Christopher W Hamilton

Interests

Teaching

Geological Remote SensingPlanetary Surface ProcessesPlanetary HabitabilityVolcanology

Research

VolcanologyPlanetary Surface ProcessesMachine LearningRobotics

Courses

Scholarly Contributions

Journals/Publications

• Nerozzi, S., Christoffersen, M. S., Holt, J. W., & Hamilton, C. W. (2023). Evidence of Widespread Volcanic Activity near Hebrus Valles on Mars Revealed by SHARAD. Remote Sensing, 15(20), 4967.
• Voigt, J., Hamilton, C., Steinbr{\"ugge}, G., Christoffersen, M., Nerozzi, S., Kerber, L., Holt, J., & Carter, L. (2023). Revealing Elysium Planitia's Young Geologic History: Constraints on Lava Emplacement, Areas, and Volumes. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), 128(12), e2023JE007947.
• Duhamel, S., Hamilton, C. W., P{\'alsson}, S., & Bj{\"ornsd\'ottir}, S. H. (2022). Microbial Response to Increased Temperatures Within a Lava-Induced Hydrothermal System in Iceland: An Analogue for the Habitability of Volcanic Terrains on Mars. Astrobiology, 22(10), 1176-1198.
• Pedersen, G. B., Belart, J. M., {\'Oskarsson}, B. V., Gudmundsson, M. T., Gies, N., H{\"ognad\'ottir}, T., Hjartard{\'ottir}, \. R., Pinel, V., Berthier, E., D{\"urig}, T., Reynolds, H. I., Hamilton, C. W., Valsson, G., Einarsson, P., Ben-Yehosua, D., Gunnarsson, A., & Oddsson, B. (2022). Volume, Effusion Rate, and Lava Transport During the 2021 Fagradalsfjall Eruption: Results From Near Real-Time Photogrammetric Monitoring. \grl, 49(13), e97125.
• Stadermann, A. C., Jolliff, B. L., Krawczynski, M. J., Hamilton, C. W., & Barnes, J. J. (2022). Analysis and experimental investigation of Apollo sample 12032,366-18, a chemically evolved basalt from the Moon. \maps, 57(4), 794-816.
• Sutton, S. S., Hamilton, C. W., Cataldo, V., Williams, D. A., & Bleacher, J. E. (2022). Sinuous channels east of Olympus Mons, Mars: Implications for volcanic, hydrological, and tectonic processes. \icarus, 374, 114798.
• Hamilton, C. W., & Duhamel, S. (2021). How microbes in Iceland can teach us about possible life on Mars?. Futurum Careers, 7, 22 – 25. doi:10.33424/FUTURUM112
• Horvath, D. G., Moitra, P., Hamilton, C. W., Craddock, R. A., & Andrews-Hanna, J. C. (2021). Evidence for geologically recent explosive volcanism in Elysium Planitia, Mars. \icarus, 365, 114499.
• Lev, E., Hamilton, C. W., Voigt, J. R., Stadermann, A. C., Zhan, Y., & Neish, C. D. (2021). Emplacement conditions of lunar impact melt flows. \icarus, 369, 114578.
• Schaefer, E., Hamilton, C., Neish, C., Sori, M., Bramson, A., & Beard, S. (2021). Reexamining the Potential to Classify Lava Flows From the Fractality of Their Margins. Journal of Geophysical Research (Solid Earth), 126(5), e20949.
• Voigt, J. R., Hamilton, C. W., Scheidt, S. P., M{\"unzer}, U., H{\"oskuldsson}, \., J{\'onsdottir}, I., & Thordarson, T. (2021). Geomorphological characterization of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun lava flow-field in Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 419, 107278.
• Voigt, J. R., Hamilton, C. W., Steinbr{\"ugge}, G., & Scheidt, S. P. (2021). Surface roughness characterization of the 2014-2015 Holuhraun lava flow-field in Iceland: implications for facies mapping and remote sensing. Bulletin of Volcanology, 83(12), 82.
• Aleinov, I., Way, M. J., Hamilton, C. W., & Head, J. W. (2020). Lunar Near-Surface Volatile Sample Return. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2009.04691.
• Hamilton, C. W., Scheidt, S. P., Sori, M. M., Wet, A. P., Bleacher, J. E., Mouginis-Mark, P. J., Self, S., Zimbelman, J. R., Garry, W. B., Whelley, P. L., & Crumpler, L. S. (2020). Lava-Rise Plateaus and Inflation Pits in the McCartys Lava Flow Field, New Mexico: An Analog for P\={a}hoehoe-Like Lava Flows on Planetary Surfaces. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), 125(7), e05975.
