Elise Gornish

Interests

Teaching

Women in STEM, Ecological Restoration, Opportunities in Cooperative Extension, Global Change, Plant Ecology

Research

Vegetation Management, Ecological Restoration, Drought, Plant-Soil interactions

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Books

• Gornish, E. (2022). A kids guide to ecological restoration.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Guía de restauración ecológica para niños.
• Gornish, E. S., & Shaw, J. (2017). Restoration Manual for Annual Grassland Systems in California. University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. doi:10.3733/UCANR.8575
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  Author(s): Gornish, Elise S; Shaw, Julea | Abstract: Widespread development and massive degradation are quickly eroding the persistence and health of annual grassland systems. This guide was developed to give practitioners of any experience level an overview of considerations for grassland restoration design and application that will be right for their situation. Here you’ll find ways to effectively improve grassland conditions in monetarily and logistically feasible ways. This publication focuses on restoration species choice, because species identity can be the dominant driver of achieving a restoration goal—included is an extensive appendix matching geographic area and soil type to appropriate species for consideration. The techniques presented are the result of years of experience from research scientists and non-academic practitioners and synthesizes published and unpublished data in one handy source. Sections include: Identifying Restoration Goals and Desired Outcomes: Biodiversity Pollinator Habitat Wildlife Habitat Erosion Control Forage for Grazing Animals Carbon Storage/Nutrient Cycling Pre-Vegetation Techniques Plant Materials Revegetation Techniques Discussion of 83 species with brief description of pros and cons Extensive references

Journals/Publications

• Ganjurjav, H., Li, M., Han, L., Sha, Y., Li, Z., Han, X., Ji, G., Wu, R., Ma, Y., Hu, G., Gornish, E., & Gao, Q. (2024). Reseeding increased plant biomass production and soil fertility, but not plant species diversity in degraded grasslands in China. Journal of Environmental Management, 370. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122966
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  Reseeding is a primary measure to restore degraded grasslands. Numerous studies have conducted experiments to investigate how the properties of grassland ecosystems respond to reseeding in China. However, there is a lack of summary of the results of these studies. Here, we conducted a hierarchical random-effects meta-analysis on the effects of reseeding on plant, soil, and microbial properties. We collected 19 variables, including plant biomass, species diversity and richness, soil organic carbon content, soil total and available nutrients, soil water content, soil microbial biomass and diversity, and enzyme activity, from a dataset of 1363 paired observations (degraded vs. reseeded) from 75 publications. The results showed that reseeding increased aboveground and belowground plant biomass by 70.2% and 68.0% on average, respectively. Reseeding increased soil organic carbon, phosphorus, and potassium contents, but did not affect soil nitrogen levels. Reseeding increased soil microbial nitrogen under conditions of tillage and fertilization. Reseeding age was found to have a positive correlation with species richness, while planting type, fertilization, and tillage did not have a significant impact on the species richness and diversity. Under the treatments of fertilization, non-tillage, and mix-planting, the response ratio of aboveground biomass to reseeding was positively correlated with the response ratio of species diversity to reseeding. Our results concluded that current reseeding practices can significantly improve plant biomass production and soil fertility but have minor effects on plant species diversity. These findings indicate that the preservation of biodiversity should receive greater attention from both researchers and practitioners in grassland remediation in China.
• Ossanna, L. Q., Guglielmo, J., Miller, M., Davis, R. H., & Gornish, E. S. (2024). Dryland rock detention structures increase herbaceous vegetation cover and stabilize shrub cover over 10 years but do not directly affect soil fertility. Science of the Total Environment. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170194
  More info

  Rock detention structures (RDS) such as check dams, gabions, and one rock dams are commonly used to mitigate erosion impacts in dryland ephemeral stream channels. RDS increase local water infiltration and floodplain connectivity, reduce sediment transport, and enhance vegetation growth and establishment. In addition to increasing overall vegetation cover, RDS may also buffer against a cycle of vegetation growth and collapse during years of extremely variable precipitation, helping to maintain stable cover. Although widely employed by land managers, success as reported in scientific literature varies, especially with regard to RDS effects on vegetation and soil fertility. We present the results of a 10-year field experiment in southeastern Arizona, USA, designed in collaboration with local land practitioners to measure local in-channel effects of RDS. Over 10 years, cover of herbaceous vegetation (forbs and grasses) doubled from 11 % to 22 % in channels treated with RDS, but did not significantly increase in untreated control channels. Shrub cover in treated channels was significantly less variable than in control channels over time. We analyzed the complex relationships between RDS, vegetation cover, and soil fertility using structural equation modeling (SEM), which represented conditions of the tenth year alone. SEM revealed that RDS did not directly affect soil fertility, as measured by total soil nitrogen, total soil carbon, soil organic matter, microbial richness, and potential nutrient cycling capacity. Notably, SEM did not yield the same trends as temporal monitoring, possibly because our structural equation models could not capture change over time. This discrepancy highlights the need for long-term, frequent monitoring of aboveground and belowground conditions to evaluate treatment success on a management scale. Overall, installing rock detention structures in ephemeral channels in arid and semiarid regions is a low-cost, feasible way to increase channel sediment aggradation, forb, and grass cover; stabilize shrub cover; and combat dryland degradation.
• Ossanna, L., Guglielmo, J., Miller, M., Davis, R., & Gornish, E. (2024). Dryland rock detention structures increase herbaceous vegetation cover and stabilize shrub cover over 10 years but do not directly affect soil fertility. Science of the Total Environment, 917. doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170194
  More info

  Rock detention structures (RDS) such as check dams, gabions, and one rock dams are commonly used to mitigate erosion impacts in dryland ephemeral stream channels. RDS increase local water infiltration and floodplain connectivity, reduce sediment transport, and enhance vegetation growth and establishment. In addition to increasing overall vegetation cover, RDS may also buffer against a cycle of vegetation growth and collapse during years of extremely variable precipitation, helping to maintain stable cover. Although widely employed by land managers, success as reported in scientific literature varies, especially with regard to RDS effects on vegetation and soil fertility. We present the results of a 10-year field experiment in southeastern Arizona, USA, designed in collaboration with local land practitioners to measure local in-channel effects of RDS. Over 10 years, cover of herbaceous vegetation (forbs and grasses) doubled from 11 % to 22 % in channels treated with RDS, but did not significantly increase in untreated control channels. Shrub cover in treated channels was significantly less variable than in control channels over time. We analyzed the complex relationships between RDS, vegetation cover, and soil fertility using structural equation modeling (SEM), which represented conditions of the tenth year alone. SEM revealed that RDS did not directly affect soil fertility, as measured by total soil nitrogen, total soil carbon, soil organic matter, microbial richness, and potential nutrient cycling capacity. Notably, SEM did not yield the same trends as temporal monitoring, possibly because our structural equation models could not capture change over time. This discrepancy highlights the need for long-term, frequent monitoring of aboveground and belowground conditions to evaluate treatment success on a management scale. Overall, installing rock detention structures in ephemeral channels in arid and semiarid regions is a low-cost, feasible way to increase channel sediment aggradation, forb, and grass cover; stabilize shrub cover; and combat dryland degradation.
• Rudolph, J., Gornish, E. S., & Barberán, A. (2024). Plant–plant and plant–soil interactions under drought and the presence of invasive buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris). Biological Invasions. doi:10.1007/s10530-023-03245-7
• Rudolph, J., Gornish, E., & Barberán, A. (2024). Plant–plant and plant–soil interactions under drought and the presence of invasive buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris). Biological Invasions, 26(4). doi:10.1007/s10530-023-03245-7
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  Soil microbiomes could mediate plant responses to interacting environmental changes such as drought and plant invasion. We used a greenhouse experiment to assess changes in soil bacterial/archaeal and fungal communities, and competition between buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris; an African perennial C4 bunchgrass introduced in the Sonoran Desert) and two native Sonoran Desert plants (i.e., Aristida purpurea and Plantago patagonica) under experimental drought. We found that buffelgrass benefitted from growing in the vicinity of native plants, particularly in drier conditions, and that this effect might be mediated by higher bacterial richness and an increased proportion of putative nitrogen-fixing bacteria in surrounding soil. Overall, plant–soil interactions are key to understand the interactive effects of abiotic and biotic stressors, and thus, critical to the management and restoration of invaded ecosystems.
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Changes in plant species dominance maintain community biomass production under warming and precipitation addition in temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, China

  . Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109671
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  Dominant species play a crucial role in regulating plant community structure and productivity. Climate change affects community productivity by changing plant traits and resource use efficiency. However, the response of the productivity of a dominant species to warming and precipitation addition and the related effects on community biomass production in semi-arid grasslands remain unclear. We conducted a ten-year warming and precipitation addition study of a semi-arid steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. We examined the responses of community composition, biomass production, and trait and resource use efficiency of two dominant species, Leymus chinensis (rhizome grass) and Stipa krylovii. The results show that warming and precipitation increased the biomass of L. chinensis and decreased the biomass of S. krylovii. Community biomass production was unchanged under warming and precipitation from the contrasting changes in the two dominant species. Warming significantly increased the leaf area (LA) of L. chinensis and S. krylovii compared to that in ambient conditions, while it decreased the specific leaf area (SLA) and δ13C of S. krylovii. Increases in temperature stimulated biomass production of L. chinensis by affecting salicylic acid (SA) and GA (gibberellin), and they increased its competitive ability compared with that of S. krylovii. Our results highlight the different responses of L. chinensis and S. krylovii to environmental changes, which stabilised community productivity under warming and precipitation. Our study provides evidence that S. krylovii may be replaced by L. chinensis in steppe climates in the warmer and wetter future.
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Convergence and divergence in science and practice of urban and rural forest restoration

  . Biological Reviews. doi:10.1111/brv.13022
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  Forest restoration has never been higher on policymakers' agendas. Complex and multi-dimensional arrangements across the urban-rural continuum challenge restorationists and require integrative approaches to strengthen environmental protection and increase restoration outcomes. It remains unclear if urban and rural forest restoration are moving towards or away from each other in practice and research, and whether comparing research outcomes can help stakeholders to gain a clearer understanding of the interconnectedness between the two fields. This study aims to identify the challenges and opportunities for enhancing forest restoration in both urban and rural systems by reviewing the scientific evidence, engaging with key stakeholders and using an urban-rural forest restoration framework. Using the Society for Ecological Restoration's International Principles as discussion topics, we highlight aspects of convergence and divergence between the two fields to broaden our understanding of forest restoration and promote integrative management approaches to address future forest conditions. Our findings reveal that urban and rural forest restoration have convergent and divergent aspects. We emphasise the importance of tailoring goals and objectives to specific contexts and the need to design different institutions and incentives based on the social and ecological needs and goals of stakeholders in different regions. Additionally, we discuss the challenges of achieving high levels of ecological restoration and the need to go beyond traditional ecology to plan, implement, monitor, and adaptively manage restored forests. We suggest that rivers and watersheds could serve as a common ground linking rural and urban landscapes and that forest restoration could interact with other environmental protection measures. We note the potential for expanding the creative vision associated with increasing tree-containing environments in cities to generate more diverse and resilient forest restoration outcomes in rural settings. This study underscores the value of integrative management approaches in addressing future forest conditions across the urban-rural continuum. Our framework provides valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and decision-makers to advance the field of forest restoration and address the challenges of restoration across the urban-rural continuum. The rural-urban interface serves as a convergence point for forest restoration, and both urban and rural fields can benefit from each other's expertise.
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Dominant species determine grazing effects on the stability of herbaceous community production at multiple scales in drylands

  . Journal of Applied Ecology. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14469
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Dryland Rock Detention Structures Increase Herbaceous Vegetation Cover and Stabilize Shrub Cover Over 10 Years But Do Not Directly Affect Soil Fertility

  . Science of the Total Environment. doi:10.2139/ssrn.4610928
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Pre‐fire grazing and herbicide treatments can affect post‐fire vegetation in a Great Basin rangeland

  . Ecological Solutions and Evidence. doi:10.1002/2688-8319.12215
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Relationship between local-scale topography and vegetation on the invasive C₄ perennial bunchgrass buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) size and reproduction

  . Invasive Plant Science and Management. doi:10.1017/inp.2023.9
• Gornish, E. (2023).

