Kenneth Alan Fox

Interests

Teaching

Congenital Heart Disease in Children and Adults

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Lancaster, J., Grijalva, A., Fink, J., Ref, J., Daugherty, S., Whitman, S., Fox, K., Gorman, G., Lancaster, L., Avery, R., Acharya, T., McArthur, A., Strom, J., Pierce, M. L., Moukabary, T., Borgstrom, M., Benson, D., Mangiola, M., Pandey, A., , Zile, M., et al. (2023). Biologically derived epicardial patch induces macrophage mediated pathophysiologic repair in chronically infarcted swine hearts. Communications Biology.
• Meziab, O., Hoyer, A. W., Fox, K. A., & Seckeler, M. D. (2023). 3-Dimensional Printing for Planning for Transvenous Pacemaker Placement in Complex Congenital Heart Disease. JACC. Clinical electrophysiology.
• Fox, K., Seckeler, M., & Webber, Z. (2022). Using 3D Printed Heart Models for Surgical and Catheterization Planning in Congenital Heart Disease. Current Treatment Options in Pediatrics. doi:DOI 10.1007/s40746-022-00238-x
• Goldman, S., Fox, K., Lancaster, J. J., Koevary, J., Avery, R., Daugherty, S. L., Gorman, G., LANCASTER, L., McArthur, A., Ref, J., & Grijalva, A. (2021). Abstract MP205: Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Derived Cardiomyocyte And Fibroblast Patch To Treat Heart Failure. Circulation Research, 129(Suppl_1). doi:10.1161/res.129.suppl_1.mp205
  More info

  Background: We tested a tissue engineered (TE) patch composed of a biodegradable mesh embedded with human neonatal fibroblasts and seeded with human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) to treat heart failure in Yucatan mini swine receiving no immune suppression. Methods: Swine (N=12) underwent a 90-minute balloon occlusion/reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery to create a myocardial infarction (MI). Following a 4-week recovery, the TE patch was implanted via a mini median sternotomy. The following were obtained: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging, cardiac catheterization, activity monitoring with FitBark collars, treadmill testing, 24/7 ECGs with implanted loop recorders. Results: At 4 weeks after MI, swine had increased left ventricular (LV) volumes, decreased end-systolic elastance (Ees), a shift of the diastolic pressure/volume (P/V) to the right of baseline and an increase in the LV mass/volume. After 6 months of treatment, the TE treated swine (N=7) compared to inert tissue treated swine (N=5): End-systolic volume (2% decrease vs 18% increase); End-diastolic volume (7% decrease vs 26% increase): Ees (1.0±0.2 vs 1.9±0.2 mmHg/mL, P=0.006); the diastolic P/V loops shifted back toward baseline with no change in slope, and LV mass decreased. There was no mortality related to treatment; the TE patch was well tolerated as assessed by CMR and histology. The loop recorders showed TE treated animals remained in sinus rhythm throughout with no ventricular arrhythmias, no change in heart rate and a 20% increase in daily activity levels and a 20% increase in exercise tolerance. Conclusions: This TE patch with human neonatal fibroblasts and hiPSC-CMs improves LV function, partially reverses LV remodeling and improves exercise in non-immune suppressed swine with heart failure after 6 months of treatment.
• Fox, K. A., Kern, M. C., Janardhanan, R., Kelly, T., Klewer, S. E., & Seckeler, M. D. (2020). Mutimodality Imaging for Diagnosis and Procedural Planning for a Ruptured Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm.. Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, 4, E139-E142. doi:http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcct.2019.09.018
• Fox, K. A., Seckeler, M. D., Klewer, S. E., Kelly, T., Janardhanan, R., & Kern, M. C. (2020).