• Horvath, D. G., Moitra, P., Hamilton, C. W., Craddock, R. A., & Andrews-Hanna, J. C. (2020). Evidence for geologically recent explosive volcanism in Elysium Planitia, Mars. arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2011.05956.
• Steinbr{\"ugge}, G., Voigt, J., Wolfenbarger, N., Hamilton, C., Soderlund, K., Young, D., Blankenship, D., Vance, S., & Schroeder, D. (2020). Brine Migration and Impact-Induced Cryovolcanism on Europa. \grl, 47(21), e90797.
• Steinbrügge, G., Voigt, J., Schroeder, D. M., Stark, A., Haynes, M. S., Scanlan, K. M., Hamilton, C. W., Young, D. A., Hussmann, H., Grima, C., & Blankenship, D. D. (2020). The surface roughness of Europa derived from Galileo stereo images. Icarus, 343, 113669.
• Bonnefoy, L., Hamilton, C., Scheidt, S., Duhamel, S., H{\"oskuldsson}, \., J{\'onsdottir}, I., Thordarson, T., & M{\"unzer}, U. (2019). Landscape evolution associated with the 2014-2015 Holuhraun eruption in Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 387, 106652.
• Hamilton, C. W. (2019). “Fill and spill” lava flow emplacement: Implications for understanding planetary flood basalt eruptions.. In: NF Six and G Karr (Eds.), NASA Technical Memorandum: Marshall Space Flight Center Faculty Fellowship Program, NASA/TM0-2019-220139, M-1490(M19-7746), 47–56.
• Morrison, A. A., Zanetti, M., Hamilton, C. W., Lev, E., Neish, C. D., & Whittington, A. G. (2019). Rheological investigation of lunar highland and mare impact melt simulants. Icarus, 317, 307 - 323.
• Hamilton, C. W., Byrne, S., Barnard, K. J., Rodriguez, J. J., Morrison, C. T., Palafox, L. F., & Savage, R. (2018). A Bayesian Approach to Sub-Kilometer Crater Shape Analysis using Individual HiRISE Images. Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.
• Hamilton, C. W., Mouginis-Mark, P. J., Sori, M. M., Scheidt, S. P., & Bramson, A. M. (2018). Episodes of aqueous flooding and volcanism associated with Hrad Vallis, Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets.
• Hamilton, C., Mouginis-Mark, P., Sori, M., Scheidt, S., & Bramson, A. (2018). Episodes of Aqueous Flooding and Effusive Volcanism Associated With Hrad Vallis, Mars. Journal of Geophysical Research (Planets), 123, 1484-1510.
• Savage, R., Palafox, L. F., Morrison, C. T., Rodriguez, J. J., Barnard, K. J., Byrne, S., & Hamilton, C. W. (2018). A Bayesian Approach to Sub-Kilometer Crater Shape Analysis using Individual HiRISE Images. IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, PP(99), 1-11. doi:10.1109/TGRS.2018.2825608
• Stadermann, A. C., Zanetti, M. R., Jolliff, B. L., Hiesinger, H., van der Bogert, C. H., & Hamilton, C. W. (2018). The age of lunar mare basalts south of the Aristarchus Plateau and effects of secondary craters formed by the Aristarchus event. Icarus. Icarus, 309, 45–60. doi:doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.02.030
• Stadermann, A., Jolliff, B., Krawczynski, M., & Hamilton, C. (2018). Experimental Investigation of Fractionation During Solidification of an Incompatible-Element-Rich Lunar Basalt from Apollo 12. LPI Contributions, 2067, 6271.
• Voigt, J. R., & Hamilton, C. W. (2018). Investigating the volcanic versus aqueous origin of the surficial deposits in Eastern Elysium Planitia, Mars.. Icarus, 309, 389–410. doi:doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2018.03.009.
• Bleacher, J. E., Orr, T. R., Zimbleman, J. R., Hamilton, C. W., Crumpler, L. S., & Williams, D. A. (2017). Plateaus and sinuous ridges as the fingerprints of lava flow inflation in the Eastern Tharsis Plains of Mars. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research. doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.03.025
• Fitch, E. P., Fagents, S. A., Thordarson, T., & Hamilton, C. W. (2017). Fragmentation mechanisms associated with explosive lava–water interactions in a lacustrine environment. Bulletin of Volcanology, 79(12). doi:10.1007/s00445-016-1087-3
• Hamilton, C. W., Fitch, E. P., Fagents, S. A., & Thordarson, T. (2017). Rootless tephra stratigraphy and emplacement processes. Bulletin of Volcanology, 79(11). doi:10.1007/s00445-016-1086-4
• Marcucci, E. C., Hamilton, C. W., & Herrick, R. R. (2017). Remote sensing evidence of lava–ground ice interactions associated with the Lost Jim Lava Flow, Seward Peninsula, Alaska. Bulletin of Volcanology, 79(89). doi:doi:10.1007/s00445-017-1176-y. 23.
