Anna L Waterbrook

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• Waterbrook, A. L., & Davenport, M. (2020). Initial Evaluation, Resuscitation, and Acute Management. In Advanced Management of Fractures, Dislocations, and Sports-Related Trauma. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_1
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  One of the main roles of the sports medicine physician is the management of acute trauma from sports. Whether it is a benign or more serious life-threatening injury, the sports medicine physician needs to be able to rapidly evaluate and triage these athletic-related injuries. The sports medicine physician should be familiar with standard Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols, specifically the primary and secondary surveys. Frequent reassessment of vital signs and a heightened suspicion for life-/limb-threatening injuries will help the sideline sports medicine physician manage the acutely injured athlete. Incorporating the use of portable ultrasound can improve the sports medicine physician’s ability to diagnose life-threatening conditions as well as musculoskeletal injuries. It is imperative that the sideline sports medicine physician work collaboratively with onsite emergency medicine services (EMS) crews to facilitate transport of the injured athlete to the nearest appropriate hospital.
• Conroy, K., Snow, T., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016). Primary care sports medicine Fellowship. In EMRA Fellowship Guide: Opportunities for Emergency Physicians.
• Davenport, M., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2015). Arrhythmias and Sudden Cardiac Arrest in Athletes. In Sports Medicine For Emergency Physicians: A Handbook. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9781316084328.013

