Jeannie K Lee
- Associate Professor, Pharmacy Practice-Science
- Associate Dean, Student Services
- Clinical Associate Professor, Medicine
- Member of the Graduate Faculty
Biography
Dr. Jeannie Lee is assistant professor at the University of Arizona (UA) College of Pharmacy with a cross-appointment in the College of Medicine. She is a Board Certified Pharmacotherapy Specialist, Certified Geriatric Pharmacist, and Fellow of American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP). She practices interprofessionally at the Southern Arizona VA Health Care System and UA Medical Center – University Campus, Interprofessional Geriatrics Clinic. She is also research associate and faculty of Arizona Center on Aging in the HRSA-funded Arizona Geriatric Education Center.
Dr. Lee is currently working on the NIH-funded “Chronic Disease Health Beliefs, Medication Adherence, and Health Literacy” project with UA Anthropology and HRSA-funded “National Center for Integrative Primary Healthcare” with Arizona Center of Integrative Medicine and UA Colleges of Medicine, Nursing and Public Health as co-I. Dr. Lee served as PI in “Geriatric Patient Care by U.S. Pharmacists in Healthcare Teams: Systematic Review and Meta-analyses” published in Journal of American Geriatrics Society. She served as co-PI in “Demonstrating Pharmacists’ Impact as Team Member on Therapeutic, Safety, Humanistic, and Economic Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses” project, with primary results published in Medical Care and Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. During her position at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center in Washington, D.C., Dr. Lee conducted the Federal Study of Adherence to Medications in the Elderly (FAME) trial and published the findings in JAMA.
A graduate of the University of Georgia, College of Pharmacy, Dr. Lee completed residency training at the VA Medical Center in Washington, D.C. Her multiple honors include the U.S. Army Commander’s Award for Civilian Service, Ralph D. Arnold Army Pharmacy Research Award, Mel Liter Clinical Pharmacy Award, Association of Military Surgeons of United States’ Circle of Excellence Award, ASHP Foundation’s Pharmacy Practice Research Literature Awards, AACP/NCPA Innovative Adherence Educators Challenge Award, Clinical Sciences Educator of the Year, and Excellence in Geriatric Pharmacy Practice Award. Dr. Lee is a selected member of the National Institute on Aging Health Disparities Resource Persons Network. She is passionate about interprofessional education, practice and research.
Degrees
- Pharm.D. Pharmacy
- University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Athens, Georgia
Work Experience
- University of Arizona College of Pharmacy (2007 - Ongoing)
- Walter Reed Army Medical Center (2000 - 2007)
- VA Medical Center (2000 - 2001)
- VA Medical Center (1999 - 2000)
Awards
- Distinguished Scholar Award FY2025-2026
- The University of Arizona, Fall 2025 (Award Nominee)
- 2925 AACP Distinguished Teaching Scholar Award Nominee
- American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP), Spring 2025 (Award Nominee)
- AACP Aspiring Academic Scholars Award – Mentor
- The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Fall 2024
- Schnellmann Family Faculty Award
- The University of Arizona RKC COP, Fall 2024 (Award Nominee)
- AHA/ACC TARGET:BP Advisory Group
- American Heart Association/American Medical Association, Summer 2024
- Harvard Business Review Advisory Council
- Harvard Business Review Board, Summer 2024
- Women of Impact 2024
- The University of Arizona, Summer 2024 (Award Nominee)
- Together We Thrive COVID-19 Project Certificate of Appreciation
- Pima County Health Department and Tucson Chinese Cultural Center, Spring 2024
- Certificate of Appointment to the Geriatrics and Gerontology Advisory Committee
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Fall 2023
- Promotion to Associate Dean of Student Services
- UA R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, Fall 2023
- Guest Advisor for Annals of Medicine - Geriatrics
- Taylor & Francis Group, Fall 2022
- American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Fellow
- American Geriatrics Society, Spring 2022
- Associate Professor with Tenure
- The University of Arizona, Spring 2022
- 2021 Outstanding Committee Service Award
- The American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Public Education Committee, Spring 2021
- The University of Arizona Team Award for Excellence Nomination