• Neish, C. D., Hamilton, C. W., Hughes, S. S., Nawotniak, S. K., Garry, W. B., Skok, J. R., Elphic, R. C., Schaefer, E., Carter, L. M., Bandfield, J. L., Osinski, G. R., Lim, D., & Heldmann, J. L. (2017). Terrestrial analogues for lunar impact melt flows. Icarus, 281(1), 73–89. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.08.008
• Palafox, L. F., Hamilton, C. W., Scheidt, S. P., & Alvarez, A. M. (2017). Automated detection of geologic landforms on Mars using Convolutional Neural Networks. Computers and Geosciences, 101, 48–56. doi:10.1016/j.cageo.2016.12.015
• Sori, M. M., Byrne, S., Bland, M. T., Bramson, A. M., Ermakov, A. I., Hamilton, C. W., Otto, K. A., Ruesch, O., & Russell, C. T. (2017). The vanishing cryovolcanoes of Ceres. Geophysical Research Letters, 44(3), 1243–1250. doi:10.1002/2016GL072319
• Whelley, P. L., Garry, W. B., Hamilton, C. W., & Bleacher, J. E. (2017). LiDAR-derived surface roughness signatures of basaltic lava flow textures at the Muliwai a Pele lava channel, Hawaii.. Bulletin of Volcanology, 79(75). doi:doi:10.1007/s00445-017-1161-5
• Sori, M. M., Byrne, S., Hamilton, C. W., & Landis, M. E. (2016). Viscous flow rates of icy topography on the north polar layered deposits of Mars. Geophysical Research Letters, 43(2), 541–549. doi:10.1002/2015GL067298
• Baker, V. R., Hamilton, C. W., Burr, D. M., Gulick, V., Komatsu, G., Luo, W., Rice, J. W., & Rodriguez, J. A. (2015). Fluvial geomorphology on Earth-like planetary surfaces: a review. Geomorphology, 245, 149–182. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.05.002
• Hamilton, C. W. (2015). Team gets firsthand look at the new Holuhraun eruption site. Eos, 96. doi:10.1029/2015EO041197
• Keske, A. L., Hamilton, C. W., McEwen, A. S., & Daubar, I. J. (2015). Episodes of fluvial and volcanic activity in Mangala Valles, Mars. Icarus, 245, 333-347. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2014.09.040
• Morrison, A. A., Zanetti, M. R., Hamilton, C. W., Lev, E., & Whittington, A. G. (2018). Rheological investigation of lunar highland and mare impact melt simulants. Icarus.
• Tyler, R. H., Henning, W. G., & Hamilton, C. W. (2015). Tidal heating in a magma ocean on Jupiter's moon Io. The Astrophysical Journal, 218(2), 17pp.. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/218/2/22
• Fink, W., Baker, V. R., Hamilton, C. W., Schulze-Makuch, D., & Tarbell, M. A. (2015). Autonomous exploration of planetary lava tubes using a multi-rover framework. IEEE Aerospace. doi:10.1109/AERO.2015.7119315
• Hamilton, C., Beggan, C., Still, S., Beuthe, M., Lopes, R., Williams, D., Radebaugh, J., & Wright, W. (2013). Spatial distribution of volcanoes on Io: Implications for tidal heating and magma ascent. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 361, 272-286.
• Boyce, J., Wilson, L., Mouginis-Mark, P., Hamilton, C., & Tornabene, L. (2012). Origin of small pits in martian impact craters. Icarus, 221(1), 262-275.
• Tornabene, L. L., Osinski, G. R., McEwen, A. S., Boyce, J. M., Bray, V. J., Caudill, C. M., Grant, J. A., Hamilton, C. W., Mattson, S., & Mouginis-Mark, P. J. (2012). Widespread crater-related pitted materials on Mars: Further evidence for the role of target volatiles during the impact process. Icarus, 220(2), 348-368.
• Hamilton, C. W., Fagents, S. A., & Thordarson, T. (2011). Lava-ground ice interactions in Elysium Planitia, Mars: Geomorphological and geospatial analysis of the Tartarus Colles cone groups. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 116.