Journals/Publications

• Denq, W., Tomesch, A. J., Lane, A. D., Thomas, A., McNinch, N. L., & Waterbrook, A. (2023). National Needs Assessment of Emergency Medicine Residencies for Musculoskeletal Knowledge. Cureus, 15(8), e43638.
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  Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints and injuries account for a large percentage of presenting chief complaints to the emergency department in the United States (US). Despite the prevalence and economic impact on the US healthcare system, there is a documented deficiency in MSK education at all training and practicing levels in the US medical system. The purpose of this needs assessment is to better determine the state of MSK education in Emergency Medicine residency programs. Methods An online needs assessment form was sent to Emergency Medicine program directors in the US. Summary statistics were performed followed by an exploratory analysis. Results Data from 43 of 272 Emergency Medicine program directors that responded to this needs assessment were analyzed. Respondents ranked the importance of MSK education in Emergency Medicine on a Likert scale of 1-5 (very unimportant to very important) at a mean of 4.2. Additionally, 97.6% of respondents believe that their MSK curriculum could be improved. Seventy-nine percent of respondents were somewhat likely or highly likely to use a standardized method or tool to assess MSK knowledge. Of the top three barriers to MSK education implementation, 94.9% cited time, 56.4% cited interdepartmental relations, and 46.2% cited funding. Conclusion MSK knowledge is taught and assessed in highly variable methods across Emergency Medicine residency programs. Although efforts are being made to address the known deficiency in MSK knowledge, further research is needed to perform a larger needs assessment, study innovative MSK education modalities, and develop a standardized MSK assessment for Emergency Medicine residency training.
• Ferderber, M., Wilson, K., Buchanan, B. K., Street Callender, S. V., Deck, J. W., Kerr, H., Lemmen, B., Stafford, C. D., Wang, D. A., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2023). Sports Medicine Curricular Recommendations for Undergraduate Medical Education. Current sports medicine reports, 22(5), 172-180.
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  Sports medicine is a unique field encompassing many specialties and aspects of medicine. While musculoskeletal medicine is a significant aspect of sports medicine, the breadth of sports medicine extends beyond the musculoskeletal system and includes the spectrum of care for the patient who is or desires to be physically active. This article provides recommendations for sports medicine education in undergraduate medical education. The framework highlighting these recommendations uses domains of competence. Entrustable professional activities, measures that are endorsed by the Association of American Medical Colleges, were matched to domains of competence to provide objective markers of achievement. In addition to recommended sports medicine educational content, there should be consideration of both methods of assessment and implementation catered to each individual institution's needs and resources. These recommendations may serve as a guide for medical educators and institutions pursing optimization of sports medicine education.
• Moeller, J. L., Zaremski, J. L., Rao, A., Denq, W., Saffel, H. L., Nye, N. S., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2023). Online Sports Medicine Fellowship Education: The Genesis of a National Program and Year-1 Analysis. Current sports medicine reports, 22(1), 36-40.
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  The COVID-19 pandemic has created numerous challenges in all walks of life. One such challenge was the strain and subsequent effects on medical education, including the elimination of in-person learning opportunities. Consequently, in March of 2020, a nationwide Sports Medicine fellowship online education series was developed. Presentations were available for live and recorded viewing. Over the course of the 2020-2021 academic year, 38 presentations were offered, covering 45 topics. Live viewership totaled nearly 1600 through the year, while views of recorded lecture reached nearly 34,000. There was no statistical difference in the number of viewers for musculoskeletal versus nonmusculoskeletal topics in either the live (46.50 ± 35.37 vs. 43.38 ± 27.28 viewers, respectively; P = 0.77) or recorded formats (843.60 ± 337.66 vs 876.67 ± 624.70 viewers, respectively; P = 0.85). This article presents the novel approach to sports medicine education by the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine in the 2020-2021 academic year through the genesis the National Online Fellowship Education Program along with analyses of viewership data.
• Monseau, A. J., Balcik, B. J., Negaard, M., Lilly, C., Hogrefe, C. P., Gould, S., Odom, M. J., Guyer, C., Davenport, M., Chow, Y., Feden, J. P., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2023). Training and Practice Settings of Physicians Dual-Certified in Emergency and Sports Medicine. Current sports medicine reports, 22(1), 29-35.
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  Survey study of training and practice paradigms and job satisfaction of dual-boarded emergency medicine (EM) and sports medicine (SM) physicians. The REDCap survey was sent to 193 American Board of EM members who hold a Certificate of Added Qualification in SM. A total of 124 EM/SM physicians responded (67.5% male). More than 70% completed three-year residencies while only 28.5% had an EM/SM residency faculty. One-quarter delayed fellowship after residency 6.45 years on average. Regarding their first job after fellowship, 27.6% practiced only EM, 54.5% practiced both EM and SM, and 12.2% practiced only SM. Regarding their current job, 29.1% practice only EM. 47.3% practice both EM and SM, and 20.9% practice only SM. Only 13.9% and 9.9% indicated they are unhappy with their first job and current job, respectively. There is significant variability in practice settings for EM/SM physicians with the overwhelming majority being happy with their career choices.
• Schroeder, A. N., Amin, I., Bowen, B. J., Callender, S. S., Ferderber, M., Kerr, H. A., Phillips, S. F., Romero, J. M., Rudolph, L., Vidlock, K., Waterbrook, A. L., & Kruse, R. C. (2023). Implementing a Sports Ultrasound Curriculum in Undergraduate Medical Education. Current sports medicine reports, 22(9), 328-335.
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  The utilization of sports ultrasound in the clinical practice of sports medicine physicians is growing rapidly. Simultaneously, ultrasound is being increasingly implemented as a teaching tool in undergraduate medical education. However, a sports ultrasound curriculum for medical students has not been previously described. In this article, we describe methods as well as barriers to implementing a sports ultrasound curriculum at the medical school level. Recommended content for the curriculum also is discussed. While educational goals and resources will vary among institutions, this article may serve as a general roadmap for the creation of a successful curriculum.
• Zaremski, J. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Monseau, A. J., & Kliethermes, S. A. (2023). Trends in the Sports Medicine Match: An Analysis of the National Resident Matching Program Data from 2010 to 2021. Current sports medicine reports, 22(1), 41-44.
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  Sports medicine (SM) fellowship training has become popular among residents. Thus, an analysis was undertaken to assess data on matching rates from 2010 to 2021. The purpose of this study is to analyze trends in SM fellowship applications using National Resident Matching Program data. Retrospective study with analysis of applicants applying into accredited SM fellowships between 2010 and 2021. The number of accredited programs and fellowship positions have more than doubled from 2010 to 2021. There was a significant increase in match rates over time (P < 0.001); match rates were at 70% or below prior to 2015 and above 70% after 2015. The average number of applicants per position stayed consistent. The number of Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine applicants increased 110% whereas the number of U.S. born foreign and non-U.S. citizen applicants decreased 20.8%. SM fellowship training has increased since 2010. Acceptance rates and number of applicants have increased over time because of the growth in fellowship programs and accredited positions.
• Denq, W., Lane, A. D., Tomesch, A., Zagroba, S., Cahir, T. M., & Waterbrook, A. (2022). Impact of Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Rotations on Musculoskeletal Knowledge in Residency: An Update and Longitudinal Study. Cureus, 14(12), e32830.
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  Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints and injuries account for a significant percentage of presenting chief complaints to the emergency department in the United States (US). Despite the prevalence of disease and economic impact on the US healthcare system, there is a documented deficiency in MSK education at all training and practicing levels in the US medical system. The purpose of this study is to determine MSK knowledge acquisition after an orthopedic or primary care sports medicine (PCSM) rotation in three emergency medicine (EM) residency programs at a single institution. Methods A total of 115 EM post-graduate year 1 (PGY-1) residents participated in and completed this study over five academic years. Based on existing residency program curricula, the participants were categorized into two groups. One group completed a traditional four-week Orthopedic Surgery rotation and the other group completed a four-week Sports Medicine rotation. The validated written Freedman and Bernstein MSK examination (FB-MSK) was administered to all participants at the start of residency and at completion of their rotation. Fifty-nine of the participants participated in a longitudinal secondary study over five academic years. The FB-MSK was offered to all participants every year following the completion of their rotation during their residency. Results Post-rotation scores improved regardless of which group the resident belonged to. The orthopedic group improved an average of 3.11 points (p =
• Hall, M. M., Bernhardt, D., Finnoff, J. T., Hoffman, D., Hrubes, M., Mautner, K., Rao, A., Ray, J. W., Smith, J., & Waterbrook, A. (2022). American Medical Society for Sports Medicine sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships. British journal of sports medicine, 56(3), 127-137.
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  Sports ultrasound is commonly used by sports medicine physicians to enhance diagnostic and procedural accuracy. This expert consensus statement serves as an update to the 2015 American Medical Society for Sports Medicine recommended sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships. Although written in the context of the American sports medicine fellowship training model, we present a stepwise progression in both diagnostic and interventional sports ultrasound that may be applicable to the broader sports medicine community. The curriculum is divided into 12 units with each unit including didactic instructional sessions, practical hands-on instruction, independent scanning practice sessions and mentored clinical experience. To assist with prioritisation of learning, we have organised relevant pathology and procedures as , and The expanded content can serve as an outline for continuing education postfellowship or for any physician to further advance their sports ultrasound knowledge and skill. We also provide updated scanning protocols, sample milestones and a sample objective structured clinical examination to aid fellowships with implementation of the curriculum and ongoing assessment of fellow progress.