- The University of Arizona, Spring 2021 (Award Nominee)
- William Robie III Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Award Nomination
- The University of Georgia College of Pharmacy 60 at 60, Spring 2021 (Award Nominee)
- 2020 UAHS Faculty Leadership Award
- The UA Health Sciences Office of Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, LGBTQ+ Interest Group, Winter 2020
- Bellee Nomination
- Ben's Bells, Fall 2020 (Award Nominee)
- Script Your Future Medication Adherence Team Challenge Rookie Award
- National Consumers League, Summer 2020 (Award Finalist)
- 2020 CUES Distinguished Fellowships
- University of Arizona, Spring 2020 (Award Nominee)
- AACP Walmart Scholars Award - as Mentor
- The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, Spring 2020
- 2019 Most Valuable Partner Award
- The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Office of Diversity and Inclusion, Fall 2019
- Dr. Theodore G. Tong Leadership & Service Award
- UA College of Pharmacy Student Council, Spring 2019
- Clinical Science Educator of the Year Award
- UA College of Pharmacy, Spring 2018
- Public Health Education Committee
- American Geriatrics Society, Spring 2018
- Board Certified Geriatric Pharmacist
- Board of Pharmacy Specialties, Fall 2017
- Academic Leadership Institute (ALI) Fellow
- University of Arizona, Spring 2017
- Promotion to Clinical Associate Professor
- University of Arizona College of Medicine, Division of Geriatrics, General Internal Medicine and Palliative Medicine, Department of Medicine, Spring 2017
- UA Service Award
- University of Arizona, Spring 2017
- White Coat Presenter
- UA College of Pharmacy, Spring 2017
- Academic Leadership Institute
- University of Arizona, Fall 2016
- Tideswell, AGS, ADGAP Leadership Development in Aging
- Tideswell Foundation at UCSF, American Geriatrics Society, Association of Directors of Geriatric Academic Programs, Spring 2016
- White Coat Presentor
- UA COP Class of 2016, Spring 2016
- AzGS Geriatrician of the Year
- Arizona Geriatrics Society, Fall 2015
- Select Invitation for Luncheon from UA Provost Andrew Comrie
- UA Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs & Provost, Fall 2015
- Select Luncheon Invitation from UA Provost Andrew Comrie
- UA Senior Vice President for Academic Affairs & Provost, Fall 2015
- Tideswell, AGS, ADGAP National Leadership Development Program in Aging
- Tideswell at UCSF, American Geriatrics Society (AGS), Association of Directors or Geriatrics Academy Program (ADGAP), Fall 2015
- AzGEC Certificate for Outstanding Contribution
- Arizona Geriatric Education Center, Summer 2015
- Nominee: Clinical Science Educator of the Year
- UA COP Class of 2015, Spring 2015 (Award Nominee)
- White Coat Ceremony Coater
- UA COP Class of 2016, Spring 2015
- ASCP Presidential Coin of Excellence in Service
- American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP), Fall 2014
- ASHP Foundation Pharmacy Practice Research Literature Award
- The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Research & Education Foundation, Fall 2014
- ASHP Section of Ambulatory Care Practitioners Certificate of Appreciation
- American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Summer 2014
- Innovations in Teaching Honorable Mention
- The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP), Spring 2014
- Nominee - Theodore G. Tong Distinguished Leadership and Service Award
- American Society of Consultant Pharmacists (ASCP) Student Chapter, Spring 2014
- White House and HHS Champions of Change
- Spring 2014
Licensure & Certification
- Pharmacist, Arizona Board of Pharmacy (2007)
- Board Certified Pharmacotherapy Specialist, BPS (2008)
- Pharmacist, Georgia Board of Pharmacy (1999)
- Board Certified Geriatric Pharmacist, BPS-CCGP (2012)
Interests
Teaching
Capstone course, advanced patient care, interprofessional education, geriatrics, chronic disease management, polypharmacy
Research
Medication adherence, aging research, health literacy, chronic disease management, interprofessional team care
Courses
2025-26 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2026) -
E&P In The Pharmacy Profession
PHPR 833B (Spring 2026) -
Ed Outreach Community Service
PHPR 833A (Spring 2026) -
Independent Study
PCOL 399 (Spring 2026) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801 (Spring 2026) -
Trends in Tech & Innovation
IIA 536 (Spring 2026) -
Trends in Tech & Innovation
MED 536 (Spring 2026) -
Trends in Tech & Innovation
