Saif Arsan Mashaqi

Interests

Research

- The role of gut microbiota as a mediator of obstructive sleep apnea associated comorbidities (obesity and systemic hypertension).- The role of gut dysbiosis in circadian rhythm misalignment.- The impact of sleep disordered breathing and positive airway pressure therapy on hormones and metabolites regulating food intake and energy homeostasis.- Screening for obstructive sleep apnea.

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Chapters

• Mashaqi, S. (2021). Normal Human Sleep. In Pediatric Sleep Medicine. Springer.
• Mashaqi, S. (2019). Tailored Treatment of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness. In Case Book of Sleep Medicine(pp 266-271). USA: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Mashaqi, S., & Mehra, R. (2019). To Treat or Not to Treat: That Is the Central Question. In Sleep Disorders: A Case a Week from the Cleveland Clinic (Second Edition)(pp Chapter 16). USA: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/med/9780190671099.001.0001
• Mashaqi, S., & Krishna, J. (2014). Actigraphy. In Encyclopedia of the Neurological Sciences(pp 36-40). Elsevier.

Journals/Publications

• Mashaqi, S., Rihawi, A., Rangan, P., Ho, K., Khokhar, M., Helmick, S., Ashouri, Y., Combs, D., Ghaderi, I., & Parthasarathy, S. (2023).

  The impact of bariatric surgery on breathing-related polysomnography parameters—Updated systematic review and meta-analysis