• Wylie, L. E., Waterbrook, A. L., & Dalen, J. E. (2022). Are Statins Indicated in Senior Citizens? A Review of Statin Therapy in the Elderly.. The American journal of medicine, 135(4), 426-429. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.11.009
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  The use of statin therapy in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has demonstrated substantial improvement in morbidity and mortality of the aging population. Despite exhaustive studies demonstrating the benefits of statin therapy linking lower cholesterol levels to decreased vascular events, statin guidelines vary greatly with age, and recommendations are unclear regarding initiation and discontinuation of statin therapy in patients 65 years and older. Data suggest that statins are highly effective at secondary prevention of major cardiovascular events and development of coronary heart disease in patients with a history of vascular disease or risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or smoking. Therefore, patients who meet these criteria, regardless of age, should begin statin therapy. There is also some evidence to suggest that statin therapy may be beneficial in primary prevention of major cardiovascular events, although these data are not as well studied as secondary prevention use of statin therapy, and should therefore be individualized for each patient.
• Chow, Y. C., Waterbrook, A. L., Suffoletto, H. N., Dolbec, K., Myers, R. A., Denq, W., Hwang, C. E., Kiel, J. M., Monseau, A. J., Balcik, B. J., Santelli, J. A., Oshlag, B. L., Hudson, K. B., Delasobera, B. E., Feden, J. P., Davenport, M., Childress, J. M., Desai, N. N., Gould, S. J., & Holschen, J. C. (2021). Recommended Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine Model Curriculum for Emergency Medicine Residency Training. Current sports medicine reports, 20(1), 31-46.
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  Musculoskeletal and sports medicine conditions are common in the emergency department (ED). Emergency physicians may not be receiving adequate education to achieve clinical competency in musculoskeletal medicine during residency training. This article aims to provide a standardized musculoskeletal and sports medicine curriculum for emergency medicine training. Broad curriculum goals include proficiency in evaluating and managing patients presenting to the ED with acute and chronic musculoskeletal complaints and other medical conditions related to or affected by physical exertion, sports participation, or environmental exposure. Specific objectives focus on knowledge of these disorders, physical examination skills, procedural skills including musculoskeletal ultrasound, appropriate consultation and referral, and patient education for these conditions. Educational methods will consist of didactics; online self-directed learning modules; simulation; and supervised clinical experiences in the ED, primary care sports medicine clinics, and orthopedic clinics if available. Curriculum implementation is expected to vary across programs due to differences in residency program structure and resources.
• Coleman, N., Beasley, M., Briskin, S., Chapman, M., Cuff, S., Demorest, R. A., Halstead, M., Hornbeck, K., Kinsella, S. B., Logan, K., Liu, R., Mooney, C., Myers, R. A., Ruparell, S., Santana, J., Walter, K. D., Waterbrook, A. L., & Wolf, S. F. (2021). Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine Curriculum Guidelines for Pediatric Residents. Current sports medicine reports, 20(4), 218-228.
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  Musculoskeletal (MSK) and sports-related conditions are relatively common in the pediatric population. Pediatric residencies should provide residents with the knowledge and skills to assess and manage both acute and chronic MSK and sports injuries and complaints. Residents should develop the competencies and attitudes to safeguard and promote a healthy and active lifestyle for youth. Programs can use a variety of educational tools, both in the clinic and on the field, to provide a well-rounded MSK curriculum throughout the residency years. This article provides a review of general pediatric sports medicine curriculum guidelines and suggested implementation strategies.
• Dalen, J. E., Goldberg, R. J., Waterbrook, A., Wylie, L., & Alpert, J. S. (2021). Should Senior Citizens Take Aspirin Daily to Prevent Heart Attacks or Strokes?. The American journal of medicine, 134(10), 1185-1188.
• Denq, W., Fox, J. D., Lane, A., Caballero, B., Godfrey, B., Yim, J., Hughes, K. E., Cahir, T. M., & Waterbrook, A. (2021). Impact of Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Rotations on Musculoskeletal Knowledge in Residency. Cureus, 13(3), e14211.
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  Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints and injuries comprise 18.7% of emergency department visits. However, only 61% of emergency physicians (EP) pass a validated written Freedman and Bernstein MSK examination (FB-MSK). Educational interventions such as a primary care sports medicine (PCSM) rotation aid in MSK residency education. This study utilizes a validated MSK examination to evaluate and compare MSK knowledge acquisition following a traditional orthopedic rotation and a PCSM rotation. Methods Forty-nine interns were recruited to participate in this study over two academic years. The FB-MSK was administered to all participants at the start of residency. Participants were divided into two groups based on their residency sites; one group completed a traditional four-week orthopedic surgery rotation and the second group completed a four-week PCSM rotation. Forty-six of the forty-nine participants were administered the FB-MSK after completion of their rotations. Results Individual post-rotation scores significantly improved regardless of rotation (mean difference 2.78, 0.001; 95% CI 2.05-3.52). The orthopedic surgery group significantly improved (mean difference 2.84,
• Hall, M. M., Bernhardt, D. T., Finnoff, J. T., Hoffman, D. F., Hrubes, M. R., Mautner, K. R., Rao, A. L., Ray, J. W., Smith, J., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2021). American Medical Society for Sports Medicine Sports Ultrasound Curriculum for Sports Medicine Fellowships. Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine, 31(4), e176-e187.
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  Sports ultrasound is commonly used by sports medicine physicians to enhance diagnostic and procedural accuracy. This expert consensus statement serves as an update to the 2015 American Medical Society for Sports Medicine recommended sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships. Although written in the context of the American sports medicine fellowship training model, we present a stepwise progression in both diagnostic and interventional sports ultrasound that may be applicable to the broader sports medicine community. The curriculum is divided into 12 units with each unit including didactic instructional sessions, practical hands-on instruction, independent scanning practice sessions, and mentored clinical experience. To assist with prioritization of learning, we have organized relevant pathology and procedures as essential, desirable, and optional. The expanded content can serve as an outline for continuing education postfellowship or for any physician to further advance their sports ultrasound knowledge and skill. We also provide updated scanning protocols, sample milestones, and a sample objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to aid fellowships with implementation of the curriculum and ongoing assessment of fellow progress.
• Liddle, D. G., Changstrom, B., Senter, C., Meirick, P., Stern, N., Putukian, M., Shah, S., Powell, A., Dixit, S., Eerkes, K., Moran, B., Barnes, K. P., Dal Molin, C., Myers, R., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2021). Recommended Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine Curriculum for Internal Medicine Residency Training. Current sports medicine reports, 20(2), 113-123.
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  Patients present to primary care physicians with musculoskeletal complaints more often than they do for upper respiratory infections, hypertension, or diabetes. Despite this, instruction in musculoskeletal medicine for internal medicine residents represents less than 1% of their total didactic and clinical education time. We recognize the immense breadth of knowledge and skill required to train residents in the practice of internal medicine. This curriculum guideline defines a recommended training strategy, and supplies relevant resources, to improve musculoskeletal education among internal medicine residents to optimize patient care. This curriculum guideline was created by internists who are sports medicine specialists. Sports medicine physicians promote overall health and well-being while providing expertise in acute and chronic musculoskeletal conditions, as well as how disease affects exercise and using exercise as medicine for people with chronic disease.
• Olufade, O. A., Patel, A., Cherian, C., Waterbrook, A. L., Zaremski, J. L., Sussman, W. I., Bowers, R., Hrubes, M., & Myers, R. A. (2021). Suggested Curricular Guidelines for Musculoskeletal and Sports Medicine in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Residency Training. Current sports medicine reports, 20(7), 366-373.
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  A sports medicine physician manages musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries and sport-related medical and MSK conditions of patients of all ages and abilities. Physical medicine and rehabilitation physicians (physiatrists) must be adequately trained to provide this care for all patients including, but not limited to, athletes participating in organized sports, the weekend warrior as well as athletes with disabilities. Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education core requirements and basic guidelines help physiatry residency training programs develop and implement residency curriculums. The goal of this article is to provide suggested curricular guidelines to optimize physiatrist training in MSK and sports medicine.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Nuno, T., Stolz, U., Keogh, A., Barnett, L., Bouska, M., Shekell, T., Verbunker, D., Berkman, M. R., & Lane, A. (2017). Retrospective analysis of concussion discharge instructions in the emergency department. Journal of Emergency Medicine.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Smith, J., Ray, J. W., Rao, A. L., Mautner, K. R., Hrubes, M. R., Hoffman, D. F., Hall, M. M., Finnoff, J. T., & Bernhardt, D. T. (2021). American Medical Society for Sports Medicine Sports Ultrasound Curriculum for Sports Medicine Fellowships.. Clinical journal of sport medicine : official journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine, 31(4), e176-e187. doi:10.1097/jsm.0000000000000944
  More info