PHSC 536 (Spring 2026) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
IIA 533 (Fall 2025) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
PHSC 533 (Fall 2025) -
E&P In The Pharmacy Profession
PHPR 833B (Fall 2025) -
Ed Outreach Community Service
PHPR 833A (Fall 2025) -
Independent Study
PCOL 399 (Fall 2025) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2025) -
Leadership in Pharmacy
PHPR 833 (Fall 2025) -
Special Topics in Pharmacy
PCOL 396 (Fall 2025)
2024-25 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2025) -
E&P In The Pharmacy Profession
PHPR 833B (Spring 2025) -
Ed Outreach Community Service
PHPR 833A (Spring 2025) -
Honors Thesis
PCOL 498H (Spring 2025) -
Human Aging: Applying Aging
IIA 598 (Spring 2025) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801 (Spring 2025) -
Trends in Tech & Innovation
IIA 536 (Spring 2025) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
IIA 533 (Fall 2024) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
MED 533 (Fall 2024) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
PHSC 533 (Fall 2024) -
E&P In The Pharmacy Profession
PHPR 833B (Fall 2024) -
Honors Thesis
PCOL 498H (Fall 2024) -
Human Aging: Applying Aging
IIA 598 (Fall 2024) -
Independent Study
PCOL 399 (Fall 2024) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2024) -
Leadership in Pharmacy
PHPR 833 (Fall 2024)
2023-24 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2024) -
Honors Thesis
PCOL 498H (Spring 2024) -
Human Aging: Applying Aging
IIA 598 (Spring 2024) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Spring 2024) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2024) -
Honors Thesis
PCOL 498H (Fall 2023) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2023) -
Leadership in Pharmacy
PHPR 833 (Fall 2023)
2022-23 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2023) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
MED 533 (Spring 2023) -
Independent Study
PCOL 399 (Spring 2023) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Spring 2023) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2023) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2022) -
Leadership in Pharmacy
PHPR 833 (Fall 2022)
2021-22 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2022) -
Aging Interprof Practice, Comm
MED 533 (Spring 2022) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Spring 2022) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2022) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2021) -
Leadership in Pharmacy
PHPR 833 (Fall 2021)
2020-21 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2021) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Spring 2021) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2021) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2020)
2019-20 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2020) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Spring 2020) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2020) -
Research Project II
PHPR 896B (Spring 2020) -
Independent Study
PHPR 899 (Fall 2019) -
Research Project I
PHPR 896A (Fall 2019)
2018-19 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2019) -
Persp In Geriatrics Lab
PHPR 847 (Spring 2019) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2019) -
Writing a Research Proposal
PHPR 862 (Spring 2019)
2017-18 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2018) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2018) -
Pharmacotherapeutics
PHPR 875A (Spring 2018) -
Pharmacy Practice Project
PHPR 896B (Spring 2018) -
Pharmacy Prac Project
PHPR 896A (Fall 2017) -
Preparation for Rotation
PHPR 895B (Fall 2017)
2016-17 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2017) -
Applied Pharmacokinetics
PHPR 885A (Spring 2017) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2017) -
Pharmacotherapeutics
PHPR 875A (Spring 2017) -
Pharmacy Practice Project
PHPR 896B (Spring 2017) -
Pharmacy Prac Project
PHPR 896A (Fall 2016) -
Preparation for Rotation
PHPR 895B (Fall 2016)
2015-16 Courses
-
Advanced Patient Care
PHPR 811 (Spring 2016) -
Applied Pharmacokinetics
PHPR 885A (Spring 2016) -
Persp In Geriatrics Lab
PHPR 847 (Spring 2016) -
Perspectives in Aging: IPPE
PHPR 801E (Spring 2016) -
Pharmacy Practice Project
PHPR 896B (Spring 2016) -
Preventive Care
PHPR 814 (Spring 2016) -
Writ Prop Scientfic Std
PHPR 862 (Spring 2016)
Scholarly Contributions
Chapters
- Lee, J. K., Mendoza, D. M., Chatelain, S. M., & Weygint, A. M. (2025).