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  The western Tartarus Colles cone groups are located on Mars between northeastern Elysium Planitia and southern Arcadia Planitia (25 degrees N-27 degrees N and 170 degrees E-171 degrees E). This region contains > 40,000 cratered cones covering a total area > 2000 km(2). These landforms have been interpreted as volcanic rootless constructs (VRCs) that were produced by explosive lava-water interactions similar to 75-250 Ma ago. To better constrain their paleoenvironmental significance, we develop photogeological maps, morphological descriptions, lava thickness estimates, and statistical nearest neighbor (NN) analyses. The VRC-hosting Tartarus Colles lava flow exhibits bimodal thicknesses of 25-30 m and 55-60 m, whereas lava thickness associated with rootless eruption sites are unimodal, with a mean of 58 +/- 8 m at 1 standard deviation (sigma). Rootless eruption sites occur in 36 continuous domains with > 10 rootless eruption sites per square kilometer and population sizes (N) > 30. Renormalized Poisson NN analyses show that rootless eruption sites in 26 of 31 domains with N < 3000 are randomly distributed within 2 sigma confidence limits, whereas four of five domains with N > 3000 exhibit statistically significant clustering beyond 2 sigma. Regional clustering of rootless eruption sites in similar to 60 m thick lava is interpreted to be the result of a minimum lava thickness threshold required to volatilize ground ice and generate rootless eruptions before the lava core solidifies. Ground ice continued to melt after VRC formation and formed pitted terrains through thermokarstification. Widespread VRCs and pitted terrains in the Tartarus Colles region imply the presence of a major fossil hydrothermal system that was generated by lava-ground ice interactions during the late to middle Amazonian.
• Beggan, C., & Hamilton, C. W. (2010). New image processing software for analyzing object size-frequency distributions, geometry, orientation, and spatial distribution. COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES, 36(4), 539-549.
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  Geological Image Analysis Software (GIAS) combines basic tools for calculating object area, abundance, radius, perimeter, eccentricity, orientation, and centroid location, with the first automated method for characterizing the aerial distribution of objects using sample-size-dependent nearest neighbor (NN) statistics. The NN analyses include tests for (1) Poisson, (2) Normalized Poisson, (3) Scavenged k=1, and (4) Scavenged k=2 NN distributions. GIAS is implemented in MATLAB with a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that is available as pre-parsed pseudocode for use with MATLAB, or as a stand-alone application that runs on Windows and Unix systems. GIAS can process raster data (e.g., satellite imagery, photomicrographs, etc.) and tables of object coordinates to characterize the size, geometry, orientation, and spatial organization of a wide range of geological features. This information expedites quantitative measurements of 20 object properties, provides criteria for validating the use of stereology to transform 2D object sections into 3D models, and establishes a standardized NN methodology that can be used to compare the results of different geospatial studies and identify objects using non-morphological parameters. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
• Hamilton, C. W., Fagents, S. A., & Thordarson, T. (2010). Explosive lava-water interactions II: self-organization processes among volcanic rootless eruption sites in the 1783-1784 Laki lava flow, Iceland. BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY, 72(4), 469-485.
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  We have applied quantitative geospatial analyses to rootless eruption sites in the HnA(0)ta and Hrossatungur groups of the 1783-1784 Laki lava flow to establish how patterns of spatial distribution can be used to obtain information about rootless cone emplacement processes and paleo-environments. This study utilizes sample-size-dependent nearest neighbor (NN) statistics and Voronoi tessellations to quantify the spatial distribution of rootless eruption sites and validate the use of statistical NN analysis as a remote sensing tool. Our results show that rootless eruption sites cluster in environments with abundant lava and water resources, but competition for limited groundwater in these clusters can cause rootless eruption sites to develop repelled distributions. This pattern of self-organization can be interpreted within the context of resource availability and depletion. Topography tends to concentrate lava (fuel) and water (coolant) within topographic lows, thereby promoting explosive lava-water interactions in these regions. Given an excess supply of lava within broad sheet lobes, rootless eruption sites withdraw groundwater from their surroundings until there is insufficient water to maintain analogs to explosive molten fuel-coolant interactions. Rootless eruption sites may be modeled as a network of water extraction wells that draw down the water table in their vicinity. Rootless eruptions at locations with insufficient groundwater may either fail to initiate or terminate before explosive activity has ceased at nearby locations with a greater supply of water, thus imparting a repelled distribution to observed rootless eruption sites.
• Hamilton, C. W., Fagents, S. A., & Wilson, L. (2010). Explosive lava-water interactions in Elysium Planitia, Mars: Geologic and thermodynamic constraints on the formation of the Tartarus Colles cone groups. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 115.