  Multimodality imaging for diagnosis and procedural planning for a ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm

  . Journal of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography. doi:10.1016/j.jcct.2019.09.018
• Fox, K. A., Seckeler, M. D., Pacheco, G. S., White, S. C., & Haughey, B. (2020). Invasive Cardiac Procedures in Interstage Single Ventricle Patients in Emergent Hospitalizations. Pediatric Cardiology. doi:10.1007/s00246-019-02247-4
• Fox, K. A., Goldman, S., Lancaster, J. J., Sawyer, T. W., Avery, R., Lancaster, L. D., Winkelman, J., Jauregui, A., Spencer-Bearham, D., & Daugherty, S. (2019). Abstract 710: Quality of Life Assessment in Yucatan Mini Swine after Myocardial Infarction. Circulation Research, 125(Suppl_1). doi:10.1161/res.125.suppl_1.710
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  Introduction: Quality of life assessments (QOL) measurements are valuable in assessing functional class in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Yet, limited quantifiable QOL measures are available in pre-clinical animal models of CHF. To address this issue, we developed methods of QOL assessments in mini swine after myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Quality of life activity was continuously monitored in Yucatan mini-swine using collar-mounted activity monitors (Fitbark 2) and by performing treadmill exercise tests. Activity treadmill data were obtained for 1 month before and 1 month following MI. Myocardial infarction was created by 90-minute occlusion-reperfusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Infarct size and ventricular volumes were measured with Magnetic Resonance Imaging prior to and 1 month after MI. Results: The swine had an average MI size of 20±3%, with increases in LV end-diastolic volume from 62.8±7.8 to 72.1±7.4 ml, LV end-systolic volume from 22.1±2.7 to 36.6±4.8 ml and a decrease in EF from 65±3% to 49±4%, N=5-6 (P
• Fox, K., Haughey, B., White, S., Pacheco, G., & Seckeler, M. (2019). Invasive Cardiac Procedures in Interstage Single Ventricle Patients in Emergent Hospitalizations.. Pediatric Cardiology, 41, 237-240. doi:https://doi.org/10.10007/s00246-019-02247
• Fox, K., Lancaster, J., Koevary, J., Chinyere, I., Daugherty, S., & Goldman, S. (2019). Surgical Treatment for Heart Failure:Cell-based Therapy with Engineered Tissue.. Vessel Plus, 3, 34. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/2574-1209.2019.16
• Lancaster, J. J., Koevary, J. W., Chinyere, I. R., Daugherty, S. L., Fox, K. A., & Goldman, S. (2019). Surgical treatment for heart failure: cell-based therapy with engineered tissue. Vessel plus, 3.
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  This review will outline cell-based therapy for heart failure focusing on tissue engineering to deliver cells to the damaged heart. We will present an overview of the central approaches focusing on pluripotent stem cell-derived cells, mechanisms of action, autologous . allogeneic cell approaches, immunologic modulation, and safety considerations. We will outline the progress that has been made to-date and define the areas that still need to be investigated in order to advance the field.
• Fox, K., Seckeler, M., & White, S. (2018). Increased risk of intraventricular hemorrhage in low birth weight infants with aortic coarctation

  . The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. doi:10.1080/14767058.2018.1517319

• Fox, K. A., Garcia, N. M., Lawson, K. A., & Gettig, K. (2015).

  Penetrating Knitting Needle Through the Mediastinum in a Child

  . Journal of trauma nursing. doi:10.1097/jtn.0000000000000123
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  Thoracic injuries are second only to central nervous system injuries as the leading cause of traumatic death in patients of all ages. Penetrating chest injury is very uncommon in children, but it comes with significant morbidity and mortality. Presentation of penetrating thoracic injury in the child is unique with inherent opportunities for learning. The purpose of this case report was to disseminate information regarding rare thoracic trauma in the pediatric patient.
• Fox, K., Roach, D., Berman, S., Jarrell, B., Ruffenach, S., & Dekker, M. (2002). Central Venous Catheter Selection and Placement Techiques,. in Vascular Access in Clinical Practice,.
• Fox, K. A., Patton, D. D., Sarfati, M. R., & Carter, W. B. (1997).

  Preoperative detection of sporadic parathyroid adenomas using technetium-99m-sestamibi: what role in clinical practice?