  . Frontiers in Sleep, 1. doi:10.3389/frsle.2023.1212936
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  Introduction We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis (SRMA) to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as represented by the following polysomnography (PSG) parameters: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), mean oxygen desaturation (mean SpO 2 ), total sleep time spent with SpO 2 < 90% (T-90), and the nadir of oxygen saturation (L SpO 2 ). Methods A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus databases from inception to March 31, 2023. Only articles written in English were reviewed. The analysis of all outcomes was performed using a random-effects model. We included 30 studies (two randomized controlled trials and 28 observational studies) in the final quantitative synthesis with a total of 1,369 patients. Results We concluded that bariatric surgery (regardless of the type) was associated with reduction in AHI [MD 23.2 events/h (95%CI 19.7, 26.8)], ODI [MD 26.8 events/h (95%CI 21.6, 32.1)], mean SpO 2 [MD−1.94% (95%CI −2.5, −1.4)], T-90 [MD 7.5min (95%CI 5.0, 10.0)], and L SpO 2 [MD 9.0% (95%CI −11.8, −6.3)]. Conclusion Our SRMA results are updates to previously published results and continue to support the positive impact of bariatric surgery on OSA and sleep-related hypoxia.
• Mashaqi, S., Rihawi, A., Rangan, P., Ho, K., Khokhar, M., Helmick, S., Combs, D. A., Ghaderi, I., Parthasarathy, S., & Ashouri, Y. (2023). The impact of bariatric surgery on breathing-related polysomnography parameters—Updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Sleep, 2.
• Mashaqi, S., William, M., Quan, S. F., Combs, D. A., Estep, L., Patel, S. I., Sahni, j., Parthasarathy, S., Mashaqi, S., William, M., Quan, S. F., Combs, D. A., Estep, L., Patel, S. I., Sahni, j., & Parthasarathy, S. (2023). Case report: A case of complete resolution of obstructive and central sleep apnea with Cheyne Stokes breathing in a patient with heart failure 60 days post-left ventricular assist device implantation. Frontiers in Sleep, 2.
• Mashaqi, S., Kallamadi, R., Matta, A., Quan, S. F., Patel, S. I., Combs, D., Estep, L., Lee-Iannotti, J., Smith, C., Parthasarathy, S., & Gozal, D. (2022). Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for COVID-19 Severity-The Gut Microbiome as a Common Player Mediating Systemic Inflammation via Gut Barrier Dysfunction. Cells, 11(9).
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  The novel corona virus that is now known as (SARS-CoV-2) has killed more than six million people worldwide. The disease presentation varies from mild respiratory symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome and ultimately death. Several risk factors have been shown to worsen the severity of COVID-19 outcomes (such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity). Since many of these risk factors are known to be influenced by obstructive sleep apnea, this raises the possibility that OSA might be an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. A shift in the gut microbiota has been proposed to contribute to outcomes in both COVID-19 and OSA. To further evaluate the potential triangular interrelationships between these three elements, we conducted a thorough literature review attempting to elucidate these interactions. From this review, it is concluded that OSA may be a risk factor for worse COVID-19 clinical outcomes, and the shifts in gut microbiota associated with both COVID-19 and OSA may mediate processes leading to bacterial translocation via a defective gut barrier which can then foster systemic inflammation. Thus, targeting biomarkers of intestinal tight junction dysfunction in conjunction with restoring gut dysbiosis may provide novel avenues for both risk detection and adjuvant therapy.
• Mashaqi, S., Laubitz, D., Morales, E. J., De Armond, R., Alameddin, H., Ghishan, F. K., Kiela, P. R., & Parthasarathy, S. (2022). Interactive Effect of Combined Intermittent and Sustained Hypoxia and High-Fat Diet on the Colonic Mucosal Microbiome and Host Gene Expression in Mice. Nature and science of sleep, 14, 1623-1639.
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  Gut dysbiosis can cause cardiometabolic disease. Gut dysbiosis can be independently caused by high-fat diet (HFD) and intermittent hypoxia (IH; characterizing obstructive sleep apnea), but the interactive effect of combined intermittent and sustained hypoxia (IH+SH) (characterizing obesity hypoventilation syndrome) and HFD on gut dysbiosis is unclear. We aimed to investigate the interactive effect of a combination of IH and SH and HFD on proximal colonic microbiota and colonic gene expression pattern.
• Patel, S. I., Zareba, W., LaFleur, B., Couderc, J. P., Xia, X., Woosley, R., Patel, I. Y., Combs, D., Mashaqi, S., Quan, S. F., & Parthasarathy, S. (2022). Markers of ventricular repolarization and overall mortality in sleep disordered breathing. Sleep medicine, 95, 9-15.
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  Variability and prolongation of ventricular repolarization - measured by changes in QT interval and QT variability are independently associated with ventricular arrhythmias, sudden death, and mortality but such studies did not examine the role of sleep-disordered breathing. We aimed to determine whether sleep-disordered breathing moderated the association between measures of ventricular repolarization and overall mortality.
• Quan, S. F., & Mashaqi, S. (2022). The implementation of electronic health records in positive airway pressure tracking systems for better patient care: where are we now?. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 18(3), 693-694. doi:10.5664/jcsm.9858
• Mashaqi, S., & Quan, S. F. (2021). The implementation of electronic health record in positive airway pressure tracking systems for better patient care: where are we now?. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Mashaqi, S., Lee-Iannotti, J., Rangan, P., Celaya, M. P., Gozal, D., Quan, S. F., & Parthasarathy, S. (2021). Obstructive sleep apnea and COVID-19 clinical outcomes during hospitalization: a cohort study. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 17(11), 2197-2204.
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  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an extremely common sleep disorder. A potential association between OSA and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity has been proposed on the basis of similar comorbid medical conditions associated with both OSA and COVID-19.