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  Volcanic rootless constructs (VRCs) are the products of explosive lava-water interactions. VRCs are significant because they imply the presence of active lava and an underlying aqueous phase (e.g., groundwater or ice) at the time of their formation. Combined mapping of VRC locations, age-dating of their host lava surfaces, and thermodynamic modeling of lava-substrate interactions can therefore constrain where and when water has been present in volcanic regions. This information is valuable for identifying fossil hydrothermal systems and determining relationships between climate, near-surface water abundance, and the potential development of habitable niches on Mars. We examined the western Tartarus Colles region (25-27 degrees N, 170-171 degrees E) in northeastern Elysium Planitia, Mars, and identified 167 VRC groups with a total area of similar to 2000 km(2). These VRCs preferentially occur where lava is similar to 60 m thick. Crater size-frequency relationships suggest the VRCs formed during the late to middle Amazonian. Modeling results suggest that at the time of VRC formation, near-surface substrate was partially desiccated, but that the depth to the midlatitude ice table was less than or similar to 42 m. This ground ice stability zone is consistent with climate models that predict intermediate obliquity (similar to 35 degrees) between 75 and 250 Ma, with obliquity excursions descending to similar to 25-32 degrees. For lava thicknesses ranging from 30 to 60 m and ground ice fractions ranging from 0.1 to 0.3, an ice volume of similar to 4-23 km(3) could have been melted and/or vaporized by the time the lava solidified, and the associated hydrothermal systems could have retained temperatures >273 K for up to similar to 1300 years.
• Hamilton, C. W., Thordarson, T., & Fagents, S. A. (2010). Explosive lava-water interactions I: architecture and emplacement chronology of volcanic rootless cone groups in the 1783-1784 Laki lava flow, Iceland. BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY, 72(4), 449-467.
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  To determine the relationships between rootless cone emplacement mechanisms, morphology, and spatial distribution, we mapped the HnA(0)ta and Hrossatungur groups of the 1783-1784 Laki lava flow in Iceland. We based our facies maps on Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) measurements, photogeological interpretations, and supporting field observations. The study area covers 2.77 km(2) and includes 2216 explosion sites. To establish the timing of rootless cone formation we incorporated tephrochronological constraints from eighty-eight stratigraphic sections and determined that the HnA(0)ta and Hrossatungur groups are composite structures formed by the emplacement of six geographically and chronologically discrete domains. Rootless eruptions initiated in domain 1 on the first day of the Laki eruption (June 8, 1783) and lasted 1-2 days. The second episode of rootless activity began in domain 2 on June 11 and lasted 1-3 days. The four domains of the Hrossatungur group dominantly formed after June 14 and exhibit a complex emplacement sequence that reflects interactions between the Laki lava, contemporaneously emplaced rootless cones, and an existing topographic ridge. In the study area, we identify three distinct rootless cone archetypes (i.e., recurring morphological forms) that are related to tube-, channel-, and broad sheet lobe-fed eruptions. We assert that emplacement of lava above compressible substrates (e.g., unconsolidated sediments) may trigger rootless eruptions by causing subsidence-induced flexure and failure of the basal crust, thereby allowing molten lava (fuel) to come into direct contact with groundwater (coolant) and initiating analogs to explosive molten fuel-coolant interactions (MFCIs).
• Harris, A. J., Favalli, M., Mazzarini, F., & Hamilton, C. W. (2009). Construction dynamics of a lava channel. BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY, 71(4), 459-474.
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  We use a kinematic GPS and laser range finder survey of a 200 m-long section of the Muliwai a Pele lava channel (Mauna Ulu, Kilauea) to examine the construction processes and flow dynamics responsible for the channel-levee structure. The levees comprise three packages. The basal package comprises an 80-150 m wide 'a'a flow in which a similar to 2 m deep and similar to 11 m wide channel became centred. This is capped by a second package of thin (< 45 cm thick) sheets of pahoehoe extending no more than 50 m from the channel. The upper-most package comprises localised 'a'a overflows. The channel itself contains two blockages located 130 m apart and composed of levee chunks veneered with overflow lava. The channel was emplaced over 50 h, spanning 30 May-2 June, 1974, with the flow front arriving at our section (4.4 km from the vent) 8 h after the eruption began. The basal 'a'a flow thickness yields effusion rates of 35 m(3) s(-1) for the opening phase, with the initial flow advancing across the mapped section at similar to 10 m/min. Short-lived overflows of fluid pahoehoe then built the levee cap, increasing the apparent channel depth to 4.8 m. There were at least six pulses at 90-420 m(3) s(-1), causing overflow of limited extent lasting no more than 5 min. Brim-full flow conditions were thus extremely short-lived. During a dominant period of below-bank flow, flow depth was similar to 2 m with an effusion rate of similar to 35 m(3) s(-1), consistent with the mean output rate (obtained from the total flow bulk volume) of 23-54 m(3) s(-1). During pulses, levee chunks were plucked and floated down channel to form blockages. In a final low effusion rate phase, lava ponded behind the lower blockage to form a syn-channel pond that fed 'a'a overflow. After the end of the eruption the roofed-over pond continued to drain through the lower blockage, causing the roof to founder. Drainage emplaced inflated flows on the channel floor below the lower blockage for a further similar to 10 h. The complex processes involved in levee-channel construction of this short-lived case show that care must be taken when using channel dimensions to infer flow dynamics. In our case, the full channel depth is not exposed. Instead the channel floor morphology reflects late stage pond filling and drainage rather than true channel-contained flow. Components of the compound levee relate to different flow regimes operating at different times during the eruption and associated with different effusion rates, flow dynamics and time scales. For example, although high effusion rate, brim-full flow was maintained for a small fraction of the channel lifetime, it emplaced a pile of pahoehoe overflow units that account for 60% of the total levee height. We show how time-varying volume flux is an important parameter in controlling channel construction dynamics. Because the complex history of lava delivery to a channel system is recorded by the final channel morphology, time-varying flow dynamics can be determined from the channel morphology. Developing methods for quantifying detailed flux histories for effusive events from the evidence in outcrop is therefore highly valuable. We here achieve this by using high-resolution spatial data for a channel system at Kilauea. This study not only indicates those physical and dynamic characteristics that are typical for basaltic lava flows on Hawaiian volcanoes, but also a methodology that can be widely applied to effusive basaltic eruptions.