  . American Surgeon.
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  Preoperative localization of pathologic parathyroid glands remains controversial. Because experienced parathyroid surgeons can identify and cure parathyroid pathology in sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism in better than 95 per cent of first-time explorations, few consider preoperative localization studies cost effective in this population. However, the primary reason for failure at the initial exploration is the inability of the surgeon to identify an adenoma in a normal anatomical location. Recent reports have indicated that operative time can be reduced and initial success improved with preoperative localization of adenomas using the highly sensitive technetium-99m (Tc)-sestamibi scan. We evaluated 16 consecutive patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism using a double-phase Tc-sestamibi scan with delayed images, hypothesizing that 90 per cent of adenomas would be accurately detected, and furthermore that a negative scan would predict multigland disease. Of the 16 scans, 13 showed a focal delayed washout of the tracer, constituting a positive scan. Eleven of 13 were true positive (85%), with two false positive scans (15%), both of which also had nodular thyroid disease. The three negative scans were indeed hyperplastic multigland disease, determined at exploration. The mean operative time for a bilateral exploration for the true positive cases was 109 minutes, compared to 148 minutes for a small cohort group without imaging (not significant). In conclusion, 85 per cent of adenomas can be successfully localized with the Tc-sestamibi delayed-image technique, and may decrease operative time. Additionally, a negative scan is a likely predictor of multigland disease, which allows for improved preoperative patient education and preparation for cryopreservation. These data suggest that preoperative Tc-sestamibi scanning may improve the success rate for the occasional parathyroid surgeon, and that an extended prospective trial is warranted.
• Fox, K. A., McDonagh, P. F., Reimer, P. R., Wilson, D., Copeland, J. G., & Manciet, L. H. (1995).

  Left Ventricular Function After Extended Hypothermic Preservation of the Heart Is Dependent on Functional Coronary Capillarity

  . Circulation, 92(9), 372-380. doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.9.372
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  Background A growing body of knowledge has led to the hypothesis that injury to the microcirculation during hypothermic myocardial preservation may result in decreased contractility of hearts upon reperfusion. Methods and Results To test this hypothesis, we examined the relationship between no-reflow and left ventricular function after hypothermic cardiac preservation after reperfusion with solutions containing dilute whole blood (DWB) or washed red blood cells (K2RBC). Rat hearts were arrested with high-potassium cardioplegia, then flushed and stored for 6 hours in low-potassium cardioplegia at 4°C. Hearts were reperfused at a constant flow rate (4 mL/min) with K2RBC for 60 minutes (group 1, n=5) or DWB for 7 minutes followed by 53 minutes of K2RBC (group 2, n=5). Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was measured with an intraventricular balloon. Immediately after functional assessment, hearts were perfused with an india ink solution to mark flow, then glutaraldehyde. Morphometric techniques were used to determine the degree of capillary compression [Δd̄(c)], perfused capillary number per fiber area [Q A (0) P ], and perfused capillary surface area per fiber volume [S V (c,f) P ]. Capillaries were moderately compressed in both groups after reperfusion (group 1, 19±1%; group 2, 20±1%). Q A (0) P and S V (c,f) P were highly correlated with Δd̄(c) in hearts reperfused with K2RBC ( r =.92 and r =.92; P
• Fox, K. A., Warneke, J., Rappaport, W. D., Hunter, G. C., Brooks, M. E., Sarfati, M. R., & Mularski, R. A. (1995).