  Youth engagement in ecological restoration

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13916
• Gornish, E. S., Farrell, H. L., Munson, S. M., Butterfield, B. J., Duniway, M. C., Faist, A. M., Havrilla, C. A., Larios, L., Reed, S. C., Rowe, H. I., Laushman, K. M., & McCormick, M. L. (2023). Soil surface treatments and precipitation timing determine seedling development across southwestern US restoration sites. Ecological Applications. doi:10.1002/eap.2834
• Gornish, E., Campbell, C., Svejcar, L., Munson, S., Vaughn, K., Spaeth, M., Yellenik, S., Wolf, A., & Mitchell, R. M. (2023). Functional traits are used in restoration practice: a response to Merchant et al. 2022. Restoration Ecology, e13880.
• Gornish, E., Guo, J., Porensky, L., Perryman, B., & Leger, E. (2023). Pre-fire grazing and herbicide treatments can affect post-fire vegetation in a Great Basin rangeland. Ecological Solutions and Evidence, e12215.
• Hovanes, K., Lien, A., Baldwin, E., Li, M., Franklin, K., & Gornish, E. (2023). Relationships between local-scale topography and vegetation and invasive C4 perennial bunchgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) size and reproduction . Invasive Plant Science and Management, 38-46.
• Hovanes, K., Lien, A., Baldwin, E., Li, Y., Franklin, K., & Gornish, E. (2022). Effects of local scale topography and density on invasive C4 perennial bunchgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) size and reproduction.. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 15.
• Lauman, S., Martyn, T., Begay, M., Hovanes, K., Rodden, I., Ossanna, L., & Gornish, E. (2023). Youth engagement in ecological restoration. Restoration Ecology, e13916.
• Mitchell, R., Gornish, E. S., Campbell, C., Svejcar, L., Munson, S. M., Vaughn, K., Spaeth, M. K., Yelenik, S. G., & Wolf, A. (2023). Functional traits are used in restoration practice: a response to Merchant et al. (2022). Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13880
• Munson, S., Farrell, H., Butterfield, B., Duniway, M., Faist, A., Gornish, E., Havrilla, C., Larios, L., Reed, S., Rowe, H., Laushman, K., & McCormick, M. (2023). Soil surface treatments and precipitation timing determine seedling development across southwestern USA restoration sites. Ecological Applications, e2834.
• Romanelli, J., Piana, M., Klaus, V., Brancalion, P., Murcia, C., Cardou, F., Wallace, K., Adams, C., Martin, P., Burton, P., Diefenderfer, H., Gornish, E., Stanturf, J., Beyene, M., Santos, J., Rodrigues, R., & Cadotte, M. (2023). Convergence and divergence in science and practice of urban and rural forest restoration. Biological Reviews, 295-312.
• Wan, Z., Ganjurjav, H., Gu, R., Hu, G., Gornish, E., Chun, X., Zhou, H., & Gao, Q. (2023). Changes in plant species dominance maintain community biomass production under warming and precipitation addition in temperate steppe in Inner Mongolia, China. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 109671.
• Zuo, X., Gornish, E., Koerner, S., van der Plas, F., Wang, S., & Liang, M. (2023). Dominant species determine grazing effects on the stability of herbaceous community production at multiple scales in drylands. Journal of Applied Ecology, 1917-1928.
• Barberan, A., Yang, B., Balazs K, K., Gornish, E., Munson, S., Butterfield, B., Laushman, K., Laushman, K., Butterfield, B., Munson, S., Balazs K, K., Gornish, E., Yang, B., & Barberan, A. (2021). Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland ecosystems?. Journal of Applied Ecology, NA.
• Ganjurjav, H., Hu, G., Gornish, E., Zhang, Y., Li, Y., Wu, H., Yan, J., He, S., Danjin, L., & Gao, Q. (2022). Warming tends to decrease    ecosystem carbon and water use efficiency in dissimilar ways in an alpine meadow and a cultivated grassland in the Tibetan Plateau. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology.
• Gill, A., Fehmi, J. S., & Gornish, E. (2021). Biotic and abiotic factors important for Palmer's agave restoration in Lehmann lovegrass dominated areas. Ecological Restoration, NA.
• Gill, A., Oliver, J. C., Fitting, H., Kubby, B., & Gornish, E. (2021). Restoring Palmer’s agave in a Lehmann lovegrass dominated grassland in Southeastern Arizona. Restoration Ecology.
• Gill, A., Oliver, J. C., Fitting, H., Kubby, B., & Gornish, E. (2022). Restoring Palmer’s agave in a Lehmann lovegrass dominated grassland in Southeastern Arizona. Restoration Ecology, e13668. doi:10.1111/rec.13668
• Gornish, E. (2022).

  Efficacy of strip seeding to restore grassland plant communities

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13822
• Gornish, E. (2022).

  Granivorous ants prefer small and unprotected seeds—implications for restoration in arid ecosystems

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13759
• Gornish, E. (2022).

  Russian thistle (Salsola spp.) control in California rangelands over five years

  . Invasive Plant Science and Management. doi:10.1017/inp.2022.9
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  Abstract Russian thistle, also known as tumbleweed ( Salsola spp.), is a problematic invasive plant found on natural and working landscapes. On a California rangeland, we tested the singular and interactive treatments of grazing, herbicide, and seeding to determine how these approaches might influence Salsola cover across a 5-yr experiment. Total Salsola cover declined by 3% annually during the study. A single spring treatment of chlorsulfuron + 2,4-D followed by glyphosate applied in the fall just before seeding, and then 2,4-D the following spring, significantly reduced Salsola cover compared with the untreated control. Seeded forage species cover increased over time and was significantly higher than seeded native species cover at 5 yr after seeding. However, the seeding treatment had no effect on Salsola cover. Although grazing did not reduce Salsola cover, due to the beneficial effects of grazing on reducing other nonnative species, this study supports the use of an integrated approach of herbicide application, grazing, and seeding to achieve management goals on an arid working landscape.
• Gornish, E. (2022).

  UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration: key considerations for Africa

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13699
• Gornish, E. S., & Ossanna, L. Q. (2022). Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce fast‐growing, invasive non‐native plants: A review and meta‐analysis. Journal of Applied Ecology. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14324
• Gornish, E. S., Gill, A. S., & Fehmi, J. S. (2022). Biotic and Abiotic Factors Important for Palmer’s Agave Restoration in Lehmann Lovegrass Dominated Areas. Ecological Restoration, 40(1), 36-43. doi:10.3368/er.40.1.36
• Gornish, E., & Johnson, S. (2022). Identifying restoration opportunities under mesquite canopies. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Publication.
• Gornish, E., Farrell, H., Law, D., & Funk, J. (2022). Using native plants to control buffelgrass. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Guo, Q., Hu, G., Xu, H., Schwartz, M., Gornish, E., & Zhu, W. (2022). Warming diminished the sustainability of primary productivity in global grass- and forb-dominated ecosystems. Environmental Research Communications.
• Martyn, T., Barberan, A., Blankinship, J., Miller, M., Yang, B., Kline, A., & Gornish, E. (2022). Rock structures improve seedling establishment, litter catchment, fungal richness, and soil moisture in the first year after installation. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, N/A.
• Martyn, T., Kline, A., Kwapich, C., & Gornish, E. (2022). Granivorous ants prefer small and    unprotected seeds – Implications for restoration in arid ecosystems. Restoration Ecology.
• Nsikani, M., Madikizela, B., Geerts, S., Anderson, P., Peer, N., Gornish, E., & Mgana, K. (2022). Decade on ecosystem restoration: key considerations for Africa. Restoration Ecology.
• Oliver, J. C., Kubby, B. K., Gornish, E. S., Gill, A. S., & Fitting, H. (2022). Restoring Palmer's agave in a Lehmann lovegrass dominated grassland in Southeastern Arizona. Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.13668
• Rao, D., Hovanes, K., Smith, E., Davy, J., & Gornish, E. (2022). Russian thistle control in California rangelands over five years. Invasive Plant Science and Management.
• Shaw, J., Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2022). Efficacy of strip seeding to restore native grassland plant communities. Restoration Ecology.
• Williams, J., Gornish, E., & Barberan, A. (2021). Effects of buffelgrass removal and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities during an extreme drought in the Sonoran Desert. Restoration Ecology, NA.
• Williams, J., Gornish, E., & Barberan, A. (2021). Effects of buffelgrass removal and nitrogen addition on soil microbial communities during an extreme grought in the Sonoran Desert. Plant Ecology.
• Yang, B., Balazs, K., Butterfield, B., Laushman, K., Munson, S., Gornish, E., & Barberan, A. (2022). Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland     ecosystems? . Journal of Applied Ecology.
• Zijing, L., Liang, M., Li, Z., Mariotte, P., Tong, X., Dong, L., Zheng, Y., Ma, W., Zhou, L., Wang, L., Wen, L., Tuvhintogtokh, I., Gornish, E., Zhenhua, D., Liang, C., & Li, F. (2021). Plant functional groups mediate the effects of climate and soil actors on species richness and community biomass on the Mongolian Plateau grasslands. Journal of Plant Ecology, NA.
• Farrell, H., Fehmi, J. S., & Gornish, E. (2021). The effects of site preparation equal to those of seeding at a dryland restoration site: 6 years of plant community development. Restoration Ecology, e13482.
• Farrell, H., Funk, J., Law, D., & Gornish, E. (2021). Impacts of drought and native grass competition on Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare). Biological Invasions.
• Ganjurjav, H., Gornish, E., Hu, G., Wu, J., Wang, Y., Li, Y., & Gao, Q. (2021). Phenological changes offset the warming effects on biomass production in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Ecology, 1014-1025.
• Gill, A., Fehmi, J. S., & Gornish, E. (2021). Biotic and abiotic factors important for Palmer's agave restoration in Lehmann lovegrass dominated areas. Ecological Restoration, NA. doi:10.1111/rec.13482
• Gornish, E. (2021).

