poster Presentations

• et., a., Harwood, J. T., Phillips, L. R., Fain, M. J., & Sokan, A. E. (2021, November). Measuring Covid-related Ageism.. Gerontological Society of America annual conference. November, 2021. Virtual: GSA.

Others

• Harwood, J. (2012). But some things improve with age. BMJ (Clinical research ed.).