• Mashaqi, S., Patel, S. I., Combs, D. A., Estep, L., Helmick, S., Machamer, J., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020). The Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation as a Novel Therapy for Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea – A literature Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health.
• Mashaqi, S., Patel, S. I., Combs, D., Estep, L., Helmick, S., Machamer, J., & Parthasarathy, S. (2021). The Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation as a Novel Therapy for Treating Obstructive Sleep Apnea-A Literature Review. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(4).
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  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder that affects all age groups and is associated with many co-morbid diseases (especially cardiovascular diseases). Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the gold standard for treating OSA. However, adherence to PAP therapy has been a major challenge with an estimated adherence between 20% and 80%. Mandibular advancement devices (MAD) are a good alternative option if used in the appropriate patient. MAD are most effective in mild and moderate OSA but not severe OSA. Surgical options are invasive, not appropriate for severe OSA, and associated with pain and long healing time. Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS), or upper airway stimulation (UAS), is a novel therapy in treating moderate and severe degrees of OSA in patients who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy. We reviewed the MEDLINE (PubMed) database. The search process yielded 303 articles; 31 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included. We concluded that hypoglossal nerve stimulation is a very effective and novel alternative therapy for moderate and severe OSA in patients who cannot tolerate CPAP therapy. Adherence to HGNS is superior to CPAP. However, more developments are needed to ensure the highest safety profile.
• Pena Orbea, C., Wang, L., Shah, V., Jehi, L., Milinovich, A., Foldvary-Schaefer, N., Chung, M. K., Mashaqi, S., Aboussouan, L., Seidel, K., & Mehra, R. (2021). Association of Sleep-Related Hypoxia With Risk of COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Mortality in a Large Integrated Health System. JAMA network open, 4(11), e2134241.
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  The influence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and sleep-related hypoxemia in SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and COVID-19 outcomes remains unknown. Controversy exists regarding whether to continue treatment for SDB with positive airway pressure given concern for aerosolization with limited data to inform professional society recommendations.
• Tavoian, D., Ramos-Barrera, L. E., Craighead, D. H., Seals, D. R., Bedrick, E. J., Alpert, J. S., Mashaqi, S., & Bailey, E. F. (2021). Six Months of Inspiratory Muscle Training to Lower Blood Pressure and Improve Endothelial Function in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Above-Normal Blood Pressure and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Protocol for the CHART Clinical Trial. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 8, 760203.
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  Cardiovascular disease is a major global health concern and prevalence is high in adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Lowering blood pressure (BP) can greatly reduce cardiovascular disease risk and physical activity is routinely prescribed to achieve this goal. Unfortunately, many adults with OSA suffer from fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and exercise intolerance-due to poor sleep quality and nocturnal hypoxemia-and have difficulty initiating and maintaining an exercise program. High-resistance inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) is a simple, time-efficient breathing exercise consistently reported to reduce BP in small, selective groups of both healthy and at-risk adults. Herein we present the study protocol for a randomized clinical trial to determine the long-term efficacy of IMST performed regularly for 24 weeks in middle-aged and older adults with OSA. The primary outcome is casual systolic BP. Secondary outcomes are 24-h systolic BP and circulating plasma norepinephrine concentration. Other outcomes include vascular endothelial function (endothelial-dependent and -independent dilation), aortic stiffness, casual and 24-h diastolic BP, and the influence of circulating factors on endothelial cell nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species production. Overall, this trial will establish efficacy of high-resistance IMST for lowering BP and improving cardiovascular health in middle-aged and older adults with OSA. This is a single-site, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. A minimum of 92 and maximum of 122 male and female adults aged 50-80 years with OSA and above-normal BP will be enrolled. After completion of baseline assessments, subjects will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to participate in either high-resistance or sham (low-resistance) control IMST, performed at home, 5 min/day, 5 days/week, for 24 weeks. Repeat assessments will be taken after the 24-week intervention, and after 4 and 12 weeks of free living. This study is designed to assess the effects of 24 weeks of IMST on BP and vascular function. The results will characterize the extent to which IMST can reduce BP when performed over longer periods (i.e., 6 months) than have been assessed previously. Additionally, this study will help to determine underlying mechanisms driving IMST-induced BP reductions that have been reported previously. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Registration Number: NCT04932447; Date of registration June 21, 2021).
• Badran, M., Mashaqi, S., & Gozal, D. (2020). The gut microbiome as a target for adjuvant therapy in obstructive sleep apnea. Expert opinion on therapeutic targets, 24(12), 1263-1282.