  Plant functional groups mediate effects of climate and soil factors on species richness and community biomass in grasslands of Mongolian Plateau

  . Journal of Plant Ecology. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtab021
• Gornish, E. (2021).

  The divergent impact of phenology change on the productivity of alpine grassland due to different timing of drought on the Tibetan Plateau

  . Land Degradation & Development. doi:10.1002/ldr.3889
• Gornish, E. S., Yang, B., Balazs, K. R., Butterfield, B. J., Laushman, K. M., Munson, S. M., & Barberán, A. (2021). Does restoration of plant diversity trigger concomitant soil microbiome changes in dryland ecosystems?. Journal of Applied Ecology, 59(2), 560-573. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.14074
• Gornish, E., Begay, M., McCormick, M., & Nsikani, M. (2021). Sharing knowledge to improve ecological restoration outcomes. Restoration Ecology.
• Kyser, G. B., Gornish, E. S., Davy, J. S., & Bean, T. M. (2021). Integration of grazing and herbicide application improves management of barb goatgrass and medusahead in pasture and rangelands. California Agriculture, 1-7. doi:10.3733/ca.2021a0011
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  The invasive annual grasses barb goatgrass (Aegilops triuncialis L.) and medusahead (Elymus caput-medusae L.) are widespread in western states and present management challenges on grasslands. To develop an integrated management strategy for these species, we treated sites in five pastures in Mendocino County, comparing combinations of intensive sheep grazing, glyphosate herbicide (low and high), and application timings (tillering, boot and heading stage). We found that grazing alone reduced barb goatgrass spikelet densities by 68% and the number of seeds per spikelet by 35%. Both rates of glyphosate application without grazing had similar effects on seed production. High and low glyphosate application at tillering resulted in almost complete control of both target species. Boot- and heading-stage applications reduced barb goatgrass density by 39% and 32%, respectively. Application at the boot stage also resulted in an 82% reduction in number of seeds per barb goatgrass spikelet. Our results suggest that intensive grazing may be a useful management strategy to reduce barb goatgrass and medusahead spikelet densities and barb goatgrass seed numbers, especially when integrated with a boot- or heading-stage glyphosate application.
• Liang, M., Feng, X., & Gornish, E. (2021). Rainfall pulses mediate long-term plant community dynamics in a semi-arid rangeland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 708-717.
• Liang, M., Gornish, E., & Mariotte, P. (2021). Plant functional groups mediate the effects of climate and soil factors on species richness and community biomass in grasslands on the Mongolian Plateau. Journal of Plant Ecology.
• Liang, M., Smith, N., Chen, J., Wu, Y., Guo, Z., Gornish, E., & Liang, C. (2021). Shifts in plant composition mediate grazing effects on carbon cycling in grasslands. Journal of Applied Ecology, 518-527.
• McClaran, M. P., Gornish, E. S., Ganjurjav, H., Liang, M., & Simonis, J. L. (2021). Identifying restoration opportunities beneath native mesquite canopies. Restoration Ecology, 29(2). doi:10.1111/rec.13334
• Zheng, H., Qingzhu, G., Gornish, E., & Schwartz, M. (2021). The divergent impact of phenology changing on productivity of alpine grassland to different timing of drought on Tibetan Plateau. Land Degradation & Development.
• Farrell, H., Farrell, H., Barberan, A., Barberan, A., Danielson, R., Danielson, R., Fehmi, J. S., Fehmi, J. S., Gornish, E., & Gornish, E. (2020). Disturbance is more important than seeding or grazing in determining soil microbial communities in a semi-arid grassland. Restoration Ecology.
• Farrell, H., Leger, A., Breed, M., & Gornish, E. (2020). Restoration, soil microbes and soil processes: emerging approaches. Restoration Ecology.
• Gornish, E. (2020).

  Bridging the Research-Implementation Gap in Weed Management on California Rangelands

  . Rangeland Ecology & Management. doi:10.1016/j.rama.2020.01.007
• Gornish, E. (2020).

  Restoration, soil organisms, and soil processes: emerging approaches

  . Restoration Ecology, 28(S4). doi:10.1111/rec.13237
• Gornish, E. S., Liang, M., & Feng, X. (2020). Rainfall pulses mediate long‐term plant community compositional dynamics in a semi‐arid rangeland. Journal of Applied Ecology, 58(4), 708-717. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13780
• Gornish, E., Franklin, K., Rowe, J., & Barberan, A. (2020). Buffelgrass invasion and glyphosate effects on desert soil microbiome communities. Biological Invasions.
• Hasbagan, G., Gornish, E., Quingzhu, G., Guozheng, H., Schwartz, M., Yunfan, W., & Yue, L. (2020). Phenological changes offset the warming effects on biomass production in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Ecology.
• Kyser, G., Davy, J., Bean, T., & Gornish, E. (2020). Integration of grazing and herbicide application to manage Barb Goatgrass (Aegilops triuncialis L.) and Medusahead (Elymus caput-medusae L.) in pasture and rangelands. California Agriculture.
• Li, M., & Gornish, E. (2020). General attributes and practice of ecological restoration in Arizona and California, USA revealed by restoration stakeholder surveys. Restoration Ecology, 1296-1307.
• Li, M., & Gornish, E. (2020). General attributes and practice of ecological restoration in Arizona and California, USA revealed by restoration stakeholder surveys. Restoration Ecology.
• Li, M., Roche, L., & Gornish, E. (2020). Bridging the research-implementation gap in weed management on California rangelands. Rangeland Ecology & Management.
• Liang, M., & Gornish, E. (2019). Rainfall regulation of grazed grasslands. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(15399).
• Liang, M., Feng, X., & Gornish, E. (2020). Rainfall pulses mediate long-term plant community dynamics in a semi-arid rangeland. Journal of Applied Ecology.
• Liang, M., Smith, N., Chen, J., Wu, Y., Guo, Z., Gornish, E., & Liang, C. (2020). Shifts in plant composition mediate grazing effects on carbon cycling in grasslands. Journal of Applied Ecology.
• Qingzhu, G., Schwartz, M., Gornish, E., Fan, W., & Liang, M. (2020). Warming and precipitation addition interact to affect plant spring phenology in alpine meadows on the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology.
• Schohr, T., Gornish, E., Woodmansee, G., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Roche, L. (2020). Practitioner Insights into Weed Management on California's Rangelands and Natural Areas. Environmental Management. doi:10.1007/s00267-019-01238-8
• Shaw, J., Roche, L., & Gornish, E. (2020). The use of spatially-patterned methods for vegetation restoration and management across systems. Restoration Ecology.
• von Holle, B., Yelenik, S., & Gornish, E. (2020). Restoration at the landscape scale as a means of mitigation and adaptation to climate change. Current Landscape Ecology Reports.
• Dechen Silva, A., Roche, L., & Gornish, E. (2019). The use of strip-seeding for management of two late-season invasive plants. Heliyon, 5(e01772).
• Farrell, H., & Gornish, E. (2019). Pennisetum ciliaris: a review of treatment efficacy, competitive traits, and restoration opportunities. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 12, 203-213.
• Gornish, E. (2019).

  General attributes and practice of ecological restoration in Arizona and California, USA revealed by restoration stakeholder surveys

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.17605/osf.io/cvf2d
• Gornish, E. (2019).

  Pennisetum ciliare: a review of treatment efficacy, competitive traits, and restoration opportunities

  . Invasive Plant Science and Management. doi:10.1017/inp.2019.28
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  Abstract Buffelgrass [ Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link] is a drought-tolerant invasive grass that is a threat to native biodiversity in the drylands of the Americas and Australia. Despite efforts from land managers to control P. ciliare , management approaches tend to have mixed success, treatment results can be poorly communicated among entities, and there are few long-term controlled studies. In this literature review, we synthesize data from both peer-reviewed and “gray” literature on the efficacy of management techniques to control P. ciliare and the secondary impacts to native plant communities. Our search resulted in 42 unique sources containing a total of 229 studies that we categorized into 10 treatment types, which included herbicide, seeding, manual removal, fire, grazing, biocontrol, fire + additional treatments, manual removal + additional treatments, herbicide + additional treatments, and herbicide + manual removal. We found that treatments that used multiple techniques in tandem along with follow-up treatments were the most effective at controlling P. ciliare . Fewer than one-third of the studies reported impacts of management on native species, and the most commonly studied treatment (herbicide, N = 130) showed detrimental impacts on native plant communities. However, the average time between treatment and outcome measurement was only 15 mo; we suggest the need for more long-term studies of treatment efficacy and secondary impacts of treatment on the ecosystem. Finally, we conducted a second literature review on P. ciliare biology and traits for mechanisms that allows P. ciliare to alter the invaded environment to facilitate a competitive advantage over native species. We found evidence of self-reinforcing feedbacks of invasion being generated by P. ciliare through its interactions with water availability, nutrient cycling, and disturbance regimes. We developed a conceptual model of P. ciliare based on these feedback loops and offer management considerations based on its invasion dynamics and biology.
• Gornish, E. S., Shaw, J., & Gillespie, B. M. (2019). Using strip seeding to test how restoration design affects randomness of community assembly. Restoration Ecology, 27(6), 1199-1205. doi:10.1111/rec.12988
• Gornish, E., Arnold, H., & Fehmi, J. S. (2019). Review of seed pelletizing strategies for arid land restoration. Restoration Ecology, 27, 1206-1211.
• Hasbagan, G., Yong, Z., Gornish, E., Guozheng, H., Li, Y., Luobu, D., & Qingzhu, G. (2019). Differential resistance and resilience of dunctional groups to livestock grazing maintain ecosystem stability in an alpine steppe on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Environmental Management, 251(109579).
• James, J., Sheley, R., Leger, E., Adler, P., Hardegree, S., Gornish, E., & Rinella, M. (2019). Contribution of subseasonal and multi-year climate variation to seedling recruitment in dryland restoration. Ecological Applications.
• Liang, M., Gornish, E., Mariotte, P., Chen, J., & Liang, C. (2018). Foliar nutrient content mediates the effects of grazing on the relative abundance of dominant and subordinate species. Rangeland Ecology & Management.
• Mariotte, P., Liang, M., Liang, C., Gornish, E. S., & Chen, J. (2019). Foliar Nutrient Content Mediates Grazing Effects on Species Dominance and Plant Community Biomass. Rangeland Ecology & Management, 72(6), 899-906. doi:10.1016/j.rama.2019.08.001
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  Abstract Grazing-induced changes in plant community structure can be altered by the biogeochemical regime of the ecosystem. However, responses of community structure (e.g., changes in biomass, canopy height, and stand density) to grazing-induced changes in foliar nutrient content—whether species-specific or species group-specific (dominant vs. subordinate)—are still poorly studied. We conducted a grazing experiment with four sheep stocking rates in the typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, China. We identified the dominant (Leymus chinensis and Stipa grandis) and subordinate species (Anemarrhena asphodeloides and Cleistogenes squarrosa) and examined grazing-induced changes in the relative abundance and foliar carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents of these species. We explored subsequent consequences on the mechanisms driving grazing-induced succession in grasslands using structural equation models (SEMs). Aboveground biomass and relative abundance increased for S. grandis, decreased for L. chinensis and A. asphodeloides in response to grazing, but did not change for C. squarrosa. Higher grazing intensity increased foliar N and P contents of subordinate species, whereas no changes occurred with increasing grazing intensity for dominant species. SEMs confirmed that the dominants were homeostatic in response to grazing while the subordinates were more flexible and adjusted foliar nutrient content to grazing intensity. Moreover, SEMs indicated that the relative abundance of species was mediated by foliar C content of both groups, whereas community biomass was dependent on foliar N and P content for the dominants but only foliar P content for the subordinates. Our findings highlight that grazing-induced shifts in plant dominance is species specific rather than group specific (dominant vs. subordinate) and that foliar nutrient content has a key role in mediating plant community compositions and biomass under grazing-managed succession.
• Sheley, R. L., Rinella, M. J., Leger, E. A., James, J. J., Hardegree, S. P., Gornish, E. S., & Adler, P. B. (2019). Increased soil temperature and decreased precipitation during early life stages constrain grass seedling recruitment in cold desert restoration. Journal of Applied Ecology, 56(12), 2609-2619. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.13508
• Eastburn, D., Roche, L., Doran, M., Gamble, G., & Gornish, E. (2018). Seeding for Multiple Ecosystem Service Goals. Journal of Environmental Management, 211, 191-197.
• Ganjurjav, H., Gao, Q., & Gornish, E. (2018). Temperature leads to changes of plant community composition and species diversity in alpine meadow and steppe on the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 190, 585.
• Gornish, E. (2018).