  Sports ultrasound is commonly used by sports medicine physicians to enhance diagnostic and procedural accuracy. This expert consensus statement serves as an update to the 2015 American Medical Society for Sports Medicine recommended sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships. Although written in the context of the American sports medicine fellowship training model, we present a stepwise progression in both diagnostic and interventional sports ultrasound that may be applicable to the broader sports medicine community. The curriculum is divided into 12 units with each unit including didactic instructional sessions, practical hands-on instruction, independent scanning practice sessions, and mentored clinical experience. To assist with prioritization of learning, we have organized relevant pathology and procedures as essential, desirable, and optional. The expanded content can serve as an outline for continuing education postfellowship or for any physician to further advance their sports ultrasound knowledge and skill. We also provide updated scanning protocols, sample milestones, and a sample objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) to aid fellowships with implementation of the curriculum and ongoing assessment of fellow progress.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Smith, J., Ray, J. W., Rao, A. L., Mautner, K., Hrubes, M. R., Hoffman, D. F., Hall, M. M., Finnoff, J. T., & Bernhardt, D. T. (2021). American Medical Society for Sports Medicine sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships.. British journal of sports medicine. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2021-103915
  More info

  Sports ultrasound is commonly used by sports medicine physicians to enhance diagnostic and procedural accuracy. This expert consensus statement serves as an update to the 2015 American Medical Society for Sports Medicine recommended sports ultrasound curriculum for sports medicine fellowships. Although written in the context of the American sports medicine fellowship training model, we present a stepwise progression in both diagnostic and interventional sports ultrasound that may be applicable to the broader sports medicine community. The curriculum is divided into 12 units with each unit including didactic instructional sessions, practical hands-on instruction, independent scanning practice sessions and mentored clinical experience. To assist with prioritisation of learning, we have organised relevant pathology and procedures as essential, desirable and optional The expanded content can serve as an outline for continuing education postfellowship or for any physician to further advance their sports ultrasound knowledge and skill. We also provide updated scanning protocols, sample milestones and a sample objective structured clinical examination to aid fellowships with implementation of the curriculum and ongoing assessment of fellow progress.
• Wylie, L. E., Waterbrook, A. L., & Dalen, J. E. (2021). Are Statins Indicated in Senior Citizens? A Review of Statin Therapy in the Elderly. The American journal of medicine.
  More info

  The use of statin therapy in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) has demonstrated substantial improvement in morbidity and mortality of the aging population. Despite exhaustive studies demonstrating the benefits of statin therapy linking lower cholesterol levels to decreased vascular events, statin guidelines vary greatly with age, and recommendations are unclear regarding initiation and discontinuation of statin therapy in patients 65 years and older. Data suggest that statins are highly effective at secondary prevention of major cardiovascular events and development of coronary heart disease in patients with a history of vascular disease or risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, or smoking. Therefore, patients who meet these criteria, regardless of age, should begin statin therapy. There is also some evidence to suggest that statin therapy may be beneficial in primary prevention of major cardiovascular events, although these data are not as well studied as secondary prevention use of statin therapy, and should therefore be individualized for each patient.
• Wylie, L. E., Waterbrook, A. L., Goldberg, R. J., Dalen, J. E., & Alpert, J. S. (2021). Should Senior Citizens Take Aspirin Daily to Prevent Heart Attacks or Strokes??. The American journal of medicine. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.04.001
• Yim, J., Waterbrook, A. L., Lane, A. D., Hughes, K. E., Godfrey, B., Fox, J. D., Denq, W., Cahir, T. M., & Caballero, B. (2021). Impact of Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Rotations on Musculoskeletal Knowledge in Residency.. Cureus, 13(3), e14211. doi:10.7759/cureus.14211
  More info