  Aspiration pneumonia following surgically placed feeding tubes

  . American Journal of Surgery. doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(99)80016-6
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  The enteral route is preferred in surgical patients requiring nutritional support; however, controversy surrounds the choice of location of feeding tube placement. Although jejunostomy has been commonly accepted as superior to gastrostomy for long-term nutritional support because of an assumed lower risk of aspiration pneumonia, recent studies suggest that reevaluation of common practices of surgical tube placement is warranted.We conducted a retrospective chart review of gastrostomy and jejunostomy procedures from 1986 to 1993. Demographic information and complications related to the procedure were reviewed. Aspiration pneumonia was defined as respiratory symptoms, leukocytosis, and infiltrate on chest radiograph.Sixty-nine gastrostomies and 86 jejunostomies were performed during the study period. Six patients were diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia; 2 cases of which occurred with jejunostomy and 4 cases occurred with gastrostomy (P = not significant).There was no difference in rates of pulmonary aspiration or other complications between gastrostomy and jejunostomy. We suggest that when a surgically placed feeding tube is required, the determination of appropriate procedure be based on clinical factors such as the technical difficulty of the operation or long-term feeding goals.
• Fox, K. A., Warneke, J., Rappaport, W. D., Hunter, G. C., Fajardo, L. L., & Sarfati, M. R. (1994).

  Stereotactic fine-needle aspiration cytology of nonpalpable breast lesions: An analysis of 258 consecutive aspirates

  . American Journal of Surgery. doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(05)80116-3
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  The role of stereotactic fine-needle aspiration cytology (SFNAC) in the diagnosis of nonpalpable breast lesions is poorly defined.Data were prospectively collected from 225 consecutive patients with nonpalpable breast lesions who had aspiration cytology followed by immediate surgical excision.Between 1988 and 1993, 258 such procedures were performed. The results of 84 (33%) were interpreted as benign, 84 (33%) as atypical, 28 (11%) as suspicious for malignancy, and 49 (19%) as malignant. In all, 88 (34%) surgical specimens were malignant. SFNAC had an 80% sensitivity, a 96% specificity, a 91% positive predictive value, and an 89% negative predictive value. There were 18 false-negative and 7 false-positive aspirates.SFNAC for diagnosing nonpalpable breast lesions is moderately sensitive and highly specific, and has a high positive and negative predictive value. In conjunction with mammography and clinical assessment, the procedure is useful for determining which patients with nonpalpable breast lesions may require surgical biopsy.