  Livestock grazing and topographic site effects on grassland plant communities after long-term grazing cessation

  . The Rangeland Journal. doi:10.1071/rj18020
• Gornish, E. (2018).

  Seeding plants for long-term multiple ecosystem service goals

  . Journal of Environmental Management. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.061
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  The historical management of agroecological systems, such as California's rangelands, have received criticism for a singular focus on agricultural production goals, while society has shifting expectations to the supply of multiple ecosystem services from these working landscapes. The sustainability and the multiple benefits derived from these complex social-ecological systems is increasingly threatened by weed invasion, extreme disturbance, urban development, and the impacts of a rapidly changing and increasingly variable climate. California's grasslands, oak savannas, and oak woodlands are among the most invaded ecosystems in the world. Weed eradication efforts are rarely combined with seeding on these landscapes despite support for the inclusion of the practice in a weed management program. Depending on seed mix choice, cost and long-term uncertainty, especially for native seed, is an impediment to adoption by land managers. We investigated four seeding mixes (forage annual, native perennial, exotic perennial, and exotic-native perennial) to evaluate how these treatments resist reinvasion and support the delivery of simultaneous multiple ecosystem services (invasion resistance, native richness, nitrogen fixing plants, pollinator food sources, plant community diversity, forage quality, and productivity). We found the increase of exotic and native perennial cover will drive resistance to an invading weedy summer flowering forb Centaurea solstitialis but provides a mixed response to resisting invasive annual grasses. The resistance to invasion is coupled with little tradeoff in forage productivity and quality and gains in plant diversity and native cover.
• Gornish, E. (2018).

  Temperature leads to annual changes of plant community composition in alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

  . Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. doi:10.1007/s10661-018-6964-0
• Gornish, E. S., Liang, M., Chen, J., Bai, X., Li, Z., & Liang, C. (2018). Grazing effect on grasslands escalated by abnormal precipitations in Inner Mongolia. Ecology and Evolution, 8(16), 8187-8196. doi:10.1002/ece3.4331
• Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2018). The value of Cooperative Extension for involving society in restoration and conservation. Restoration Ecology, 26, 1051-1054.
• Gornish, E., Case, E., Valle, M., Bean, T., & Moore-O'Leary, K. (2018). A systematic review of management efforts on goatgrass (Aegilops spp) dominance. Plant Ecology, 219, 549-560.
• Gornish, E., Eastburn, D., Oneto, S., & Roche, L. (2018). Livestock grazing effects on grassland plant communities after long-term grazing cessation. Environmental Management, 40, 577-582.
• Liang, M., Chen, J., Gornish, E., Bai, X., Li, Z., & Liang, C. (2018). Grazing effects on grasslands escalated by abnormal precipitation in Inner Mongolia. Ecology & Evolution, 8, 8187-8196.
• Munson, S. M., Mccormick, M. L., Gornish, E. S., Copeland, S. M., Butterfield, B. J., & Bradford, J. B. (2018). Restoration Assessment and Monitoring Program for the Southwest. F1000Research, 7. doi:10.7490/f1000research.1116020.1
• Tiles, K., Roche, L. M., Gornish, E. S., & Coffey, P. L. (2018). Careers in Cooperative Extension. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 16(9), 539-540. doi:10.1002/fee.1971
• Davy, J., Turri, T., Dykier, K., & Gornish, E. (2017). Seeded forages in California annual rangeland. California Agriculture, 15, 487-488.
• Gornish, E. (2017).

  Comparing herbaceous plant communities in active and passive riparian restoration

  . PLoS ONE. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0176338
• Gornish, E. (2017).

  Cooperative Extension is key to unlocking public engagement with science

  . Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 15(9), 487-488. doi:10.1002/fee.1635
• Gornish, E. (2017).

  Initiating & Managing Long-Term Data with Amateur Scientists

  . American Biology Teacher. doi:10.1525/abt.2017.79.1.28
• Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2017). Cooperative Extension holds the key to unlocking public engagement within science. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.
• Gornish, E., Lennox, M., Lewis, D., Tate, K., & Jackson, R. (2017). Comparison of herbaceous plant response to active and passive riparian restoration in a Mediterranean climate. PLoS ONE.
• Hulvey, K. B., Leger, E. A., Porensky, L. M., Roche, L. M., Veblen, K. E., Fund, A., Shaw, J., & Gornish, E. S. (2017). Restoration islands: a tool for efficiently restoring dryland ecosystems?. RESTORATION ECOLOGY, 25, S124-S134.
• Matzek, V., Gornish, E. S., & Hulvey, K. B. (2017). Emerging approaches to successful ecological restoration: five imperatives to guide innovation. RESTORATION ECOLOGY, 25, S110-S113.
• Ryan, W., Gornish, E., Christenson, L., Halpern, S., Henderson, S., LeBuhn, G., & Miller, T. (2017). A toolbox for initiating long-term data collections with students and citizen scientists. American Biology Teacher, 79, 28-34.
• Turri, T., Gornish, E. S., Dykier, K., & Davy, J. S. (2017). Forage seeding in rangelands increases production and prevents weed invasion. California Agriculture, 71(4), 239-248. doi:10.3733/ca.2017a0025
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  Increasing forage productivity in the Sierra foothill rangelands would help sustain the livestock industry as land availability shrinks and lease rates rise, but hardly any studies have been done on forage selections. From 2009 to 2014, in one of the first long-term and replicated studies of seeding Northern California's Mediterranean annual rangeland, we compared the cover of 22 diverse forages to determine their establishment and survivability over time. Among the annual herbs, forage brassica (Brassica napus L.) and chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) proved viable options. Among the annual grasses, soft brome (Bromus hordeaceus) and annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) performed well. However, these species will likely require frequent reseeding to maintain dominance. Long-term goals of sustained dominant cover (> 3 years) are best achieved with perennial grasses. Perennial grasses that persisted with greater than 50% cover were Berber orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata), Flecha tall fescue (Lolium arundinaceum) and several varieties of hardinggrass (Phalaris aquatica L., Perla koleagrass, Holdfast, Advanced AT). In 2014, these successful perennials produced over three times more dry matter (pounds per acre) than the unseeded control and also suppressed annual grasses and yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis L.) cover.
• Ganjurjav, H., Gao, Q., Gornish, E. S., Schwartz, M. W., Liang, Y., Cao, X., Zhang, W., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Wan, Y., Li, Y., Danjiu, L., Guo, H., & Lin, E. (2016). Differential response of alpine steppe and alpine meadow to climate warming in the central Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY, 223, 233-240.
• Gornish, E. (2016).

  Interactions among habitat, management, and demography for an invasive annual grass

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1007/s11258-016-0651-4
• Gornish, E. S., & dos, S. (2016). Invasive species cover, soil type, and grazing interact to predict long-term grassland restoration success. RESTORATION ECOLOGY, 24(2), 222-229.
• Gornish, E. S., Fierer, N., & Barberan, A. (2016). Associations between an Invasive Plant (Taeniatherum caput-medusae, Medusahead) and Soil Microbial Communities. PLOS ONE, 11(9).
• Gornish, E., & James, J. (2016). The effects of habitat and demography on management outcomes for an invasive annual grass. Plant Ecology, 217, 1247-1258.
• Gornish, E., Brusati, E., & Johnson, D. W. (2016). Practitioner perspectives on using nonnative plants for revegetation. CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE, 70(4), 194-199.
• Hulvey, K. B., & Gornish, E. S. (2016). New Ecological Restoration Section at ESA. Ecological Restoration, 34(2), 87-88. doi:10.3368/er.34.2.87
• Gornish, E. (2015).

  Invasive species cover, soil type, and grazing interact to predict long-term grassland restoration success

  . Restoration Ecology. doi:10.1111/rec.12308
• Gornish, E. (2015).

  Positive Species Interactions as Drivers of Vegetation Change on a Barrier Island

  . Journal of Coastal Research. doi:10.2112/jcoastres-d-12-00235.1
• Gornish, E. S., & Leuzinger, S. (2015). Introduction to the Special Issue: Across the horizon: scale effects in global change research. AOB PLANTS, 7.
• Gornish, E. S., & Miller, T. E. (2015). Plant Community Responses to Simultaneous Changes in Temperature, Nitrogen Availability, and Invasion. PLOS ONE, 10(4).
• Gornish, E., & Monge, J. (2015). Mechanisms of facilitation on a barrier island. Journal of Coastal Research, 31, 17-24.
• Gornish, E., James, J., Sheley, R., Rinella, M., Svecar, T., Englund, S., & Aanderud, Z. (2015). Altered snowfall influences early life stage transitions and recruitment of a native and invasive grass in a cold desert. Oecologia, 177, 595-606.
• Harrison, S. P., Gornish, E. S., & Copeland, S. (2015). Climate-driven diversity loss in a grassland community. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 112(28), 8672-8677.
• James, J. J., Gornish, E. S., DiTomaso, J. M., Davy, J., Doran, M. P., Becchetti, T., Lile, D., Brownsey, P., & Laca, E. A. (2015). Managing Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) on Rangeland: A Meta-Analysis of Control Effects and Assessment of Stakeholder Needs. RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT, 68(3), 215-223.
• Gornish, E. (2014).