  Introduction Musculoskeletal (MSK) complaints and injuries comprise 18.7% of emergency department visits. However, only 61% of emergency physicians (EP) pass a validated written Freedman and Bernstein MSK examination (FB-MSK). Educational interventions such as a primary care sports medicine (PCSM) rotation aid in MSK residency education. This study utilizes a validated MSK examination to evaluate and compare MSK knowledge acquisition following a traditional orthopedic rotation and a PCSM rotation. Methods Forty-nine interns were recruited to participate in this study over two academic years. The FB-MSK was administered to all participants at the start of residency. Participants were divided into two groups based on their residency sites; one group completed a traditional four-week orthopedic surgery rotation and the second group completed a four-week PCSM rotation. Forty-six of the forty-nine participants were administered the FB-MSK after completion of their rotations. Results Individual post-rotation scores significantly improved regardless of rotation (mean difference 2.78, p
• Hahn, M., Ray, J., Hall, M. M., Coe, I., Situ-LaCasse, E., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2020). Ultrasound in Trauma and Other Acute Conditions in Sports, Part I. Current sports medicine reports, 19(11), 486-494.
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  The utility of ultrasound in sports medicine is improving the sports medicine physician's ability to rapidly diagnose and treat a multitude of sports related pathologies. In this article, we clearly outline the current status of the evidence in support of using sports ultrasound in the setting of acute abdominal and thoracic trauma, acute lung illness, limited cardiac evaluation of a collapsed athlete, volume status assessment, and fracture evaluation.
• Millward, D., Root, A. D., Dubois, J., Cohen, R. P., Valdivia, L., Helming, B., Kokoskie, J., Waterbrook, A. L., & Paul, S. (2020). Association of Serum Vitamin D Levels and Stress Fractures in Collegiate Athletes. Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 8(12), 2325967120966967.
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  Low vitamin D levels along with high-intensity athletic training may put an athlete at increased risk for a stress fracture.
• Ray, J. W., Gende, A. M., Hall, M. M., Coe, I., Situ-LaCasse, E., & Waterbrook, A. (2020). Ultrasound in Trauma and Other Acute Conditions in Sports, Part II. Current sports medicine reports, 19(12), 546-551.
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  The utility of ultrasound in sports medicine is improving the sports medicine physician's ability to rapidly diagnose and treat a multitude of sports related pathologies. In this article, we clearly outline the current status of the evidence in support of using sports ultrasound in the setting of acute ocular injury, evaluation of elevated intracranial pressures, deep venous thrombosis, and soft tissue complaints.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Nattiv, A., & Drezner, J. A. (2019). Clinical research advancements shaping ‘best practice’. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(4), 201-212. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-100391
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  We are excited to present this AMSSM-BJSM issue, emphasising the highest quality clinical research by members of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) to help shape ‘best practice’. This call for papers resulted in a record number of high-quality original research submissions, most within AMSSM priority research areas. Each paper submitted received the highest standard of peer review and consideration. Original research papers in this issue include a multicentre randomised intervention trial by Stephanie Kliethermes and colleagues examining the impact of serial sports training risk assessment and counselling to reduce injury risk in young athletes ( see page 243 ); a randomised clinical trial by Kate Ackerman and colleagues on transdermal oestrogen replacement therapy in oligo-amenorrheic athletes to improve bone mineral density ( see page 229 ); and a multicentre study by Emily Kraus and colleagues using a modified female athlete triad cumulative risk assessment to predict bone stress injuries in male distance runners ( see page 237 ). Khodaee Morteza and colleagues also provide an important discussion piece addressing concerns related to portable intravenous fluids in sports ( see page 226 ). The comprehensive AMSSM …
• Dalen, J. E., Ryan, K. J., Waterbrook, A. L., & Alpert, J. S. (2018). Hospitalists, Medical Education, and U.S. Health Care Costs. The American journal of medicine, 131(11), 1267-1269.
• Situ-LaCasse, E., Grieger, R. W., Crabbe, S., Waterbrook, A. L., Friedman, L., & Adhikari, S. (2018). Utility of point-of-care musculoskeletal ultrasound in the evaluation of emergency department musculoskeletal pathology. World journal of emergency medicine, 9(4), 262-266.
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  To evaluate the utilization of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for the assessment of emergency department (ED) patients with musculoskeletal symptoms and the impact of musculoskeletal POCUS on medical decision-making and patient management in the ED.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018). Assessment of Emergency Medicine Residents’ Musculoskeletal Knowledge Acquisition After Primary Care Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Rotations. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, 28(2), 220-1.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Manning, M. A., & Dalen, J. E. (2018). The Significance of Incidental Findings on Computed Tomography of the Chest. The Journal of emergency medicine, 55(4), 503-506.
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  Computed tomography (CT) of the chest has replaced lung scans and pulmonary angiography as the criterion standard for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE). Most of these examinations are negative for PE, but they frequently have incidental findings that may require further evaluation.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Spear Ellinwood, K. C., Pritchard, T. G., Bertels, K., Johnson, A. C., Min, A., & Stoneking, L. R. (2018). Shadowing emergency medicine residents by medical education specialists to provide feedback on non-medical knowledge-based ACGME sub-competencies. Advances in medical education and practice, 9, 307-315.
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  Non-medical knowledge-based sub-competencies (multitasking, professionalism, accountability, patient-centered communication, and team management) are challenging for a supervising emergency medicine (EM) physician to evaluate in real-time on shift while also managing a busy emergency department (ED). This study examines residents' perceptions of having a medical education specialist shadow and evaluate their nonmedical knowledge skills.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Spear-Ellinwood, K. C., Pritchard, T. G., Bertels, K. L., Johnson, A. C., Min, A., & Stoneking, L. R. (2018). Shadowing emergency medicine residents by medical education specialists to provide feedback on non-medical knowledge-based ACGME sub-competencies. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 9, 307-315. doi:10.2147/AMEP.S151216
• Waterbrook, A. L., Spear-Ellinwood, K. C., Pritchard, T. G., Bertels, K., Johnson, A. C., Min, A., & Stoneking, L. R. (2018). Shadowing emergency medicine residents by medical education specialists to provide feedback on non-medical knowledge-based ACGME sub-competencies. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 2018(9), 307–315. doi:10.2147/AMEP.S151216
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  This manuscript was developed from an on-going study that is examining Emergency Medicine Residents' beliefs about the effectiveness of Medical Education Specialists in providing real-time, end-of shift, and written feedback. Two medical education specialists observed individual residents for a full shift and provided them with oral and written feedback regarding Professionalism, Interpersonal Skills and Communication, time management and organiziation.
• Dalen, J. E., Waterbrook, A. L., & Dalen, J. E. (2017). Why Are Nearly All CT Pulmonary Angiograms for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism Negative?. The American journal of medicine, 130(3), 247-248. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.03.043
• Lane, A. D., Berkman, M. R., Verbunker, D., Shekell, T., Bouska, M., Barnett, L., Keogh, A., Nuno, T., Stolz, U., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2017). Retrospective Chart Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. The Journal of emergency medicine, 52(5), 690-698.
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  Recognition and diagnosis of concussion is increasing, but current research shows these patients are discharged from the emergency department (ED) with a wide variability of recommendations and instructions.
• Lane, A., Berkman, M. R., Verbunker, D., Shekell, T., Bouska, M., Barnett, L., Keogh, A., Nuno, T., Stolz, U., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2017). Retrospective analysis of concussion discharge instructions in the emergency department. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 52(5), 690-698. doi:10.1016/j.jemermed.2016.12.017
• Myrdal, C. N., Huang, S., Beach, H. N., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2017). Comparison of knowledge, perception and attitudes of concussion in previously concussed versus non-concussed youth soccer players. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 45(3), 286-292.
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  To examine if history of concussion is correlated with a difference in knowledge, attitude, and perception of concussive injuries in youth soccer players.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Balcik, B. J., & Goshinska, A. J. (2017). Blood Glucose Levels After Local Musculoskeletal Steroid Injections in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: A Clinical Review. Sports health, 9(4), 372-374.
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  Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become an epidemic in the United States and is associated with increased risk of multiple comorbidities, including painful musculoskeletal conditions. A common treatment for many of these painful musculoskeletal conditions is local soft tissue and intra-articular corticosteroid injection (CSI). These local injections have the potential to cause elevated blood glucose levels (BGLs) and cause complications in patients with DM. Therefore, it was the objective of this investigation to review the currently available evidence that directly addresses the effects of local CSIs used for painful musculoskeletal conditions on BGL in patients with DM.
• Yee, A. M., Christensen, D. N., Waterbrook, A. L., & Amini, R. (2017). Parapharyngeal abscess with tracheal deviation. Internal and emergency medicine, 12(7), 1077-1078.
• Dalen, J. E., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016). Why Are Nearly All CT Pulmonary angiograms for Suspected Pulmonary Embolism Negative?. The American journal of medicine.
• Fazel, M. T., Fazel, M. T., Waterbrook, A. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Alfayez, O., Alfayez, O., Pendergrass, M. L., & Pendergrass, M. L. (2016). ACCP Annual Meeting Scientific Abstracts-Emergency medicine (EM) physicians' perception of outpatient insulin initiation of patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in the emergency department (ED). Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy, 36(12), e228–e229.. doi:10.1002/phar.1877
• Pritchard, G., Stoneking, L. R., Koch, B. D., McAtee, R., Grall, K., Min, A., Waterbrook, A. L., Lane, A. D., Prior, J., Farrell, I. J., Mcnulty, H. G., & Stolz, U. (2016). Development of a novel sports medicine rotation for emergency medicine residents.. Advances in Medical Education and Practice.
• Stoneking, L. R., Stoneking, L. R., Waterbrook, A. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Garst Orozco, J., Garst Orozco, J., Johnston, D., Johnston, D., Bellafiore, A., Bellafiore, A., Davies, C., Davies, C., Nuno, T., Nuno, T., Fatas, J. M., Fatas, J. M., Beita, O., Beita, O., Ng, V., , Ng, V., et al. (2016). Does Spanish instruction for emergency medicine resident physicians improve patient satisfaction in the emergency department and adherence to medical recommendations?. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 7, 467-473.
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  Approximately 1 hours spent on project for 2015Approximately 6 hours spent on project for 2016
• Stoneking, L. R., Waterbrook, A. L., Garst Orozco, J., Johnston, D., Bellafiore, A., Davies, C., Nuno, T., Fatas, J. M., Beita, O., Ng, V., Grall, K., & Adamas-Rappaport, W. (2016). Does Spanish instruction for emergency medicine resident physicians improve patient satisfaction in the emergency department and adherence to medical recommendations?. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 7, 467-473.
  More info