Presentations

• Suri, Y., Kim, M., Saha, S., Joseph, B. A., Fox, K., & Anand, T. (2024, February). The Implementation and Evaluation of a Surgical Learning Module and the Near-Peer Learning Model. Academic Surgical Congress. Washington, DC: Association for Academic Surgery.
• Fox, K. (2022, April). Perfusion Sciences 672, Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Single Ventricle Physiology. University of Arizona College of Medicine. Tucson, AZ.
• Fox, K. (2022, February). Perfusion Sciences 672, Atrial Septal Defects, Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrioventricular Septal Defects,. University of Arizona College of Medicine.
• Fox, K. (2022, January). Life as a Cardiac Surgeon,. University of Arizona Physiology Club. Tucson, AZ.
• Fox, K. (2022, June). Banner University Medical Center Artificial Heart Lab, Single Ventricle Anatomy and Physiology. University of Arizona College of Medicine.
• Fox, K. (2022, November). Congenital Heart Defect Families of Tucson Family Connect 2022,. Tucson, AZ.
• Fox, K. (2021, April). Perfusion Sciences 672. Adult Congenital Heart Disease. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2021, April). Perfusion Sciences 672. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Single Ventricle Physiology. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2021, February). Perfusion Sciences 672. Atrial Septal Defects, Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrioventricular Septal Defects. University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K., & Seckeler, M. (2021, September). Congenital Heart Disease - Acyanotic Lesions. University of Arizona Pediatric Residency Lecture Series, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K., & Seckeler, M. (2021, September). Congenital Heart Disease - Cyanotic Lesions. University of Arizona Pediatric Residency Lecture Series, Tucson, Arizona.
• Yrun-Duffy, M., Strah, D., Fox, K., Klewer, S. E., & Seckeler, M. (2022, May). An unusual congenital aorto-pulmonary shunt in tetralogy of Fallot: Anomalous left innominate artery off the pulmonary artery. The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions 2022 Scientific Sessions. Atlanta, GA.
• Fox, K. (2020, February). Perfusion Sciences 672. Atrial Septal Defects, Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrioventricular Septal Defects. University of Arizona College of Medicine Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2019, April). Perfusion Sciences 672 . Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Single Ventricle Physiology. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2019, February). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Surgery Clerkship Lecture Series. University of Arizona College of Medicine.
• Fox, K. (2019, February). Perfusion Sciences 672. Atrial Septal Defects, Ventricular Septal Defects and Atrioventricular Septal Defects. University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2019, July). Surgical Considerations for PICU Nurses. PICU Nursing Education Day. Banner University Medical Center - Tucson/University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2019, May). Congenital Heart Defect Families. Tucson Family Connect. Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2019, September). Neonatal Management of Single Ventricle and Prostaglandin Dependent Lesions. NICU Practitioner Didactic Sessions. Banner University Medical Center - Tucson/University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2018, April). Perfusion Sciences 672. Adult Congenital Heart Disease. University of Arizona College of Medicine: Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2018, April). Perfusion Sciences 672. Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome and Single Ventricle Physiology. University of Arizona College of Medicine: Tucson, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (2018, July). Neonatal Cardiac Surgery . Cardiothoracic Surgery Conference. University of Arizona College of Medicine.
• Fox, K. (2015, December). Pharmacology of the Cardiac Operating Room. Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Dell Children's Medical Center.
• Fox, K. (2013, December). Cardiopulmonary Bypass for PICU Nurses,. Dell Children's Medical Center ( repeating every 4-6 months). Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2013, February). Early Surgical Intervention for Critical Congenital Heart Disease. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference VI. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2013, May). Surgical Management  of patent Ductus Arteriosus. Ductus Arteriosus Management Conference. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2013, November). How to Fix a Broken Heart. Barton Creek Elementary School Science Day.
• Fox, K. (2012, April). Pharmacology of the Cardiac Operating Room . Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2012, February). Surgical Care of the Sick Heart,. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference V. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2012, January). How  to Fix a Broken Heart. Barton Creek Elementary School Science Day.
• Fox, K. (2011, April). Congenital Heart Disease. HeartGift Advisory Board Meeting. Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2011, February). Transposition of the Great Arteries. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference IV. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2010, February). ASD and VSD Repair. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference III. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2010, February). Cerebral Protection and Outcome Post-Cardiopulmonary Bypass:Brain Perfusion / NIRS Monitoring. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference III. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2009, December). How to Fix a Broken Heart,. Barton Creek Elementary School Science Day.
• Fox, K. (2009, February). Tetralogy of Fallot and its Variants: Surgical Perspective. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference II. Dell Children's Medical Center. Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2009, January). Career in Medicine and Surgery. West Ridge Middle School Career Day. Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K., & Gammon, R. (2008, December). How to Fix a Broken Heart. Barton Creek Elementary School Science Day.
• Fox, K. (2007, December). Cardiopulmonary Bypass and Care of the Post-Surgical Patient. Pediatric Cardiac Care Conference. Dell Children's Medical Center: Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2006, June). Congenital Chest Wall Deformities. Association of Surgical Technologists. Texas State Assembly.
• Fox, K. (2005, November). Neonatal Heart Surgery in the Era of Early Primary Repair. Neonatal Grand Rounds. Seton Medical Center, Austin, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2005, September). Tetralogy of Fallot: The Evolution of Congenital Cardiac Surgery. Department of Pediatrics Grand Rounds. Scott and White Memorial Hospital, Temple, Texas.
• Fox, K. (2004, August). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 2 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2004, July). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 1 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2004, October). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 3 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2004, October). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 4 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2003, February). Featured Speaker and Award Presenter. The Blood and Tissue Center of Central Texas Donor Recognition Dinner.
• Fox, K. (2003, February). HeartGift Followup. Trinity Episcopal School Assembly.
• Fox, K. (2003, June). Chest Wall Deformities. PICU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2003, June). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 2 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2003, June). Review of Congenital Heart Surgery and HeartGift. Association of Surgical Technologists. Texas State Assembly.
• Fox, K. (2003, May). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 1 in a Series PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2003, October). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Part 3 in a Series, PANDA and PACU. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K., & Metcalf, S. (2003, October). HeartGift. St. Andrew's Episcopal School Assembly.
• Fox, K., Wright, K., & Metcalf, S. (2003, January). HeartGift and Congenital Heart Surgery. Trinity Episcopal School Assembly.
• Fox, K. (2002, June). Congenital Heart Disease in Sixty Minutes or Less. Nurse Internship Course. Children's Hospital of Austin.
• Fox, K. (2002, November). Multidisciplinary Panel Discussion of Ethical Issues Concerning Children with Heart Disease from Medical, Legal and Spiritual Perspectives, Panel member. Caring for Young Hearts Fourth Annual Conference.
• Fox, K. (2002, November). New Techniques in Congenital Heart Surgery: Moving Towards a safer Operating Room. Caring for Young Hearts Fourth Annual Conference.
• Fox, K. (2002, November). Tetralogy of Fallot: The Evolution of Congenital Heart Surgery. Caring for Young Hearts Fourth Annual Conference.
• Fox, K., & Shapiro, R. (2002, February). Topics in Congenital Heart Disease. Seton Hospital Network Respiratory Therapy Continuing Education Series ( cycle repeats every 3-6 months).
• Fox, K. (2001, November). Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Caring For Young Hearts Third Annual Conference.
• Fox, K. (2001, November). Multidisciplinary Panel Discussion of Ethical Issues Concerning Children with Heart Disease from Medical, Legal and Spiritual Perspectives, Panel member. Caring for Young Hearts Third Annual Conference.
• Fox, K. (2000, March). Coagulation Issues in Thoracic Surgery. University of Michigan Thoracic Surgery Didactic Sessions.
• Fox, K. (2000, October). Atrial Septal Defects, Ventricular Septal Defects, Double Outlet Right Ventricle and Patent Ductus Arteriosus. University of Michigan Thoracic Surgery Didactic Sessions.
• Fox, K., & Rocchini, A. (2000, October). Tetralogy of Fallot. University of Michigan Medical School Second Year Lecture Series.
• Fox, K. (1999, January). Congenital Deformities of the Chest. University of Michigan Thoracic Surgery Didactic Sessions.
• Fox, K. (1998, May). Surgical Emergencies of the Chest. University of Arizona Surgical Grand Rounds.
• Fox, K. (1997, October). Coagulation Topics in Vascular Surgery. Vascular Surgery Grand Rounds.
• Fox, K. (1995, April). University Heart Center Carefree Friends. Research Update.
• Fox, K. (1995, February).  Featured Young Investigator