  Altered snowfall and soil disturbance influence the early life stage transitions and recruitment of a native and invasive grass in a cold desert

  . Oecologia. doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3180-7
• Gornish, E. (2014).

  Demographic effects of warming, elevated soil nitrogen and thinning on the colonization of a perennial plant

  . Population Ecology. doi:10.1007/s10144-014-0442-5
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  Abstract Global change is causing significant modifications to native plant communities. These effects can be direct through changes in productivity, or indirect through the spread of invading species. Identifying vital traits important for individual species’ response to environmental variation could be useful for making predictions about how entire communities may respond to global change. I studied the effects of factors associated with global change on the demography of an experimentally introduced species, Pityopsis aspera . In a Florida old‐field, I investigated how warming, increased soil nitrogen and thinning of the extant plant community affected survival, growth and reproduction of P. aspera using a life table response experiment. The estimated population growth rate ( λ ) of P. aspera was reduced by nitrogen addition, as a result of decreased fecundity. However, λ increased in response to the warming treatment, as a result of increased fecundity. In the presence of thinning, both warming and nitrogen served to increase λ as a result of an increase in the growth of young individuals. This experiment illustrates how different vital rates contribute to the population level responses of an experimentally introduced plant to warming, and nitrogen deposition. Results also show how these demographic responses may occur via indirect effects through established species. This work highlights the importance of studying interactions among temperature, soil nitrogen and demography across the entire life cycle in order to capture the complex and, often, non‐additive relationships mediating global change effects.
• Gornish, E. (2014).

  Foliar functional traits that predict plant biomass response to warming

  . Journal of Vegetation Science. doi:10.1111/jvs.12150
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  Abstract Question Ecologists are increasingly interested in making accurate predictions of plant response to climate change. Many studies have attempted to document plant response to warming by grouping species into functional groups. Within functional groups, however, species often display divergent responses. Determining how foliar functional traits might be used to predict plant responses to warming could reduce analytical complexity while maintaining generalizations across systems. Methods We conducted a meta‐analysis on 18 studies (consisting of 38 species) of plant biomass response to experimental or natural warming. We determined whether plant trait estimates associated with the leaf economics spectrum [leaf life span ( LL ), leaf mass per area ( LMA ), leaf nitrogen ( N mass ), leaf phosphorus ( P mass ), photosynthetic capacity ( A max ) and stomatal conductance ( G s )] from a global plant database of experimentally unmanipulated plants, G lo PN et, could be used to predict biomass response to experimental warming. Results We found that three single leaf traits ( LL , N mass and A max ) were significant predictors for the response of plant biomass to warming treatments, perhaps due to their association with plant growth rates, adaptation rate and ability, each explaining between 21–46% of the variation in plant biomass responses. The magnitude of response to warming decreased with increasing LL , but increased with increasing N mass and A max . We found no linear combination of any of these traits that predicted warming response. Conclusions These results show that foliar traits can aid in understanding the mechanisms by which plants respond to temperature across species. Because each trait only explained a portion of variation in how plant growth responded to warming, however, future studies that examine how plant communities respond to warming should simultaneously measure multiple leaf traits, especially those most sensitive to warming, across plant species, to determine whether the predictive ability of functional traits changes between different ecosystems or plant taxonomic groups.
• Gornish, E. (2014).

  Interactive effects of nitrogen addition, warming and invasion across organizational levels in an old-field plant community

  . AoB PLANTS. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plu061
• Gornish, E. (2014).

  Testing the competition–colonization trade-off with a 32-year study of a saxicolous lichen community

  . Ecology. doi:10.1890/13-0253.1
• Gornish, E. (2014). Demographic effects of warming, elevated soil nitrogen, and native community reduction on the colonization of a perennial plant. Population Ecology, 5, 645-656.
• Gornish, E. (2014). Interactive effects of global change and invasion across levels of organization in an old field plant community. AoB PLANTS, 6.
• Gornish, E., & Prather, C. (2014). Do foliar traits predict how plants respond to warming? A meta analysis. Journal of Vegetation Science, 25, 919-927.
• Pastore, A., Prather, C., Gornish, E., Ryan, C., Ellis, R., & Miller, T. (2014). Testing mechanisms of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis in saxicolous lichen communities. Ecology, 95, 206-315.
• Gornish, E. (2013).

  Community shifts under climate change: Mechanisms at multiple scales

  . American Journal of Botany. doi:10.3732/ajb.1300046
• Gornish, E. (2013).

  Interdisciplinary Climate Change Collaborations Are Essential for Early-Career Scientists

  . EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union. doi:10.1002/2013eo160003
• Gornish, E. (2013).

  The effects of warming, and nitrogen on the colonization and establishment of a novel species

  . PLoS ONE.
• Gornish, E. (2013).

  Using Long-Term Census Data to Inform Restoration Methods for Coastal Dune Vegetation

  . Estuaries & Coasts. doi:10.1007/s12237-013-9617-0
• Gornish, E. (2013). Effects of density and fire on the vital rates and population growth of a perennial goldenaster. AOB PLANTS, 5.
• Gornish, E., & Miller, T. (2013). Using long-term census data to inform restoration methods of coastal dune vegetation. Estuaries & Coasts, 36, 1014-1023.
• Gornish, E., & Tylianakis, J. (2013). Plant community response to global climate change at different scales: A review. American Journal of Botany, 100, 1-13.
• Gornish, E., Hamilton, J., Barberan, A., & Benito, B. (2013). Interdisciplinary climate change collaborations are essential for early-career scientists. EOS, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 94, 151.
• Ibanez, I., Gornish, E. S., Buckley, L., Debinski, D. M., Hellmann, J., Helmuth, B., HilleRisLambers, J., Latimer, A. M., Miller-Rushing, A. J., & Uriarte, M. (2013). Moving forward in global-change ecology: capitalizing on natural variability. ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION, 3(1), 170-181.
• Uriarte, M., Miller-rushing, A. J., Latimer, A. M., Ibanez, I., Hillerislambers, J., Helmuth, B., Hellmann, J. J., Gornish, E. S., Debinski, D. M., & Buckley, L. B. (2012). Moving forward in global-change ecology: capitalizing on natural variability.. Ecology and evolution, 3(1), 170-81. doi:10.1002/ece3.433
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  Natural resources managers are being asked to follow practices that accommodate for the impact of climate change on the ecosystems they manage, while global-ecosystems modelers aim to forecast future responses under different climate scenarios. However, the lack of scientific knowledge about short-term ecosystem responses to climate change has made it difficult to define set conservation practices or to realistically inform ecosystem models. Until recently, the main goal for ecologists was to study the composition and structure of communities and their implications for ecosystem function, but due to the probable magnitude and irreversibility of climate-change effects (species extinctions and loss of ecosystem function), a shorter term focus on responses of ecosystems to climate change is needed. We highlight several underutilized approaches for studying the ecological consequences of climate change that capitalize on the natural variability of the climate system at different temporal and spatial scales. For example, studying organismal responses to extreme climatic events can inform about the resilience of populations to global warming and contribute to the assessment of local extinctions. Translocation experiments and gene expression are particular useful to quantitate a species' acclimation potential to global warming. And studies along environmental gradients can guide habitat restoration and protection programs by identifying vulnerable species and sites. These approaches identify the processes and mechanisms underlying species acclimation to changing conditions, combine different analytical approaches, and can be used to improve forecasts of the short-term impacts of climate change and thus inform conservation practices and ecosystem models in a meaningful way.
• Gornish, E. S., & Miller, T. E. (2010). Effects of storm frequency on dune vegetation. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, 16(10), 2668-2675.
• Miller, T. E., Gornish, E. S., & Buckley, H. L. (2010). Climate and coastal dune vegetation: disturbance, recovery, and succession. PLANT ECOLOGY, 206(1), 97-104.
• Gornish, E. (2009).

  Climate and coastal dune vegetation: disturbance, recovery, and succession

  . Plant Ecology. doi:10.1007/s11258-009-9626-z

Proceedings Publications

• Spaeth, M. K., Miller, T. E., Gornish, E. S., & Barberán, A. (2024). Down with the Richness: Varied Disturbance Effects on Coastal Dune Soil Microbial Communities. In not sure.
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  Coastal sand dunes play a vital role in protecting inland ecosystems and urban areas against storm surges and sea level rise, which will become increasingly important under human-induced climate change. While plant community dynamics have been found to benefit coastal dune resilience and resistance to disturbances, there has been relatively little investigation of corresponding soil microbial communities. In nutrient-poor environments such as sand dunes, plant-microbe interactions are thought to be especially important given their reliance on resource exchange. Soil microorganisms are also an integral component of ecosystem function as they facilitate biogeochemical processes, soil development, and stabilization, and influence plant productivity and diversity. We sought to investigate soil microbial communities and their potential drivers across successional habitats of a coastal dune system at St. George Island, Florida, USA, to help elucidate dune function and resilience. By assessing bacterial and fungal amplicon sequences, we found that successional habitats of different ages harbored distinct soil communities, which resulted in varied taxonomic diversity and microbial functional groups. One of our main findings was that bacteria showed the greatest diversity in interdune habitats, whereas fungal diversity was greatest in the foredunes. Additionally, we found that plant and soil characteristics were differentially associated with the soil microbial community based on habitat age, with pH and soil moisture as important drivers of microbial community composition. Overall, our findings highlight the complexity of soil microbial community dynamics following coastal dune succession; a process that may become greatly altered by climate change.
• Ossanna, L. Q., & Gornish, E. S. (2022). Data from: Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce fast-growing, invasive non-native plants: A review and meta-analysis. In this was for a paper.
• Gornish, E., James, J., & Laca, E. (2015, Spring). The value of oak woodland habitats as control for Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae). In 7th Oak Symposium: Managing Oak Woodlands in a Dynamic Work.
• Miller, T. A., & Gornish, E. S. (2014). Total Recoverable Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Coastal Dunes in the Northern Gulf of Mexico 2010-2011. In Gulf of Mexico Management Conference.

Presentations

• Baldwin, E., Dosamantes, E., Gornish, E., Henry, A. D., & Lien, A. (2024). How do you govern a “common bad”? Preliminary design principles for managing invasive species. Ostrom Workshop.
• Dosamantes, E., Henry, A. D., Lien, A., Gornish, E., & Baldwin, E. (2024). In the weeds: A review and synthesis on invasive species governance. Ostrom WorkshopDosamantes E*, Lien A, Henry A, Gornish ES, Baldwin E..
• Garbowski, M., & Gornish, E. (2024). Assessing the influence of traits on drought resistance and tolerance  in 10 dryland species. Society for Ecological Restoration southwest chapter annual meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2024).

  Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success!

