John E Ehiri

Interests

Teaching

Global Health; Global Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child health; Program Planning and Evaluation; Evidence-Based Methods; Policy Analysis

Research

HIV/AIDS; Global Infectious Disease Control; Behavioral Interventions

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Alaofè, H., Hounkpatin, W. A., Djrolo, F., Ehiri, J., & Rosales, C. (2021). Knowledge, attitude, practice and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes in Cotonou, Southern Benin. BMC public health, 21(1), 339.
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  Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is becoming an epidemic with significant disability and premature death in Sub-Saharan Africa, including Benin. However, little is known about the level of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) necessary for diabetic patients to enhance therapeutic outcomes and prevent diabetes complications. The study aimed to assess patients' KAP levels and identify the factors associated in Cotonou, southern Benin.
• Ejemot-Nwadiaro, R. I., Ehiri, J. E., Arikpo, D., Meremikwu, M. M., & Critchley, J. A. (2021). Hand-washing promotion for preventing diarrhoea. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews, 12, CD004265.
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  Diarrhoea accounts for 1.8 million deaths in children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One of the identified strategies to prevent diarrhoea is hand washing.
• Alaofe, H., Lott, B., Kimaru, L., Okusanya, B., Okechukwu, A., Chebet, J., Meremikwu, M., & Ehiri, J. (2020). Emergency Transportation Interventions for Reducing Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Annals of global health, 86(1), 147.
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  To assess the effect of emergency transportation interventions on the outcome of labor and delivery in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
• Anderson, E. J., Chebet, J. J., Asaolu, I. O., Bell, M. L., & Ehiri, J. (2020). Influence of Women's Empowerment on Place of Delivery in North Eastern and Western Kenya: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Kenya Demographic Health Survey. Journal of epidemiology and global health, 10(1), 65-73.
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  Labor and delivery under the supervision of a skilled birth attendant have been shown to promote positive maternal and neonatal outcomes; yet, more than a third of births in Kenya occur outside a health facility. We investigated the association between measures of women's empowerment and health facility-based delivery in Northeastern and Western Kenya.
• Chebet, J. J., Thomson, C. A., Kohler, L. N., Ehiri, J. E., Luo, J., Cheng, T. D., Pan, K., Chlebowski, R. T., Nassir, R., Sealy-Jefferson, S., Manson, J. E., Saquib, N., & Bell, M. L. (2020). Association of Diet Quality and Physical Activity on Obesity-Related Cancer Risk and Mortality in Black Women: Results from the Women's Health Initiative. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : A Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology.
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  Obesity-related cancers disproportionately affect the Black community. We assessed the relationship between diet quality, physical activity, and their combined effect on obesity-related cancer risk and mortality in Black women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI).
• Ilori, T. O., Viera, E., Wilson, J., Moreno, F., Menon, U., Ehiri, J., Peterson, R., Vemulapalli, T., StimsonRiahi, S. C., Rosales, C., Calhoun, E., Sokan, A., Karnes, J. H., Reiman, E., Ojo, A., Theodorou, A., & Ojo, T. (2020). Approach to High Volume Enrollment in Clinical Research: Experiences from an All of Us Research Program Site. Clinical and translational science, 13(4), 685-692.
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  Clinical trials and cohort studies are required to meet target recruitment of study participants within stipulated timelines, especially when the priority is to include populations traditionally unrepresented in biomedical research. By the third quarter of 2019, the University of Arizona-Banner Health Provider Organization (UA-Banner HPO) has enrolled > 30,000 core participants into the All of Us Research Program (AoURP), the research cohort of the Precision Medicine Initiative. The majority of enrolled participants meet the criteria for individuals under-represented in biomedical research. The enrollment goals were calculated based on a target of 20,000 as set by the National Institutes of Health and our health provider organization achieved enrollment numbers between 17% and 86% above the targeted daily enrollment. We evaluated enrollment methods and challenges to enrollments encountered by the UA-Banner Health Provider Organization into the AoURP. Challenges to enrollment centered around the need for high-touch engagement methods, time investment necessary for stakeholder inclusion, and the use of purely digital enrollment methods especially in populations under-represented in biomedical research. These challenges occurred at the level of the individual, provider, institutions, and community, and cumulatively impacted participant enrollment. Successful strategies for engagement and enrollment leveraged provider partners as advocates for the program. For high-volume enrollment in clinical research, it is important to engage leaders in the healthcare setting, patient providers, and tailor engagement and enrollment to potential participant needs. We emphasize the need for precision engagement and enrollment methods tailored to individual needs.
• Iwelunmor, J., Nwaozuru, U., Obiezu-Umeh, C., Uzoaru, F., Ehiri, J., Curley, J., Ezechi, O., Airhihenbuwa, C., & Ssewamala, F. (2020). Is it time to RE-AIM? A systematic review of economic empowerment as HIV prevention intervention for adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa using the RE-AIM framework. Implementation science communications, 1, 53.
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  Economic empowerment (EE) HIV prevention programs for adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in sub-Saharan Africa are gaining traction as effective strategies to reduce HIV risk and vulnerabilities among this population. While intervention effectiveness is critical, there are numerous factors beyond effectiveness that shape an intervention's impact. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the reporting of implementation outcomes of EE HIV prevention programs for AGYW in SSA, as conceptualized in the RE-AIM (reach, efficacy/effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) framework.
• Lott, B. E., Okusanya, B. O., Anderson, E. J., Kram, N. A., Rodriguez, M., Thomson, C. A., Rosales, C., & Ehiri, J. E. (2020). Interventions to increase uptake of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in minority populations: A systematic review. Preventive medicine reports, 19, 101163.