• Harris, A. J., Dehn, J., James, M. R., Hamilton, C., Herd, R., Lodato, L., & Steffke, A. (2007). Pahoehoe flow cooling, discharge, and coverage rates from thermal image chronometry. GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, 34(19).
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  [1] Theoretically- and empirically-derived cooling rates for active pahoehoe lava flows show that surface cooling is controlled by conductive heat loss through a crust that is thickening with the square root of time. The model is based on a linear relationship that links log( time) with surface cooling. This predictable cooling behavior can be used assess the age of recently emplaced sheet flows from their surface temperatures. Using a single thermal image, or image mosaic, this allows quantification of the variation in areal coverage rates and lava discharge rates over 48 hour periods prior to image capture. For pahoehoe sheet flow at Kilauea (Hawai'i) this gives coverage rates of 1-5 m(2)/min at discharge rates of 0.01-0.05 m(3)/s, increasing to similar to 40m(2)/min at 0.4-0.5 m(3)/s. Our thermal chronometry approach represents a quick and easy method of tracking flow advance over a three-day period using a single, thermal snap-shot.
• Bruno, B. C., Fagents, S. A., Hamilton, C. W., Burr, D. M., & Baloga, S. M. (2006). Identification of volcanic rootless cones, ice mounds, and impact craters on Earth and Mars: Using spatial distribution as a remote sensing tool. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS, 111(E6).
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  [ 1] This study aims to quantify the spatial distribution of terrestrial volcanic rootless cones and ice mounds for the purpose of identifying analogous Martian features. Using a nearest neighbor (NN) methodology, we use the statistics R ( ratio of the mean NN distance to that expected from a random distribution) and c ( a measure of departure from randomness). We interpret R as a measure of clustering and as a diagnostic for discriminating feature types. All terrestrial groups of rootless cones and ice mounds are clustered (R: 0.51 - 0.94) relative to a random distribution. Applying this same methodology to Martian feature fields of unknown origin similarly yields R of 0.57 - 0.93, indicating that their spatial distributions are consistent with both ice mound or rootless cone origins, but not impact craters. Each Martian impact crater group has R >= 1.00 (i.e., the craters are spaced at least as far apart as expected at random). Similar degrees of clustering preclude discrimination between rootless cones and ice mounds based solely on R values. However, the distribution of pairwise NN distances in each feature field shows marked differences between these two feature types in skewness and kurtosis. Terrestrial ice mounds ( skewness: 1.17 - 1.99, kurtosis: 0.80 - 4.91) tend to have more skewed and leptokurtic distributions than those of rootless cones ( skewness: 0.54 - 1.35, kurtosis: - 0.53 - 1.13). Thus NN analysis can be a powerful tool for distinguishing geological features such as rootless cones, ice mounds, and impact craters, particularly when degradation or modification precludes identification based on morphology alone.