  . Forest Service.
• Gornish, E. (2024). Making aridland restoration better: Learning from (many) mistakes. University of Alicante.
• Gornish, E. (2024). Making aridland restoration better: Learning from (many) mistakes. University of Arizona.
• Gornish, E. (2024). Making aridland restoration better: Learning from (many) mistakes
  . Utah Valley University.
• Gornish, E. (2024). The future of range. Altar Valley Conservation Alliance SeedBall.
• Johnstone, P., & Gornish, E. (2024). Ecological restoration with seedballs!. Sam Lena-South Tucson Public Library.
• Johnstone, P., & Gornish, E. (2024, February). The art and science of drought resilience through soil health initiatives. Perspectives on Resilience, Arizona Institute for Resilience.
• Lauman, S., Nielson, J., & Gornish, E. (2024, February). The role of early successional plant species in facilitating mine revegetation. Society for Mining Metallurgy and Exploration Annual Conference.
• Nsikani, M., Pattison, Z., & Gornish, E. (2024). Restoration of previously invaded ecosystems in South Africa: status quo and prognosis. Invasives in Africa forum.
• Ossanna, L., & Gornish, E. (2024). Weedy plant species response to variable precipitation following restoration seeding in drylands. National Conference on Ecosystem Restoration.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Biotic and abiotic factors driving buffelgrass dominance. Invasive Plant Short Course.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Can rocks solve all of our problems? . The Stewardship Network.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Climate change and native plants of the southwest. Native Plants in the Managed Landscape Seminar.
• Gornish, E. (2023). EcoRestore for weed management and restoration in arid systems. Invasive Plant Short Course.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Granivorous ants prefer small and unprotected seeds – Implication for restoration in arid ecosystems. National Native Seed Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Granivorous ants prefer small and unprotected seeds – Implication for restoration in arid ecosystems. Society for Range Management Annual Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success! . Arizona Master Naturalists.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success! . Reshaping the Earth Summit.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy            restoration success! . AZ-Sonora Desert Museum lecture series.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Making aridland restoration better: Learning from (many) mistakes. University of Autonoma Lecture Series.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Making restoration better: Nothing in this talk is true but its exactly how things are. North Dakota Reclamation Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Managing invasive plants in the southwest. Native Plants in the Managed Landscape Seminar.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Seedballs to confront restoration challenges on aridlands. Great Basin Fire Science Exchange.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Toxic rangeland plants. Livestock meeting. Southwest Indian Agricultural Association, Inc..
• Hovanes, K., & Gornish, E. (2023). Impact of priority effects and native plant diversity on performance of Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare), an invasive C4 perennial bunchgrass in the southwestern US.. Ecological Society of American Conference.
• Ossanna, L., Gugliermo, J., Miller, M., Davis, R., & Gornish, E. (2023). Dryland rock detention structures   increase herbaceous vegetation cover and stabilize shrub cover over 10 years but do not directly affect soil fertility. . Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Young, K., Gunnell, K., & Gornish, E. (2023). EcoRestore Portal: Providing stakeholders with native plant species lists to improve Restoration outcomes. National Native Seed Conference.
• Croydon, A., Munson, S., Gornish, E., & McCormick, M. (2022). Restore Net: a restoration field trial network to bridge science and land management. Colorado Plateau Biennial Conference.
• Farrell, H., Munson, S., McCormick, M., Laushman, K., Havrilla, C., Gornish, E., & Faist, A. (2022). RestoreNet strategies for revegetation: Lessons learned from a restoration field-trial network spanning the southwestern US. Colorado Plateau Biennial Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success! . Natural History Institute.
• Gornish, E. (2022). All about EcoRestore. Weed Management Short Course.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Can rocks solve all of our problems? . AZSRM Winter meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Can rocks solve all of our problems? . Collaborative Conservation Strategy and Adaptation Strategy Toolbox..
• Gornish, E. (2022). Can rocks solve all of our problems? . Colorado Plateau Biennial Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Can rocks solve all of our problems? . Society for Range Management annual conference.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Creating a restoration species palette. Society for Ecological Restoration Rocky Mountain Chapter..
• Gornish, E. (2022). Grazing after fire. Range Livestock Workshop, Globe.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Grazing after fire. Range Livestock Workshop, Holbrook.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Let’s not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success! . Herbarium Lunch Series, University of Arizona.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Making restoration better: Nothing in this talk is true but its exactly how things are. California Invasive Plant Council Annual Conference.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Making restoration better: Nothing in this talk is true but its exactly how things are. Society for Ecological Restoration Rocky Mountain Chapter.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Making restoration better: Nothing in this talk is true but its exactly how things are. University of California, Riverside Botany and Plant Sciences Departmental Seminar.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Restoration practices for grasses. Weed Management Short Course.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Seedballs to confront restoration challenges on aridlands. Bisbee Science Fridays.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Seedballs to confront restoration challenges on aridlands. Forest Service monthly meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Seedballs to confront restoration challenges on aridlands. North Washington Native Plant Society.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Seedballs to the wall: Confronting restoration challenges on aridlands. Native Plant Materials virtual conference.
• Gornish, E. (2022). Toxic rangeland plants. Livestock meeting.
• Gornish, E., Gornish, E., Merrigan, S., Merrigan, S., Gondor, A. E., Gondor, A. E., Archer, S. R., Archer, S. R., Rutherford, W. A., & Rutherford, W. A. (2022, Februarybruary, Spring). An online toolkit for grassland conservation. Soc. Range Management Annual Meetings. Albuquerque, NM.
• Gornish, E., Gornish, E., Merrigan, S., Merrigan, S., Gondor, A. E., Gondor, A. E., Archer, S. R., Archer, S. R., Rutherford, W. A., & Rutherford, W. A. (2022, January/Spring). An online toolkit for grassland conservation. Arizona Section-Soc. Range Management Winter Meetings. Virtual.
• Hovanes, K., & Gornish, E. (2022). Local-scale topography affects demographic rates of the invasive  grass buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) . Ecological Society of America annual meeting.
• Martyn, T., Ritchie, A., Svejcar, L., & Gornish, E. (2022). Restoration in the face of more variable extremes. Ecology Society for America annual meeting.
• Ossanna, L., & Gornish, E. (2022). Efficacy of labile carbon addition to reduce exotic invasive plants: A meta-analysis.. Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting.
• Rutherford, A., Archer, S., Gondor, A., Merrigan, S., & Gornish, E. (2022). An online toolkit for Sonoran Desert grassland conservation. Society for Range Management annual meeting.
• Alamenciak, T., & Gornish, E. (2021). How to develop effective restoration techniques for volunteers. National Extension Conference on Volunteerism.
• Blankinship, J., Rathke, S., Babst-Kostecka, A., Gornish, E., Barberan, A., Field, J., Saez, A. E., Rasmussen, C., & Tfaily, M. (2021). Mitigating dust pollution for climate-resilience development in arid regions. Arizona Institutes for Resilience.
• Blankinship, J., Tfaily, M., Rathke, S., Rasmussen, C., Babst-Kostecka, A., Saez, A. E., Field, J., Gornish, E., Barberan, A., Barberan, A., Field, J., Gornish, E., Saez, A. E., Babst-Kostecka, A., Rathke, S., Rasmussen, C., Tfaily, M., & Blankinship, J. (2021). Mitigating dust pollution for climate-resilient development in arid regions. Symposium on Resilience Research for Global Development ChallengesArizona Institutes for Environment.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Diversity and inclusion in science: What are we doing and how can we do it better?. USDA APHIS Agriculture Camp.
• Gornish, E. (2021). GALS (Girls on outdoor Adventure for Leadership and Science). Engaging Youth in Natural Resources workshop.
• Gornish, E. (2021). GALS: Girls on outdoor Adventure for Leadership and Science. Arizona Association for Environmental Education.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Inexpensive strategier to enhance aridland restoration success. Aramco-KAUST workshop.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Lets not reinvent the wheel: Using VERY old school strategies for cheap and easy restoration success. Ecological Society of America annual meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Post restoration treatments to enhance aridland vegetation management success. AZ-UT Vegetation Management meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Rangeland reseeding trials and tribulations. Range livestock workshop series.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Re-emerging strategies to enhance plant establishment in dryland systems. Society for Ecological Restoration World Congress.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Some ideas about how to connect stakeholders and leverage knowledge. Society for Ecological Restoration workshop series.
• Gornish, E. (2021). Unexpected drivers of vegetation dynamics at the Santa Rita Range. Santa Rita Experimental Range lecture series.
• Gornish, E., & Barberan, A. (2021). Ecological restoration for soil health research and development lab. Dean's Research Advisory Council meeting.
• Gornish, E., & Eastburn, D. (2021). Seedballs to the wall: Confronting restoration challenges on aridlands. Seed Enhancing Technologies workshop.
• Gornish, E., Archer, S. R., Merrigan, S., & Rutherford, W. A. (2021, April). Fusing range and data science: developing online resources for managing shrub encroachment. Rangelands Partnership Annual Meeting. Virtual.
• Gornish, E., Merrigan, S., Archer, S. R., & Rutherford, W. A. (2021, September). Developing online resources for managing shrub encroachment. ; Collaborative Conservation and Adaptation Strategy Toolbox (CCAST) Grassland Restoration and Management Panel-Discussion Series. Virtual.
• Munson, S., Butterfield, B., Farrell, H., Havrilla, C., Balazs, K., Laushman, K., McCormick, M., Gornish, E., Faist, A., Larios, L., Rowe, H., Duniway, M., & Reed, S. (2021). RestoreNet: An emerging dryland restoration network to increase revegetation success. Society for Ecological Restoration World Congress.
• Munson, S., Farrell, H., Havrilla, C., Balazs, K., Butterfield, B., Laushman, K., McCormick, M., Gornish, E., Faist, A., Larios, L., Rowe, H., Duniway, M., & Reed, S. (2021). RestoreNET: an emerging restoration network to promote dryland plant and ecosystem recovery. Ecological Society of America annual meeting.
• Farrell, H., & Gornish, E. (2020, February). Buffelgrass control methods. Western Society for Weed Scientists Annual Meeting. Maui, HI.
• Gornish, E. (2020, August). Restoration approaches to manage Buffelgrass and other invasives. Gila County Garden and Country Extension Webinar Series. Zoom.
• Gornish, E. (2020, August). Restoration approaches to manage Buffelgrass and other invasives. Noxious Weed Short Course. Zoom.
• Gornish, E. (2020, February). Buffelgrass (Pennisetum ciliare) control – Academic research vs manager perspectives. Society for Range Management Annual Meeting. Denver CO.
• Gornish, E. (2020, February). Novel approaches to restoration challenges in the southwest. Cochise County Engineering and Natural Resources. Bizbee.
• Gornish, E. (2020, January). Best practices for SWAZ Master Gardeners. Yuma County Master Gardeners workshop. Yuma.
• Gornish, E. (2020, May). What is it like working in Cooperative Extension. ENVS Lab Meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2020, October). Its not what you think! What really drives rangeland plant community dynamics at the Santa Rita Experimental Range. Arizona Section of the Society for Range Management annual meeting. Zoom.
• Gornish, E., & Martyn, T. (2020, September). Ants are ruining restoration (and we aren’t talking about it). Arizona Cross Watershed Virtual Workshop. Zoom.
• Jennings, L., Ossana, L., Fontana, C., Farrell, H., Kline, A., Gornish, E., Maier, R. M., & Neilson, J. W. (2020, November). Understanding plant-soil associations during revegetation of reclaimed mine tailings in southern Arizona. Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. Zoom.
• Farrell, H., Gornish, E., Barberan, A., Barberan, A., Farrell, H., & Gornish, E. (2019, September). How does restoration impact the soil organisms and properties of a disturbed semi-arid grassland?. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2019, April). Seedball production and use for gardens and rangeland restoration. Family Day at Cochise County Master Gardeners Discovery Gardens.
• Gornish, E. (2019, August). Diversity and inclusion in science: What are we doing and what can we do better?. Sky Islands High School Science Series.
• Gornish, E. (2019, August). Novel approaches to restoration challenges in the southwest. Science Night. Bisbee, AZ.
• Gornish, E. (2019, August). Seedball production and use for gardens and rangeland restoration. Bisbee Science Lab Series.
• Gornish, E. (2019, January). Relationships between grass and mesquite cover based on long-term data: Implications for restoration opportunities. Malpai Borderlands Group Science Conference. Rodeo, NM.
• Gornish, E. (2019, November). Heterogeneity as a tool in dryland restoration. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter annual meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2019, November). Unexpected drivers of native plant community dynamics in the low Arizona desert. Arizona Native Plant Society Meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2019, October). Its not what you think! What really drives plant community dynamics at the Santa Rita Experimental Range. RISE Symposium.
• Gornish, E. (2019, September). REAL co-production of science: Examples and recommendations from Cooperative Extension. Biennial Conference for Science and Management.
• Gornish, E., Caballeros-Reynolds, M., & Johnson, M. (2019, February). Using a bike to make seed pellets for ecological restoration. Tucson High School Science Night.
• McCormick, M., Munson, S., Gornish, E., Butterfield, B., & Dunnieway, M. (2019, September). Connecting science and land management to enhance Southwest ecosystems - examples from the USGS Restoration Assessment and Monitoring Program for the Southwest (RAMPS). Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Rao, D., & Gornish, E. (2019, September). Tumbleweed control using grazing, herbicide and seeding. Rangeland Management and Erosion Prevention.
• Snell, L., Lile, D., Hogan, S., Gornish, E., Little, J., Jin, Y., & Roch, L. (2019, February). Post-wildfire livestock grazing on public lands in northern California. California Rangeland Conservation Coalition annual meeting.
• Snell, L., Little, J., Gornish, E., Lile, D., Hogan, S., Lin, Y., & Roche, L. (2019, January). Post-wildfire livestock grazing on public lands in Northern California. California Rangeland Conservation Coalition.
• Teller, N., Bean, T., Gornish, E., & Larios, L. (2019, October). Integrated weed control and trait-screened seed mixes to reduce the risk of postfire type conversion from coastal sage scrub to annual grassland. California Invasive Plant Council Annual Meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2018, December). Grassland restoration in the arid southwest: Emerging approaches.. Bi-national Restoration Workshop. Hereford, AZ.
• Gornish, E. (2018, December). How and why to make seed balls for arid land restoration: A demonstration.. Bi-national Restoration Workshop. Hereford, AZ.
• Gornish, E. (2018, December). Restoration practices for invasive grasses. Invasive Weed Workshop. Orderville, UT.
• Gornish, E. (2018, July). Restoration practices for invasive grasses. Noxious, Invasive Plant Short Course. Farmington, NM.
• Gornish, E. (2018, November). Relationships between grass and mesquite cover based on long-term data: Implications for restoration opportunities. Southwest Vegetation Management Association annual meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Gornish, E., & Bowker, M. (2018, May). Causes, effects and manifestations of arid land degredation in managed and natural systems. Eco-engineering of life in arid landscapes. Tucson, AZ.
• Gornish, E., & Brooks, C. F. (2018, April). Science communication to the public. Women in Engineering Seminar, University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ.
• Gornish, E., & Mcclaran, M. P. (2018, May). Relationships between grass and mesquite cover based on long-term data: Implications for restoration opportunities. Madrean Conference. Tucson, AZ.
• Gornish, E., & Mcclaran, M. P. (2018, October). Relationships between grass and mesquite cover based on long-term data: Implications for restoration opportunities. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter. Flagstaff, AZ.
• Mcclaran, M. P., & Gornish, E. (2018, January). Grassland and mesquite on the Santa Rita Experimental Range: An historical perspective. Altar Valley Conservation Alliance Brush Management Workshop.
• Miller, T., & Gornish, E. (2018, August). The response of vegetation and dune morphology to extreme weather events. Ecological Society of America. New Orleans, LA.
• Rao, D., Gornish, E., Smith, R., & Davy, J. (2018, January). Tumbleweed control on California's central coast. California Weed Science Society.
• Rao, D., Smith, R., & Gornish, E. (2018, February). Tumbleweed control on California’s central coast. Society of Range Management annual meeting. Society of Range Management annual meeting.
• Schohr, T., Roche, L., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Gornish, E. (2018, February). Completing the knowledge cycle: Deriving IPM knowledge directly from practitioners on working landscapes.. Society of Range Management annual meeting.
• Teller, N., Gornish, E., Bean, T., & Larios, L. (2018, November). Targeting bulldozer lines for competitive seeding to suppress postfire invasion in Coastal Sage Scrub. California Invasive Plant Council Annual Symposium. Monterey, CA.
• Teller, N., Gornish, E., Bean, T., & Larios, L. (2018, November). Targeting bulldozer lines for competitive seeding to suppress postfire invasion in Coastal Sage Scrub. Sequoia and Kings Canyon Science Symposium. Three Rivers, CA.
• Bean, T., Kyser, G., Davy, J., & Gornish, E. (2017, September). Barb Goatgrass seed production: Grazing, glyphosate rate and application timing. Monday Afternoon Weeders Workshop.
• Farrell, H., Gornish, E., & Fehmi, J. S. (2017, October). Seeding vs. natural recruitment: comparing semi arid vegetation communities post reclamation. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Section annual meeting.
• Garfin, G. M., Falk, D. A., & Gornish, E. (2017, October). Vegetation management after fire in Arizona. Arizona State Legislative Offices.
• Gornish, E. (2017, November). Non-academic jobs in range. University of Arizona Range Club meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2017, November). On the ground and in the field: Applied research and outreach as a Cooperative Extension Specialist. Arizona Association of Environmental Professionals meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2017, October). Frontiers of ecological restoration research and outreach in the arid southwest. University of Arizona, School of Natural Recourses Seminar Series.
• Gornish, E., Bean, T., Kyser, G., & Davy, J. (2017, June). Interactive effects of grazing, glyphosate rate, and application timing on barb goatgrass seedhead production. Hopland Research and Education Center field day.
• Gornish, E., Bean, T., Kyser, G., & Davy, J. (2017, October). Barb goatgrass management: interactive effects of grazing, glyphosate rate, application timing and restoration seeding. California Invasive Plant Council Symposium.
• Gornish, E., Falk, D. A., & Garfin, G. M. (2017, October). Wildfire and restoration policy for Arizona. Arizona Senate Briefing. Arizona State Capitol, Phoenix, AZ: Arizona State Legislature.
• Roche, L., Schohr, T., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Gornish, E. (2017, November). Completing the knowledge cycle: Deriving IPM knowledge directly from practitioners on working landscapes. California Pest Management Advisory Committee meeting.
• Roche, L., Schohr, T., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Gornish, E. (2017, September). Completing the knowledge cycle: Deriving IPM knowledge directly from practitioners on working landscapes. Monday Afternoon Weeders Workshop.
• Schohr, T., Roche, L., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Gornish, E. (2017, October). Completing the knowledge cycle: Deriving IPM knowledge directly from practitioners on working landscapes. California Invasive Plant Council Symposium.