  Approximately 1 hours spent on project for 2015
• Stoneking, L. R., Waterbrook, A. L., Garst Orozco, J., Johnston, D., Bellafiore, A., Davies, C., Nuño, T., Fatás-Cabeza, J., Beita, O., Ng, V., Grall, K. H., & Adamas-Rappaport, W. (2016). Does Spanish instruction for emergency medicine resident physicians improve patient satisfaction in the emergency department and adherence to medical recommendations?. Advances in medical education and practice, 7, 467-73.
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  After emergency department (ED) discharge, Spanish-speaking patients with limited English proficiency are less likely than English-proficient patients to be adherent to medical recommendations and are more likely to be dissatisfied with their visit.
• Stucki, J., Fox, J., Griffin, M., Keyser, A., Lane, A. D., McNulty, H., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016). Assessment of musculoskeletal knowledge among Emergency Medicine physicians. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine, 26(2), e52.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., Lane, A. D., Stoneking, L. R., Koch, B. D., McAtee, R., Grall, K. H., Min, A. A., Prior, J., Farrell, I. J., McNulty, H. G., Stolz, U., Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., Lane, A. D., Stoneking, L. R., Koch, B. D., McAtee, R., Grall, K. H., , Min, A. A., et al. (2016). Development of a novel sports medicine rotation for emergency medicine residents. Advances in medical education and practice, 7, 249-55. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S92428
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  Musculoskeletal complaints are the most common reason for patients to visit a physician, yet competency in musculoskeletal medicine is invariably reported as a deficiency in medical education in the USA. Sports medicine clinical rotations improve both medical students' and residents' musculoskeletal knowledge. Despite the importance of this knowledge, a standardized sports medicine curriculum in emergency medicine (EM) does not exist. Hence, we developed a novel sports medicine rotation for EM residents to improve their musculoskeletal educational experience and to improve their knowledge in musculoskeletal medicine by teaching the evaluation and management of many common musculoskeletal disorders and injuries that are encountered in the emergency department. The University of Arizona has two distinct EM residency programs, South Campus (SC) and University Campus (UC). The UC curriculum includes a traditional 4-week orthopedic rotation, which consistently rated poorly on evaluations by residents. Therefore, with the initiation of a new EM residency at SC, we replaced the standard orthopedic rotation with a novel sports medicine rotation for EM interns. This rotation includes attendance at sports medicine clinics with primary care and orthopedic sports medicine physicians, involvement in sport event coverage, assigned reading materials, didactic experiences, and an on-call schedule to assist with reductions in the emergency department. We analyzed postrotation surveys completed by residents, postrotation evaluations of the residents completed by primary care sports medicine faculty and orthopedic chief residents, as well as the total number of dislocation reductions performed by each graduating resident at both programs over the last 5 years. While all residents in both programs exceeded the ten dislocation reductions required for graduation, residents on the sports medicine rotation had a statistically significant higher rate of satisfaction of their educational experience when compared to the traditional orthopedics rotation. All SC residents successfully completed their sports medicine rotation, had completed postrotation evaluations by attending physicians, and had no duty hour violations while on sports medicine. In our experience, a sports medicine rotation is an effective alternative to the traditional orthopedics rotation for EM residents.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., Lane, A. D., Stoneking, L. R., Koch, B., McAtee, R., Grall, K. H., Min, A. A., Prior, J., Farrell, I., McNulty, H. G., & Stolz, U. (2016). Development of a novel sports medicine rotation for emergency medicine residents. Advances in medical education and practice, 7, 249-55.
  More info

  Musculoskeletal complaints are the most common reason for patients to visit a physician, yet competency in musculoskeletal medicine is invariably reported as a deficiency in medical education in the USA. Sports medicine clinical rotations improve both medical students' and residents' musculoskeletal knowledge. Despite the importance of this knowledge, a standardized sports medicine curriculum in emergency medicine (EM) does not exist. Hence, we developed a novel sports medicine rotation for EM residents to improve their musculoskeletal educational experience and to improve their knowledge in musculoskeletal medicine by teaching the evaluation and management of many common musculoskeletal disorders and injuries that are encountered in the emergency department. The University of Arizona has two distinct EM residency programs, South Campus (SC) and University Campus (UC). The UC curriculum includes a traditional 4-week orthopedic rotation, which consistently rated poorly on evaluations by residents. Therefore, with the initiation of a new EM residency at SC, we replaced the standard orthopedic rotation with a novel sports medicine rotation for EM interns. This rotation includes attendance at sports medicine clinics with primary care and orthopedic sports medicine physicians, involvement in sport event coverage, assigned reading materials, didactic experiences, and an on-call schedule to assist with reductions in the emergency department. We analyzed postrotation surveys completed by residents, postrotation evaluations of the residents completed by primary care sports medicine faculty and orthopedic chief residents, as well as the total number of dislocation reductions performed by each graduating resident at both programs over the last 5 years. While all residents in both programs exceeded the ten dislocation reductions required for graduation, residents on the sports medicine rotation had a statistically significant higher rate of satisfaction of their educational experience when compared to the traditional orthopedics rotation. All SC residents successfully completed their sports medicine rotation, had completed postrotation evaluations by attending physicians, and had no duty hour violations while on sports medicine. In our experience, a sports medicine rotation is an effective alternative to the traditional orthopedics rotation for EM residents.
• Hiller, K. M., Waterbrook, A., & Waters, K. (2015). Timing of Emergency Medicine Student Evaluation Does Not Affect Scoring. The Journal of emergency medicine.
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  Evaluation of medical students rotating through the emergency department (ED) is an important formative and summative assessment method. Intuitively, delaying evaluation should affect the reliability of this assessment method, however, the effect of evaluation timing on scoring is unknown.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Shah, A., Jannicky, E., Stolz, U., Cohen, R. P., Gross, A., & Adhikari, S. (2015). Sonographic inferior vena cava measurements to assess hydration status in college football players during preseason camp. Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, 34(2), 239-45.
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  The purpose of this study was to determine whether sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava (IVC) in college football players during preseason camp is a reliable way to detect and monitor dehydration. Our primary hypothesis was that IVC diameter measurements, the postpractice caval index, and expiratory diameter were significantly related to percent weight loss after a preseason football practice.
• Berkman, M. R., Stolz, U., Smith, J. J., Waterbrook, A. L., Stolz, U., Smith, J. J., Larsen, J., Denninghoff, K. R., Caldwell, J., & Berkman, M. R. (2014). 369 Ketamine and Morphine versus Morphine Alone for Treatment of Acute Pain in the Emergency Department. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 64(4), S131-S132. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.397
• Grall, K. H., Stoneking, L. R., DeLuca, L. A., Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., & Denninghoff, K. R. (2014). An innovative longitudinal curriculum to increase emergency medicine residents' exposure to rarely encountered and technically challenging procedures. Advances in medical education and practice, 5, 229-36.
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  Procedural skills have historically been taught at the bedside. In this study, we aimed to increase resident knowledge of uncommon emergency medical procedures to increase residents' procedural skills in common and uncommon emergency medical procedures and to integrate cognitive training with hands-on procedural instruction using high- and low-fidelity simulation.
• Grall, K. H., Stoneking, L. R., Deluca, L. A., Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., Denninghoff, K. R., Grall, K. H., Stoneking, L. R., Deluca, L. A., Waterbrook, A. L., Pritchard, T. G., & Denninghoff, K. R. (2014). An innovative longitudinal curriculum to increase emergency medicine residents' exposure to rarely encountered and technically challenging procedures. Advances in medical education and practice, 5, 229-36. doi:https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S58073
  More info