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  : Gut dysbiosis is assumed to play a role in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)-associated morbidities. Pre- and probiotics, short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and fecal matter transplantation (FMT) may offer potential as novel therapeutic strategies that target this gut dysbiosis. As more mechanisms of OSA-induced dysbiosis are being elucidated, these novel approaches are being tested in preclinical and clinical development. : We examined the evidence linking OSA to gut dysbiosis and discuss the effects of pre- and probiotics on associated cardiometabolic, neurobehavioral and gastrointestinal disorders. The therapeutic potential of SCFA and FMT are also discussed. We reviewed the National Center for Biotechnology Information database, including PubMed and PubMed Central between 2000 - 2020. : To date, there are no clinical trials and only limited evidence from animal studies describing the beneficial effects of pre- and probiotic supplementation on OSA-mediated dysbiosis. Thus, more work is necessary to assess whether prebiotics, probiotics and SCFA are promising future novel strategies for targeting OSA-mediated dysbiosis.
• Berryhill, S., Morton, C. J., Dean, A., Berryhill, A., Provencio-Dean, N., Patel, S. I., Estep, L., Combs, D., Mashaqi, S., Gerald, L. B., Krishnan, J. A., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020). Effect of wearables on sleep in healthy individuals: a randomized crossover trial and validation study. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 16(5), 775-783.
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  The purpose of this study was to determine whether a wearable sleep-tracker improves perceived sleep quality in healthy participants and to test whether wearables reliably measure sleep quantity and quality compared with polysomnography.
• Combs, D., Hsu, C. H., Bailey, O., Patel, S. I., Mashaqi, S., Estep, L., Provencio-Dean, N., Lopez, S., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020). Differences in sleep timing and related effects between African Americans and non-Hispanic Whites. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
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  Prior studies have shown a morning chronotype for African Americans compared to non-Hispanic Whites, yet self-reported sleep timing is delayed in African Americans compared to Whites.
• Mashaqi, S., & Gozal, D. (2020). "Circadian misalignment and the gut microbiome. A bidirectional relationship triggering inflammation and metabolic disorders"- a literature review. Sleep medicine, 72, 93-108.
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  Over the last decade, emerging studies have related the gut microbiome and gut dysbiosis to sleep and sleep disorders. For example, intermittent hypoxia associated with obstructive sleep apnea was shown to reproducibly alter the gut microbiome. Circadian rhythm disorders (CRD) (eg, shift work disorders, delayed sleep phase syndrome, and advanced sleep phase syndrome) constitute another group of conditions that might be influenced by gut dysbiosis. Indeed, both central and peripheral clocks can affect and be affected by gut microbiota and their metabolites. In addition, the tight rhythmic regulation of almost all metabolic pathways involved in the anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and lipids in addition to detoxification processes that take place in specific cells could be ultimately linked to changes in the microbiota. Since there are no studies to date examining the impact of gut dysbiosis on delayed sleep phase and advanced sleep phase syndrome, and considering the ever-increasing number of people engaging in shift work, more accurate and informed delineation of the association between gut dysbiosis and shift work can provide guidance and opportunities for new avenues of treating circadian rhythm disorders and preventing the metabolic complications of shiftwork via restoration of gut dysbiosis. In this review, the potential bidirectional relationships between gut dysbiosis and circadian rhythm misalignment, their impact on different metabolic pathways, and the potential development of metabolic and systemic disorders, especially in shift work models are critically assessed.
• Mashaqi, S., & Gozal, D. (2020). The impact of obstructive sleep apnea and PAP therapy on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality based on age and gender - a literature review. Respiratory investigation, 58(1), 7-20.
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  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder which negatively impacts different body systems, especially the cardiovascular system. The correlation between sleep related breathing disorders and cardiovascular diseases has been well studied. However, the impact of OSA on cardiovascular related mortality and the role of positive airway pressure therapy in decreasing mortality is unclear. We reviewed studies investigating the impact of OSA on all-cause and cardiovascular related mortality in both genders, and in different age groups.
• Mashaqi, S., Mansour, H. M., Alameddin, H., Combs, D., Patel, S., Estep, L., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 as a messenger in the crosstalk between obstructive sleep apnea and comorbid systemic hypertension, cardiac remodeling, and ischemic stroke: a literature review. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
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  Obstructive sleep apnea is a common sleep disorder. There is a strong link between sleep related breathing disorders and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a biological marker for extracellular matrix degradation which plays a significant role systemic hypertension, myocardial infarction and post-MI heart failure, and ischemic stroke. This manuscript reviews MMP-9 as an inflammatory mediator and a potential messenger between OSA and OSA-induced comorbidities.
• Mashaqi, S., Staebler, D., & Mehra, R. (2020). Combined nocturnal pulse oximetry and questionnaire-based obstructive sleep apnea screening - A cohort study. Sleep medicine, 72, 157-163.
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  Screening for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in both inpatient and outpatient settings to pursue diagnostic testing is becoming increasingly relevant, particularly given the estimates of 85-90% of patients with OSA remaining undiagnosed. Although many questionnaires are available for OSA screening, the STOP-BANG questionnaire is becoming increasingly used due to ease of use and positive performance characteristics. The utility of nocturnal oximetry, in conjunction with standard questionnaire-based strategies to enhance OSA screening in adults, has yet to be systematically examined.