Poster Presentations

• Cadotte, M., Romanelli, J., Piana, M., Gornish, E., & Klaus, V. (2024). Unveiling the urban-rural continuum: Challenges and opportunities in forest restoration. Association for Tropical Biology and Conservation annual meeting.
• Costanzo, S., Shriver, L., Havrilla, C., Gornish, E., & Munson, S. (2024).

  RestoreNet 2.0: Using seedballs, microbes, pits and livestock for  dryland restoration in the Southwest

  . Society for Ecological Restoration southwest chapter annual meeting.
• Eastburn, D., Funk, J., Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2024, January).

  Managing restored perennial grasslands with fire and grazing

  . Society for Range Management Annual Meeting.
• Johnstone, P., & Gornish, E. (2024). The art and science of drought resilience through soil health initiatives . ALVSCE Research Poster Showcase.
• Ossanna, L., & Gornish, E. (2024). Measuring response of restoration seed mixes to intra- and inter    annual precipitation variation in drylands. ALVSCE Research Poster Showcase.
• Spaeth, M., Barberan, A., & Gornish, E. (2024). Down with the richness: varied disturbance effects on coastal dune soil microbial communities
  
  . ALVSCE Research Poster Showcase.
• Spaeth, M., Barberan, A., & Gornish, E. (2024). Down with the richness: varied disturbance effects on coastal dune soil microbial communities
  