  Procedural skills have historically been taught at the bedside. In this study, we aimed to increase resident knowledge of uncommon emergency medical procedures to increase residents' procedural skills in common and uncommon emergency medical procedures and to integrate cognitive training with hands-on procedural instruction using high- and low-fidelity simulation.
• Stolz, U., Waterbrook, A. L., Verbunker, D., Stolz, U., Shekell, T., Lane, A., Keogh, A., Bouska, M., Berkman, M., & Barnett, L. (2014). 277 Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. Annals of Emergency Medicine, 64(4), S98. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2014.07.304
• Waterbrook, A. L., Adhikari, S., Stolz, U., & Adrion, C. (2013). The accuracy of point-of-care ultrasound to diagnose long bone fractures in the ED. The American journal of emergency medicine, 31(9), 1352-6.
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  To determine the diagnostic accuracy of emergency physician performed point-of care ultrasound (POCUS) for detecting long bone fractures compared to standard radiography.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Hiller, K., Hays, D. P., & Berkman, M. (2013). Do topical antibiotics help prevent infection in minor traumatic uncomplicated soft tissue wounds?. Annals of emergency medicine, 61(1), 86-8.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Hiller, K., Hays, D. P., & Berkman, M. (2013). In reply.. Annals of emergency medicine, 61(4), 502-3. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.10.017
• Waterbrook, A. L., & Paul, S. (2011). Intra-articular Lidocaine Injection for Shoulder Reductions: A Clinical Review. Sports health, 3(6), 556-9.
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  The shoulder is the most commonly dislocated joint, and shoulder dislocations are very common in sports. Many of these dislocations present to the office or training room for evaluation. Usual practice is an attempt at manual reduction without analgesia and then transfer to the emergency department if unsuccessful. The clinical efficacy of intra-articular lidocaine for reduction of anterior shoulder dislocations in the outpatient setting was examined.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2010). Images in emergency medicine. A woman with ankle pain. Maisonneuve fracture.. Annals of emergency medicine, 56(2), 94, 134. doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2009.08.023
• Waterbrook, A. L., Southall, J. C., Strout, T. D., & Baumann, M. R. (2010). The knowledge and usage of complementary and alternative medicine by emergency department patients and physicians. The Journal of emergency medicine, 39(5), 569-75.
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  To evaluate Emergency Department (ED) patients' desire to discuss complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with their emergency physicians, their willingness to try CAM for their presenting complaint, and emergency physicians' attitudes, beliefs, and usage of CAM.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Germann, C. A., & Southall, J. C. (2007). Is epinephrine harmful when used with anesthetics for digital nerve blocks?. Annals of emergency medicine, 50(4), 472-5.
• Grant, D. C., Chan, L., & Waterbrook, A. (2005). Urine nitrite not correlated with bacterial resistance to cephalosporins. The Journal of emergency medicine, 28(3), 321-3.
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  Previous research has failed to identify urine nitrite as a useful marker for bacterial resistance to trimethorprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX). Evolving resistance to TMP/SMX has encouraged the use of alternate antibiotics, including first-generation cephalosporins. The objective of this study was to reanalyze the relationship between urine nitrite results and bacterial resistance, focusing on first-generation cephalosporins. This was a retrospective review of consecutive culture positive urinalyses collected from December 2002 to July 2003. The majority of the 642 cultures reviewed contained Esherichia coli (74%). Thirty-six percent (233/642) were nitrite positive. Ten percent (24/233) of the nitrite positive urines were resistance to first-generation cephalosporin (cefazolin). In the nitrite-negative group 15.0% (62/409) were resistant. This difference was not statistically significant. We conclude that the detection of urine nitrites should not influence the use of first-generation cephalosporins for urinary tract infection.

Proceedings Publications

• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, October). Appropriate Use Criteria for ACL Injury Prevention Programs. In American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
  More info

  Nominated and appointed to be ACEP representative on multidisciplinary voting panel for AAOS on treatment and prevention of ACL tears.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, October). Appropriate Use Criteria for the Treatment of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury. In American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons.
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  Nominated and appointed to be ACEP representative on multidisciplinary voting panel for AAOS on treatment and prevention of ACL tears.

Presentations

• Waterbrook, A. L. (2021). Royal Pain in the Back. ACEP National Conference.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2021, October). High Risk Orthopedic Injuries in the ED. ACEP National Conference.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Tomesch, A., & Feden, J. (2021). Airway Management in SMARTEST workshop. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Annual National Conference.
• Feden, J., Waterbrook, A. L., Davenport, M., & Monseau, A. J. (2016, May). Off the Beaten Path: Building a Career in Sports Medicine. Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Annual National Conference. New Orleans, LA.
• Griffin, M., Keyser, A., Fox, J., Lane, A., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, April). Assessment of musculoskeletal knowledge amongst emergency medicine physicians. Resident Research Forum, Department of Emergency Medicine; The University of Arizona. Tucson, AZ.
• Hall, M., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, April). Sideline Sports Ultrasound. American Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Annual National Conference. Dallas, TX.
• Petrizzi, M., Cole, S., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, April). Sideline Management Assessment Response Techniques (Airway Management). American Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Annual National Conference. Dallas, TX.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, April). Sideline Management of Chest and Abdominal Trauma. American Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Annual National Conference. Dallas, TX.