Proceedings Publications

• Aleinov, I., Way, M., Head, J., Varnam, M., Tsigaridis, K., Harman, C., Wolf, E., Hamilton, C., & Gronoff, G. (2023, mar). Can Collapse of a Volcanically-Induced Lunar Atmosphere Deliver Volatiles to Permanently Shadowed Regions?. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
• Basu, U., Schroedl, P., Phillips, M., Moersch, J., Warren, K., Maierhaba, Y., & Hamilton, C. (2023, mar). Correlating Aerial and Ground-Based Hyperspectral Data with Microbial Composition and Diversity in a Mars Analog Hydrothermal System in Iceland. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
• Gwizd, S., Stack, K., Calef, F., Francis, R., Tolometti, G., Graff, J., Langley, C., Hanning, K. \., P{\'all, T. V., Bernhar{\dhsson}, E., Phillips, M., Moersch, J., Basu, U., Voigt, J., & Hamilton, C. (2023, mar). Rover-Aerial Vehicle Exploration Network (RAVEN): Mission Planning, Implementation, and Results from the 2022 Rover-Only Field Campaign at Holuhraun, Iceland. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
• Hamilton, C., Voigt, J., Zanetti, M., Hibbard, S., Bremner, P., Schroedl, P., & Neish, C. (2023, mar). The Holuhraun Region of Iceland as a High-Fidelity Planetary Analog Site for Science and Exploration. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
• Hibbard, S., Perkins, R., Neish, C., & Hamilton, C. (2023, mar). Ground-Truthing Satellite Synthetic Aperture Radar Data of a Sand-Covered Lava Flow. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
• Phillips, M., Moersch, J., Basu, U., & Hamilton, C. (2023, mar). HyPyRameter: A Python Toolbox to Calculate Hyperspectral Reflectance Parameters. In LPI Contributions, 2806.
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• Neish, C., Hughes, S., Hamilton, C., Kobs Nawotniak, S., Garry, W., Skok, J., Elphic, R., Carter, L., Bandfield, J., Osinski, G., Lim, D., & Heldmann, J. (2015, nov). Transitional lava flows as potential analogues for lunar impact melts. In AAS/Division for Planetary Sciences Meeting Abstracts, 47.
• Palafox, L. F., Alvarez, A. M., & Hamilton, C. W. (2015, mar). Automated detection of impact craters and volcanic rootless cones in Mars satellite imagery using convolutional neural networks and support vector machines. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 46, 2316.
• Pedersen, G. B., Höskuldsson, A., Riishuus, M. S., Jónsdóttir, I., Gudmundsson, M. T., Sigmundsson, F., Óskarsson, B. V., Dürig, T., Drouin, V. J., Gallagher, C., Askew, R., Moreland, W. M., Dumont, S., Davies, A., Keszthelyi, L., Hamilton, C. W., & Þórdarson, Þ. (2015, mar). Nornahraun lava morphology and emplacement: A new terrestrial analogue for planetary lava flows. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 46, 1845.
• Schaefer, E. I., Beard, S. P., JeongAhn, Y., Tan, X., & Hamilton, C. W. (2015, mar). Exploring self-similarity in Hawaiian lava flows. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 46, 2972.
• Scheidt, S. P., & Hamilton, C. W. (2015, mar). Generation of Ultrahigh Spatial Resolution Digital Terrain Models for a Martian Lava Flow Analog from Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 46.
• Scheidt, S. P., Palafox, L. F., Hamilton, C. W., & Zimbelman, J. R. (2015, may). Automated detection of transverse aeolian ridges on Mars using convolutional neural networks and a field-based terrestrial orthoimage training set. In Annual International Planetary Dunes Workshop, 4, 8047.
• Sori, M. M., Byrne, S., Hamilton, C. W., & Landis, M. E. (2015, mar). Is viscous flow important at the martian poles?. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 46, 1541.
• Chojnacki, M., McEwen, A., Dundas, C., Hamilton, C., & Mattson, S. (2014, jul). Active Processes in Valles Marineris. In Eighth International Conference on Mars, 1791.
• Hamilton, C. W., Bleacher, J. E., Irwin, R. P., & Mazarico, E. M. (2014, March). Sinuous channels East of Olympus Mons, Mars: Implications for volcanic and fluvial processes. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 45, 1555.
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  LPI Contribution No. 1777; Page: 1555; Dates: 03/17-03/21
• Keske, A. L., McEwen, A. S., Hamilton, C. W., & Daubar, I. J. (2014, March). Distinguishing volcanic and fluvial activity in Mangala Valles, Mars via geomorphic mapping. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 45, 2356.
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  LPI Contribution No. 1777; Page: 2440; Dates: 03/17-03/21
• Scheidt, S. P., Hamilton, C. W., Zimbelman, J. R., Bleacher, J. E., Garry, W. B., deWet, A. P., & Crumpler, L. S. (2014, March). Lava-rise plateaus and inflation pits within the McCartys Flow, New Mexico. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 45, 1491.
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  LPI Contribution No. 1777; Page: 1491; Dates: 03/17-03/21
• Whelley, P., Garry, W., Scheidt, S., Irwin, R., Fox, J., Bleacher, J., & Hamilton, C. (2014, December). Lava flow texture LiDAR signatures. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting, V13C-4800.