  . SEES Earth Week Poster Showcase.
• Gornish, E. (2023). Effects of rock detention structures on plants and soil: A 10-year case study. ALVACE Poster Presentation.
• Hall, A., & Gornish, E. (2023). Post-fire vegetation restoration: Exploring reseeding options in semi-arid environments. Society for Range Management Annual Conference.
• Lauman, S., Babst-Kostecka, A., Gornish, E., & Neilson, J. W. (2023). Seed mixes: what to look for and how to customize them. Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration Annual Conference.
• Lauman, S., Gornish, E., Fontana, C., Kline, A., & Neilson, J. W. (2023). Seeding techniques and plant species selection to enhance copper mine revegetation success. ALVACE Poster Presentation.
• Lowe, A., Garbowski, M., & Gornish, E. (2023). Seed variation and the effect on germination mean. UROC final presentation.
• Spaeth, M., Barberan, A., Funk, J., Roche, L., & Gornish, E. (2023). Belowground resilience: impacts of   grazing and controlled burns on soil microbial communitie. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Spaeth, M., Barberan, A., Miller, T., & Gornish, E. (2023). Soil microbial community patterns across successional dune habitats of a barrier island.. Ecological Society of American Conference.
• Yang, B., Gornish, E., & Barberan, A. (2023). Adding microbial innoculants into seedpellets: one stone, two birds? . Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Young, K., Gunnell, K., & Gornish, E. (2023). Seeding more broadly: sharing native plant species lists and restoration information with wide        audiences. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Begay, M., Munson, S., Nauman, T., & Gornish, E. (2022). Wind erosion risk on Navajo Lands of the Colorado Plateau. Intertribal Agricultural Council Conference.
• Hall, A., Ptak, C., Noelle, S., Ruyle, G., & Gornish, E. (2022). Exploring grazing effects on post-fire vegetation recovery through time. Society for Range Management annual conference.
• Inigo, G., Touceda-Suarez, M., Gornish, E., Burquez, A., Martinez-Yrizar, A., & Barberan, A. (2022). Influence of buffelgrass invasion on the soil microbiome under native trees in the Sonoran          Desert. Connections Across Borders.
• Thorn, M., Hutchinson, B., Tiles, K., Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2022). Strengthening RREA through enhanced connections: A web-based conference series. Society for Range Management annual meeting.
• Fontana, C., Lauman, S., Ledesma, J., Kline, A., Gornish, E., Maier, R. M., & Neilson, J. W. (2021). Impact of hydroseeding season and AMF inoculation on belowground fertility indicators at an Arizona copper mine. Soil Science Society of America annual meeting.
• Lauman, S., Fontana, C., Kline, A., Gornish, E., & Neilson, J. W. (2021). Improving copper mine revegetation success in arid climates. Southwest Mining Association annual meeting.
• Renteria, J., Darin, G., Silva, J., Mulligan, R., Gornish, E., & Groscholz, T. (2021). Investigations of revegetation techniques aiming to limit or reduce plant invasion of tidal wetlands. California Invasive Plant Council annual meeting.
• Thorne, M., Hutchinson, B., Tiles, K., Bruegger, R., Downing, A., Gornish, E., Merrigan, S., Monroe, M., & Roche, L. (2021). Strengthening RREA through enhanced connections: A web-based conference series. The Association of Natural Resource Extension Professionals annual conference.
• Shaw, J., Gornish, E., Eastburn, D., Laca, E., Macon, D., Tate, K., & Roche, L. (2020, February). Targeted sheep grazing and prescribed burning both reduce the cover of invasive medusahead grass (Elymus caput-medusae). Society for Range Management Annual Meeting. Denver CO.
• Gornish, E. (2019, August). Constructing and operating a bicycle powered seed pelletizing machine for use in gardening and ecological restoration projects. University of Arizona Annual Extension Conference.
• Jennings, L., Ossana, L., Neilson, J. W., Gornish, E., & Maier, R. M. (2019, December). Biotic potential of degraded soil development on reclaimed mine tailings in Southern Arizona. American Geophysical Union Annual Meeting.
• Kline, A., Leger, B., Porensky, L., & Gornish, E. (2019, September). Using native grass seeding and targeted grazing to modify plant biomass in Nevada rangeland. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter Annual Meeting.
• Muller, P., Mendivil, E., & Gornish, E. (2019, April). Seedball composition effects on Plains Bristlegrass (Setari vulpiseta) germination. Southern Arizona Research, Science and Engineering Foundation Science Fair.
• Muller, P., Mendivil, E., & Gornish, E. (2019, February). Seedball composition effects on Plains Bristlegrass (Setaria vulpiseta) germination. Tucson High School Science Fair.
• Snell, L., Little, J., Lile, D., Gornish, E., Hogan, S., Jin, Y., & Roche, L. (2019, April). Post-wildfire livestock grazing on public lands in northern California. University of California Fire Workshop.
• Farrell, H., & Gornish, E. (2018, November). Treating buffelgrass: A literature review of competition mechanisms and treatment efficacy. Southwest Vegetation Management Association annual meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Farrell, H., & Gornish, E. (2018, October). Treating buffelgrass: A literature review of competition mechanisms and treatment efficacy. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter. Flagstaff, AZ.
• Little, J., Snell, L., Gornish, E., Lile, D., & Roche, L. (2018, February). Post-wildfire livestock grazing management on public rangelands in Northeast California. Society of Range Management annual meeting.
• McCormick, M., Munson, S., Butterfield, B., Copeland, S., & Gornish, E. (2018, August). RAMPS: Restoration Assessment and Monitoring Program for the Southwest. Ecological Society of America. New Orleans, LA.
• McCormick, M., Munson, S., Butterfield, B., Copeland, S., Conn, J., & Gornish, E. (2018, October). Collaborative Restoration: Working together to achieve project outcomes in the desert Southwest. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter. Flagstaff, AZ.
• Shaw, J., Gornish, E., Eastburn, D., Laca, E., Macon, D., Tate, K., & Roche, L. (2018, August). Strip seeding, targeted grazing, and prescribed fire to manage and restore California grasslands. Ecological Society of America.. New Orleans, LA.
• Simpson, A., Cabaello-Reynolds, M., & Gornish, E. (2018, October). Constructing and operating a bicycle powered seed pelletizing machine for use in gardening and ecological restoration projects. Society for Ecological Restoration Southwest Chapter. Flagstaff, AZ.
• Simpson, A., Caballero-Reynolds, M., & Gornish, E. (2018, April). Constructing and operating a bicycle powered seed pelletizing machine for use in gardening and ecological restoration projects. Earthweek at the University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ.
• Simpson, A., Caballero-Reynolds, M., & Gornish, E. (2018, November). Constructing and operating a bicycle powered seed pelletizing machine for use in gardening and ecological restoration projects. Southwest Vegetation Management Association annual meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Simpson, A., Cabello-Rynolds, M., & Gornish, E. (2018, May). Constructing and operating a bicycle powered seed pelletizing machine for use in gardening and ecological restoration projects. Madrean Conference. Tucson, AZ.
• Teller, N., Gornish, E., Travis, B., & Larios, L. (2018, May). Targeting bulldozer lines for postfire competitive seeding at Chino Hills State Park. 3rd California Chaparral Symposium. Arcadia, CA.
• Schohr, T., Roche, L., Shaw, J., Tate, K., & Gornish, E. (2017, November). Land manager perspectives on rangeland weed management practices. California Cattleman’s Association Annual Meeting.

Others

• Gornish, E., Lauman, S., Begay, M., Martyn, T., Johnstone, P., & Ossanna, L. (2023, April). Restoration Ecology Activity Book.
• Gornish, E. (2021, August). California Invasive Plant Council Non academic job panel. California Invasive Plant Council annual meeting.
• Gornish, E. (2021, August). Panel member for 'Perspectives of diversity and skill development in fieldwork'. Ecological Society of America.
• Gornish, E. (2021, August). UNA PELOTEADORA DE SEMILLAS PARA USO EN JARDINERÍA Y RESTAURACIÓN. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Gornish, E. (2021, January). Estrategias para la jardinería y la restauración con pelotas de semillas en paisajes áridos. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Gornish, E. (2021, June). Why range seeding is hard and what you can do to overcome seeding challenges. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Gornish, E., Farrell, H., Shaw, J., & Roche, L. (2021, September). Novel approaches to ecological restoration in semi-arid and arid habitats. UA Cooperative Extension.
• Merrigan, S., Archer, S. R., & Gornish, E. (2021, August). Annual Report, An Online Toolkit for Managing Shrub Encroachment. USDA NIFA RREA (Renewable Resources Extension Act) REEPort, Award 2020-46401-32795, 4 pp..
• Merrigan, S., Archer, S. R., & Gornish, E. (2021, August). Annual Report, An Online Toolkit for Managing Shrub Encroachment. USDA NIFA RREA (Renewable Resources Extension Act) REEPort.
  More info

  Annual Report for Award No. 2020-46401-32795, 4 pp.
• Soto, J. R., Smith, S. E., Ruyle, G. B., Mcclaran, M. P., Lopez Hoffman, L., Lien, A., Howery, L. D., Gornish, E., Fehmi, J. S., & Archer, S. R. (2021, May). Annual Report, Ecology, Management and Restoration of Rangelands. USDA NIFA Hatch Project ARZT-1361610-H12-223, 11 pp..
• Soto, J. R., Smith, S. E., Ruyle, G. B., Mcclaran, M. P., Lopez Hoffman, L., Lien, A., Howery, L. D., Gornish, E., Fehmi, J. S., & Archer, S. R. (2021, May). Annual Report, Ecology, Management and Restoration of Rangelands. USDA NIFA REEPort.
  More info

  Hatch Project Annual Report ARZT-1361610-H12-223, 11 pp.
• Soto, J. R., Smith, S. E., Ruyle, G. B., Mcclaran, M. P., Lopez Hoffman, L., Lien, A., Howery, L. D., Gornish, E., Fehmi, J. S., & Archer, S. R. (2021, May). Annual Report, Ecology, Management and Restoration of Rangelands. USDA NIFA Report.
  More info

  Hatch Project Annual Report ARZT-1361610-H12-223, 11 pp.
• Gornish, E. (2020, July). New research conducted by UArizona researchers shows that disturbance is more important than seeding or grazing in determining soil communities. AZ SRM newsletter.
• Gornish, E. (2020, November). Friendships in academia are not just good for your mental health, but they can help your career. Ecology is not a dirty word blog.
• Hall, A., Gornish, E., & Ruyle, G. B. (2020, August). Poisonous plants on Arizona rangelands. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Publication.
  More info

  AZ1828. pp 10
• Soto, J. R., Soto, J. R., Smith, S. E., Smith, S. E., Ruyle, G. B., Ruyle, G. B., Mcclaran, M. P., Mcclaran, M. P., Lopez Hoffman, L., Lopez Hoffman, L., Howery, L. D., Howery, L. D., Gornish, E., Gornish, E., Fehmi, J. S., Fehmi, J. S., Archer, S. R., & Archer, S. R. (2020, May). Annual Report, Ecology, Management and Restoration of Rangelands. USDA NIFA ARZT-1361610-H12-223 REEPort.
  More info

  Hatch Project Annual Report, 14 pp.
• Gornish, E., & Howery, L. D. (2019, October). Non-native, invasive plants of Arizona. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Gornish, E., & Roche, L. (2018, November). Careers in Cooperative Extension. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment.
• Gornish, E., Simpson, A., & Caballero-Reynolds, M. (2018, December). A bicycle-powered seed pelletizer for use in gardening and restoration. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension.
• Gornish, E. (2017, Dec). Increasing national park fees hurts our understanding of the environment. The Hill.com. http://thehill.com/opinion/energy-environment/367466-increasing-fees-at-national-parks-hurts-our-understanding-of-the
• Gornish, E. (2017, December). Doom-and-gloom scenarios on climate change won’t solve our problem. Scientific American. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/doomandgloom-scenarios-on-climate-change-wont-solve-our-problem/
• Gornish, E., & Shaw, J. (2017, August). Restoration manual for annual grassland systems in California. ANR Publication 8575.
• Rao, D., Gornish, E., Smith, S., & Davy, J. (2017, February). Progress report: Tumbleweed on California’s central coast. Grasslands.
• Bean, T., & Gornish, E. (2016, July). Native soil bacteria as biocontrol. Cal-IPC News.
• Gornish, E., & Hulvey, K. (2016, July). New ecological restoration section at ESA!. Ecological Restoration.
• Gornish, E. (2015, April). An extension perspective on California grassland restoration. Grasslands.