Poster Presentations

• Tomesh, A., Ticas, D., Barron, K., Denq, W., Lane, A., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2021). Acquisition of MSK Knowledge of Emergency Medicine Residents Compared to Orthopedic Surgery Rotatio. AMSSM National Conference.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Lane, A., Denq, W., Barron, K., Ticas, D., & Tomesh, A. (2021). Acquisition of MSK Knowledge of Emergency Medicine Residents Compared to Orthopedic Surgery Rotatio. AMSSM National Conference.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018, April). Assessment of Emergency Medicine Residents’ Musculoskeletal Knowledge Acquisition After Primary Care Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Surgery Rotations. AMSSM National Conference. Lake Buena Vista, FL.: AMSSM.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018, February). Emergency Medicine Residents’ Musculoskeletal Knowledge Acquisition After Sports Medicine and Orthopedic Rotations. 19th Annual Society for Academic Emergency Physicians (SAEM) Western Regional Meeting. Albuquerque, NM: WSAEM.
• Fazel, M. T., Fazel, M. T., Waterbrook, A. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Alfayez, O., Alfayez, O., Pendergrass, M. L., Pendergrass, M. L., Fazel, M. T., Waterbrook, A. L., Alfayez, O., & Pendergrass, M. L. (2016, October/Fall). Emergency medicine (EM) physicians' perception of outpatient insulin initiation of patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in the emergency department (ED). 2016 ACCP Annual Meeting on Clinical Pharmacy. Hollywood, FL.
• Fox, J., Griffin, M., Keyser, A., Lane, A., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, April). Assessment of musculoskeletal knowledge amongst emergency medicine physicians. 19th Annual Society for Academic Emergency Physicians (SAEM) Western Regional Meeting. Marina del Rey, CA.
• Keyser, A., Griffin, M., Fox, J., Lane, A., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2016, May). Assessment of musculoskeletal knowledge amongst emergency medicine physicians. Scholarly Day; Banner University Medical Center South Campus. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L., Fox, J., & Griffin, M. (2016, March). Assessment of musculoskeletal knowledge among Emergency Medicine physicians. Western Society for Academic Emergency Physicians.
• Fazel, M. T., Waterbrook, A. L., Alfayez, O., & Pendergrass, M. L. (2015, October/Fall). Emergency medicine (EM) physicians' perception of outpatient insulin initiation of patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes in the emergency department (ED). 2016 ACCP Annual Meeting on Clinical Pharmacy. Hollywood, FL.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, April 2015). Atypical Chest Pain in a NCAA Division 1 Football Player. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) National Conference. Hollywood, Fl: AMSSM.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, April 2015). Does Spanish Instruction for Emergency Medicine Residents Improve Patient Satisfaction in the Emergency Department and Adherence to Follow-up?. Resident Research Forum, Department of Emergency Medicine. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, April 2015). Improving patient satisfaction scores in the ED with AIDET, a quality improvement (QI) project. Resident Research Forum, Department of Emergency Medicine. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, April 2015). Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) National Conference. Hollywood, Fl.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, April 2015). The Effect of Corticosteroid Injections of the Knee and Shoulder on Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Diabetes. American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) National Conference. Hollywood, Fl.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, March 2015). Does Spanish Instruction for Emergency Medicine Residents Improve Patient Satisfaction in the Emergency Department and Adherence to Follow-up?. 18th Annual Society for Academic Emergency Physicians (SAEM) Western Regional Meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, March 2015). Improving patient satisfaction scores in the ED with AIDET, a quality improvement (QI) project. 18th Annual Society for Academic Emergency Physicians (SAEM) Western Regional Meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, March 2015). Retrospective analysis of concussion discharge instructions in the emergency department. 18th Annual Society for Academic Emergency Physicians (SAEM) Western Regional Meeting. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, May 2015). Improving patient satisfaction scores in the ED with AIDET, a quality improvement (QI) project. Society of Academic Emergency Medicine. San Diego, CA.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, May 2015). Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. Society of Academic Emergency Medicine. San Diego, CA.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, May 2015). Retrospective analysis of concussion discharge instructions in the emergency department. Scholarly Day; Banner University Medical Center South Campus. Tucson, AZ.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, May 2015). Retrospective educational analysis of emergency medicine resident experience on orthopedic and sports medicine rotations. Scholarly Day; Banner University Medical Center South Campus. Tucson, AZ.
• Berkman, M. R., Berkman, M. R., Berkman, M. R., Larsen, J., Larsen, J., Larsen, J., Smith, J., Smith, J., Smith, J., Caldwell, J., Caldwell, J., Caldwell, J., Waterbrook, A. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Waterbrook, A. L., Stolz, U., Stolz, U., Stolz, U., Denninghoff, K. R., , Denninghoff, K. R., et al. (2014, June). Ketamine and Morphine versus Morphine Alone for Treatment of Acute Pain in the Emergency Department. American College of Emergency Physicians Annual Conference.
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  Chicago, IL
• Berkman, M. R., Lane, A., Shekell, T., Barnett, L., Keogh, A., VerBunker, D., Bouska, M., Stolz, U., & Waterbrook, A. L. (2014, June). Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. American College of Emergency Physicians Annual Conference.
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  Chicago IL

Case Studies

• Waterbrook, A. L. (2010. Images in emergency medicine. A woman with ankle pain. Maisonneuve fracture(pp 94, 134).

Other Teaching Materials

• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018. Commonly Used Splints, Splint Principles 104. ALIEM.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018. I Am Emergency-Sports Medicine. ACEP EMRA Sports Medicine Section.
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  EMRA Sports Medicine Section video series
• Waterbrook, A. L., & Ross, I. R. (2017. EMRA Splinting Guide. EMRA.

Others

• Waterbrook, A. L. (2018, May, August). From the Chair. https://www.acep.org/how-we-serve/sections/sports-medicine/news/august-2018/from-the-chair/#sm.0001l3p712domdbdzxl1kfiaz4hw0
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  Edit and write article for ACEP sports medicine section biannually
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, 2015). Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. Academic Emergency Medicine.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, 2015). Retrospective Analysis of Concussion Discharge Instructions in the Emergency Department. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, 2015). The Effect of Corticosteroid Injections of the Knee and Shoulder on Blood Glucose Levels in Patients with Diabetes. Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine.
• Waterbrook, A. L. (2015, February). NEJM Knowledge+ Family Medicine Board Review. Authored x 11 of questions in sports medicine for a comprehensive lifelong learning product from NEJM Group. http://knowledgeplus.nejm.org/
• Waterbrook, A. L., Hiller, K., Berkman, M., & Hays, D. P. (2013). In reply. Annals of emergency medicine.