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  Minority youth represent a unique population for public health interventions given the social, economic, and cultural barriers they often face in accessing health services. Interventions to increase uptake of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in minority youth have the potential to reduce disparities in HPV infection and HPV-related cancers. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness of interventions to increase HPV vaccine uptake, measured as vaccine series initiation and series completion, among adolescents and young adults, aged 9-26 years old, identifying as a racial and ethnic minority or sexual and gender minority (SGM) group in high-income countries. Of the 3013 citations produced by a systematic search of three electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science) in November 2018, nine studies involving 9749 participants were selected for inclusion. All studies were conducted in the United States and were published from 2015 to 2018. Interventions utilized education, vaccine appointment reminders, and negotiated interviewing to increase vaccination. Participants were Black or African American (44.4%), Asian (33.3%), Hispanic or Latinx (22.2%), American Indian or Alaska Native (11.1%), and SGM (22.2%). Studies enrolled parent-child dyads (33.3%), parents alone (11.1%), and youth alone (55.6%). Vaccine series initiation ranged from 11.1% to 84% and series completion ranged from 5.6% to 74.2% post-intervention. Educational and appointment reminder interventions may improve HPV vaccine series initiation and completion in minority youth in the U.S. Given the lack of high quality, adequately powered studies, further research is warranted to identify effective strategies for improving HPV vaccine uptake for minority populations.
• Lott, B. E., Trejo, M. J., Baum, C., McClelland, D. J., Adsul, P., Madhivanan, P., Carvajal, S., Ernst, K., & Ehiri, J. (2020). Interventions to increase uptake of cervical screening in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review using the integrated behavioral model. BMC public health, 20(1), 654.
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  Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) experiences disproportionate burden of cervical cancer incidence and mortality due in part to low uptake of cervical screening, a strategy for prevention and down-staging of cervical cancer. This scoping review identifies studies of interventions to increase uptake of cervical screening among women in the region and uses the Integrated Behavioral Model (IBM) to describe how interventions might work.
• Nwaozuru, U., Blackstone, S., Obiezu-Umeh, C., Conserve, D. F., Mason, S., Uzoaru, F., Gbajabiamila, T., Ezechi, O., Iwelunmor, P., Ehiri, J. E., & Iwelunmor, J. (2020). Psychosocial correlates of safe sex self-efficacy among in-school adolescent girls in Lagos, Nigeria. PloS one, 15(6), e0234788.
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  Adolescent girls in Nigeria are at heightened risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. However, there are limited studies on psychosocial factors that are associated with safe sex intentions among this population. Self-efficacy has been established as an important correlate of behavioral intentions and the actual behavior. The objective of this research was to examine how key psychosocial factors such as social support, parental monitoring, and future orientation influence perceived safe sex self-efficacy among in-school adolescent girls in Nigeria. Furthermore, we assessed the associations between these psychosocial factors and HIV-related knowledge and safe sex self-efficacy.
• Okusanya, B. O., Asaolu, I. O., Ehiri, J. E., Kimaru, L. J., Okechukwu, A., & Rosales, C. (2020). Medical cannabis for the reduction of opioid dosage in the treatment of non-cancer chronic pain: a systematic review. Systematic reviews, 9(1), 167.
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  Medical cannabis (MC) is currently being used as an adjunct to opiates given its analgesic effects and potential to reduce opiate addiction. This review assessed if MC used in combination with opioids to treat non-cancer chronic pain would reduce opioid dosage.
• Peterson, R. L., Butler, E. A., Ehiri, J. E., Fain, M. J., & Carvajal, S. C. (2020). Mechanisms of Racial Disparities in Cognitive Aging: An Examination of Material and Psychosocial Wellbeing. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences.
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  We tested the hypothesis that education's effect on cognitive aging operates in part through measures of material and psychosocial wellbeing.
• Peterson, R. L., Fain, M. J., A Butler, E., Ehiri, J. E., & Carvajal, S. C. (2020). The role of social and behavioral risk factors in explaining racial disparities in age-related cognitive impairment: a structured narrative review. Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition, 27(2), 173-196.
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  Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a growing public health concern with large disparities in incidence and prevalence between African Americans (AAs) and non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). The aim of this review was to examine the evidence of association between six modifiable risk factors (education, smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, social isolation, and psychosocial stress) and Alzheimer's disease risk in AAs and NHWs. We identified 3,437 studies; 45 met inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Of the examined risks, education provided the strongest evidence of association with cognitive outcomes in AAs and NHWs. This factor may operate directly on Alzheimer's disease risk through the neurocognitive benefits of cognitive stimulation or indirectly through social status.

Presentations

• Yuan, N. P., Ehiri, J. E., Moore-Monroy, M. J., Magrath, P. A., Nuno, V. L., Bingham, L., Welter, A., Balland, L., & Celaya, M. (2020, October). Stakeholder engagement for a maternal and child health needs assessment: Application of the River of Life tool at statewide meetings. APHA. Virtual.

Poster Presentations

• Bea, J. W., Dickeson, K., Harris, R. B., Ehiri, J. E., Lind, K. E., Yung, A., & Thomson, C. A. (2020, Fall). In-person versus virtual training for the next generation of U3 cancer prevention scientists.. University of Arizona Cancer Center Fall Retreat. Tucson, AZ.
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  Bea JW, Dickeson KM, Harris RB, Ehiri JE, Lind KE, Yung AK, Thomson CA. In-person versus virtual training for the next generation of U3 cancer prevention scientists. UACC Fall Retreat. (November 2020).