• von Meerscheidt, H., Brand, B., deWet, A., Bleacher, J., Hamilton, C., & Samuels, R. (2014, December). The influence of topographic obstacles on basaltic lava flow morphologies. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.
• {Ryan}, A., {Hamilton}, C., , P. (2014, jul). Lava Coils in Context: Dynamics of the Athabasca Valles Lava Flow. In Eighth International Conference on Mars, 1791.
• Arzoumanian, Z., Bleacher, J. E., Gendreau, K., McAdam, A., Shearer, C., Hamilton, C. W., Rice, J., & Garry, W. B. (2013, March). Chromatic Mineral Identification and Surface Texture (CMIST) Instrument: A Next Generation Contact XRD/XRF Tool. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44.
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  Dates: 03/18-03/22; LPI Contribution No. 1719; Page:2116
• Baloga, S. M., Glaze, L. S., & Hamilton, C. W. (2013, Fall). A new simulation approach for modeling inflated pahoehoe lava flows. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.
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  Abstract #V13E-2653
• Bleacher, J. E., Orr, T., Garry, W. B., Hamilton, C. W., Zimbelman JR, ., & de Wet, A. (2013, March). Sinuous ridges and plateaus as evidence for lava flow inflation in the Tharsis Plains of Mars: Insights from analogous features on the coastal plain of Kilauea Volcano, HI. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44, 2090.
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  Dates: 03/18-03/22; LPI Contribution No. 1719; Page: 2090
• Fitch, E. P., Hamilton, C. W., Fagents, S. A., & Thordarson, T. (2013, December). Stages of rootless cone formation observed within the Raudhólar cone group, Iceland. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.
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  Abstract #V41D-2838
• Hamilton, C. (2013, April). Volcanism on Jupiter's moon Io and its relation to interior processes. In EGU General Assembly 2013, 15.
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  Dates: 04/07-04/12; id. EGU2013-545
• Hamilton, C. W. (2013, March). Flood lavas associated with the Cerberus Fossae 2 unit in Elysium Planitia, Mars. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 44, 3070.
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  Dates: 03/18-03/22
• Rumpf, M., Fagents, S. A., Hamilton, C. W., & Crawford, I. A. (2013, Fall). Numerical and experimental approaches toward understanding lava flow heat transfer. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.
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  Abstract #V51D-2707
• Samuels, R., deWet, A., Bleacher, J. E., von Meerscheidt, H. C., Hamilton, C. W., & Garry, W. B. (2013, Fall). Channel and tube flow features associated with the Twin Craters Lava Flow, Zuni-Bandera Volcanic Field, NM: Insights into similar features on Mars. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting.
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  Abstract #V53C-2805
• von Meerscheidt, H. C., Bleacher, J. E., Brand, B. D., deWet, A., Samuels, R., Hamilton, C. W., Garry, W. B., & Bandfield, J. L. (2013, Fall). Shatter complex formation in the Twin Craters Lava Flow, Zuni-Bandera Field, New Mexico. In American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2013, V53C-2806.
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  Abstract #V53C-2806
• Boyce, J. M., Wilson, L., Mouginis-Mark, P. J., Tornabene, L. L., & Hamilton, C. W. (2012, March). Origin of closely-spaced groups of pits in martian craters. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 43, 1017.
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  Dates: 03/19-03/23; LPI Contribution No. 1659; id.1017
• Hamilton, C. W., Beggan, C. D., Still, S., Beuthe, M., Lopes, R. M., Williams, D. A., Radebaugh, J., & Wright, W. (2012, March). Cluster analysis of volcanoes on Io: Implications for tidal heating and magma ascent. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 43, 1041.
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  Dates: 03/19-03/23; LPI Contribution No. 1659; id.1041
• Tornabene, L. L., Osinski, G. R., McEwen, A. S., Boyce, J. M., Bray, V. J., Caudill, C. M., Grant, J. A., Hamilton, C. W., Mattson, S., Mouginis-Mark, P. J., & Science Team, H. O. (2012, March). Wide-spread occurrence of crater-related pitted materials on Mars: Implications for the role of target volatiles with respect to the impact process. In Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, 43, 2418.
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  Dates: 03/19-03/23; LPI Contribution No. 1659; id.2418

Presentations

• Hamilton, C. W. (2014, July). Spatial distribution of volcanoes on Io: Implications for tidal heating and magma ascent. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology Lecture Series.
• Hamilton, C. W. (2014, July). Topographic and stochastic influences on pahoehoe lava lobe emplacement. Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology Lecture Series. University of Hawaii.
• Hamilton, C. W. (2014, September). Flood lava volcanism in Elysium Planitia, Mars. Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium. Knoxville, TN.