  University Heart Center Valentine's Day Heart Forum. Research Update.

• Fox, K. (1995, January). Coagulation for Surgeons. University of Arizona Surgical Grand Rounds Series.
• Fox, K. (1995, March). University Heart Center Friends from Green Valley. Research Update.
• Fox, K. (1995, May). Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Surgery. University of Arizona Surgical Grand Rounds.
• Fox, K., & McDonagh, P. (1995, May). University Heart Center Guest Tour. Research Update.
• Fox, K. (1994, February). The Conduction System of the Heart and Electrocardiography. Physiology 480/580, Physiological Sciences. University of Arizona.
• Fox, K. (1994, May). Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome. University of Arizona Surgical Grand Rounds Series.
• Fox, K. (1994, October). University Heart Center Informational Gathering. Research Update. Paradise Valley, Arizona.
• Fox, K. (1994, September). University Heart Center Potential Trustee Tour. Research Update.
• Fox, K., & Manciet, L. (1994, December). Left Ventricular Function After Extended Hypothermic Preservation of the Heart Dependent upon Functional Coronary Capillarity, . University Heart Center Monthly Scientific Conference.
• Fox, K. (1993, July). Suture Technique Laboratory and Wound Healing,. Surgical Clerkship Lecture Series (cycle repeated every six weeks), July 1993 - June 1998.