• Pandey, A., Mereddy, S., Combs, D., Shetty, S., Patel, S. I., Mashaq, S., Seixas, A., Littlewood, K., Jean-Luis, G., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020). Socioeconomic Inequities in Adherence to Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Population-Level Analysis. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(2).
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  (a) Background: In patients with sleep apnea, poor adherence to positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy has been associated with mortality. Regional studies have suggested that lower socioeconomic status is associated with worse PAP adherence but population-level data is lacking. (b) Methods: De-identified data from a nationally representative database of PAP devices was geo-linked to sociodemographic information. (c) Results: In 170,641 patients, those in the lowest quartile of median household income had lower PAP adherence (4.1 + 2.6 hrs/night; 39.6% adherent by Medicare criteria) than those in neighborhoods with highest quartile median household income (4.5 + 2.5 hrs/night; 47% adherent by Medicare criteria; < 0.0001). In multivariate regression, individuals in neighborhoods with the highest income quartile were more adherent to PAP therapy than those in the lowest income quartile after adjusting for various confounders (adjusted Odds Ratio (adjOR) 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14, 1.21; < 0.0001). Over the past decade, PAP adherence improved over time (adjOR 1.96; 95%CI 1.94, 2.01), but health inequities in PAP adherence remained even after the Affordable Care Act was passed. (d) Conclusion: In a nationally representative population, disparities in PAP adherence persist despite Medicaid expansion. Interventions aimed at promoting health equity in sleep apnea need to be undertaken.
• Mashaqi, S., & Badr, M. S. (2019). The Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Positive Airway Pressure Therapy on Metabolic Peptides Regulating Appetite, Food Intake, Energy Homeostasis, and Systemic Inflammation: A Literature Review. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 15(7), 1037-1050.
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  Sleep-related breathing disorders are very common and highly associated with many comorbid diseases. They have many metabolic consequences that impact appetite, energy expenditure, and systemic inflammation. These consequences are mediated through peptides (eg, ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, obestatin, and neuropeptide Y).
• Mashaqi, S., & Gozal, D. (2019). Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Systemic Hypertension: Gut Dysbiosis as the Mediator?. Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 15(10), 1517-1527.
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  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and systemic hypertension (SH) are common and interrelated diseases. It is estimated that approximately 75% of treatment-resistant hypertension cases have an underlying OSA. Exploration of the gut microbiome is a new advance in medicine that has been linked to many comorbid illnesses, including SH and OSA. Here, we will review the literature in SH and gut dysbiosis, OSA and gut dysbiosis, and whether gut dysbiosis is common in both conditions.
• Mashaqi, S., & Johnson, K. (2018). Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Patient with Fragile X Syndrome. Journal of Sleep Disorders - Treatment and Care, 7(1). doi:10.4172/2325-9639.1000206
• Mashaqi, S., Steffen, K., Crosby, R., & Garcia, L. (2018). The Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Sleep Disordered Breathing Parameters From Overnight Polysomnography and Home Sleep Apnea Test. Cureus, 10(5), e2593.
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  Background Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder, especially in patients with obesity. Bariatric surgery is an effective tool to reduce weight and treat co-morbid diseases in patients with morbid obesity. One of these disorders is OSA. The most common bariatric procedures currently performed are Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Objectives Our study demonstrates that bariatric surgery is a very effective tool to reduce the severity of OSA, if not resolve it. Methods The medical charts of nine patients who had OSA and underwent bariatric surgery (LSG or RYGB) were reviewed and the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was compared before and after surgery. The study was conducted at the Sanford sleep center which is affiliated with the University of North Dakota School of Medicine. Results One patient was excluded from the statistical analysis since he was the only male patient, the remaining nine female patients had a significant reduction in AHI after surgery. The mean AHI before surgery was 40 events per hour and seven events per hour after surgery (P 0.004). The mean follow-up with sleep study after surgery was 16 months. The mean reduction in AHI was 80%. There was also an improvement in oxygen saturation (SpO2) before and after surgery (90% and 94% respectively, P 0.008). Conclusion The study confirms the significant reduction in AHI after bariatric surgery in female patients with OSA especially short term (one to two years postoperatively).
• Mashaqi, S., Hennessy, J., Eaton, M., & Erickson, J. (2017). Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Patient with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. Cureus, 9(12), e1993.
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  Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder that is characterized by specific facial, skeletal, and behavioral features associated with variable degrees of intellectual disabilities. Sleep disturbances have been reported in patients with CdLS including insomnia, sleep-disordered breathing, intrinsic sleep disorders, and circadian rhythm disorders. The prevalence of sleep-related breathing disorders, in particular, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), was conducted using validated questionnaires. We report the first case of CdLS that confirmed a moderate to severe degree of OSA using overnight polysomnography, which is the gold standard diagnostic test for OSA.
• Mashaqi, S., McClelland, C., & Lee, M. (2017). Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Patient with Bilateral, Sequential Non-arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy. Journal of Sleep Disorders -Treatment and Care, 6(3). doi:10.4172/2325-9639.1000199

Poster Presentations

• Lee-Iannotti, J., Rangan, P., Mashaqi, S., & Celaya, M. P. (2023, October). Baseline Assessment of Behavioral Factors Related to Consciousness in Personal Transformation and Well-Being of Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity. Harvard Consciousness- Science, Spirituality, and Social Impact Conference. Boston: Harvard.
• Mashaqi, S., Mashaqi, S., Combs, D. A., Combs, D. A., LaFleur, B. J., LaFleur, B. J., Patel, I., Patel, I., Patel, S. I., Patel, S. I., Parthasarathy, S., Parthasarathy, S., Zareba, W., Zareba, W., Couderc, J., Couderc, J., Xia, X., & Xia, X. (2021, June 10-13). The association of QTc and QT Variability with Severity of Sleep Disordered Breathing. SLEEP. Virtual: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Mashaqi, S., Patel, S. I., Mashaqi, S., Woosley, R., Zareba, W., Woosley, R., Woosley, R., Combs, D. A., Combs, D. A., LaFleur, B. J., Combs, D. A., LaFleur, B. J., Couderc, J., LaFleur, B. J., LaFleur, B. J., Patel, I., Xia, X., Patel, I., Patel, I., , Patel, S. I., et al. (2021, June 10-13). The Relationship between Sleep Disordered Breathing, Markers of Ventricular Repolarization and Cardiovascular Mortality. SLEEP. Virtual: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Mashaqi, S., Pena Orbea, C., Wang, L., Shah, V., Jehi, L., Milinovich, A., Foldvary-Schaefer, N., Chung, M. K., & Mehra, R. (2021, June 10-13). Sleep Disordered Breathing Polysomnographic Measures and Risk of COVID-19 Adverse Clinical Outcomes. SLEEP. Virtual: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Xia, X., Patel, S. I., Zareba, W., Couderc, J., Zareba, W., LaFleur, B. J., Couderc, J., Parthasarathy, S., Xia, X., Mashaqi, S., Patel, I., Woosley, R., LaFleur, B. J., Combs, D. A., Combs, D. A., Patel, I., Woosley, R., Mashaqi, S., Patel, S. I., & Parthasarathy, S. (2021, June 10-13). The Relationship between Sleep Disordered Breathing, Markers of Ventricular Repolarization and Cardiovascular Mortality. SLEEP. Virtual: American Academy of Sleep Medicine.
• Parthasarathy, S., Lopez, S., Provencio-Dean, N., Estep, L., Mashaqi, S., Patel, S. I., & Combs, D. (2020, June). Objective differences in sleep timing between African Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites. 2020 meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies. Philadelphia, PA.
• Combs, D., Patel, S. I., Mashaqi, S., Estep, L., Provencio-Dean, N., Lopez, S., & Parthasarathy, S. (2020, June). Objective differences in sleep timing between African Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites. 2020 meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies. Philadelphia, PA.