Geriatrics: Safe Medication Use in Older Adults
. In Pharmacotherapy: Principles and Practice, 7th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc. - Vyas, D., & Lee, J. K. (2024). Social determinants of health and their influence on self-care. In Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs, 21st ed(pp 39-51). Washington, DC: American Pharmacists Association (APhA).
- Lee, J. K. (2023). 2023 Update to the AGS Beers Criteria®. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice (PPP) Updates. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
- Lee, J. K., & Davis, S. S. (2023). Gastroesophageal reflux disease. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 6th ed.. New York: McGraw Hill Medical.
- Lee, J. K., & Quelland, D. D. (2023). Dyslipidemia. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 6th ed.. New York: McGraw Hill Medical.
- Lee, J. K., Mendoza, D. M., & Chatelain, S. (2021). Geriatrics: Safe Medication Use in Older Adults. In Chisholm-Burns MA, Wells BG, Schwinghammer TL, et al, eds. Pharmacotherapy: Principles and Practice, 6th ed.(pp 3-14). New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
- Lee, J. K., & Davis, S. (2020). Gastroesophageal reflux disease.. In Katz MD, Matthias KR, eds. Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 5th ed(pp Case 16, Access Pharmacy). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Lee, J. K., & Quelland, D. (2020). Dyslipidemia.. In Katz MD, Matthias KR, Eds. Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 5th ed(pp Case 10, Access Pharmacy). New York: McGraw-Hill Medical.
- Lee, J. K. (2019). Pharmacotherapy Updates: Beers Criteria Update. In Pharmacotherapy: Principles and Practice, 5th ed. and Pharmacotherapy: A Pathologic Approach. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Lee, J. K., Mendoza, D. M., Mohler, J., & Self, C. (2019). Geriatrics. In Pharmacotherapy: principles and practice, 5th ed(pp 7-18). New York: McGraw-Hill.
- Lee, J. K., & Davis, S. (2017). Gastroesophageal reflux disease. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 4th ed.
- Lee, J. K., & De Los Santos, K. (2017). Dyslipidemia. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 4th ed.
- Lee, J. K., & Davis, S. (2017). Gastroesophageal reflux disease.. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 4th ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
- Lee, J. K., & De Los Santos, K. (2017). Dyslipidemia.. In Pharmacotherapy Principles and Practice Study Guide: A Case Based Care Plan Approach, 4th ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
- Lee, J. K., Mahvan, T., & Levy, J. S. (2016). CoreCases: Polypharmacy Case. In CaseNetwork(pp 1-3). Newton Square, PA: CaseNetwork.More infoCoreCases is a case-based education program that addresses the ACGME six core competencies
- Lee, J. K., Mendoza, D. M., Lee, E. M., & Mohler, J. (2016). Geriatrics.. In Pharmacotherapy: principles and practice, 4th ed.. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc.
- Insel, K., Lee, J. K., Einstein, G. O., & Morrow, D. G. (2015). Opportunities for technology: Translating an efficacious intervention to improve medication adherence among older adults.. In Human Aspects of IT for the Aged Population. Design for Everyday Life.(pp 2:82-88). Los Angeles: Springer Publishing.
Journals/Publications
- Lee, J. K., Alvarez, N. A., Katz, M., Fraser, C., Cornelison, B., Gallo, T., & Axon, D. R. (2025).
Investigating the correlation between student pharmacist admissions data and pharmacy course grades at a college of pharmacy in the United States
. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 17(Issue 8). doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2025.102369More infoIntroduction: There is an interest in examining how well admissions data including demographics and course grades correlate with academic success for student pharmacists. This project aimed to determine the correlation between Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) admissions data and academic performance at the University of Arizona R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy (UA RKCCOP). Methods: This retrospective quality improvement project included all PharmD students admitted in the last five cycles (2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21, 2021–22, 2022–23) to the UA RKCCOP. The PharmCAS application system data and course grades from the three years of the pharmacy didactic curriculum at the UA RKCCOP were utilized. Descriptive statistics were calculated to describe the characteristics, grade point average (GPA) scores, and course grades. Spearman Rho correlations were calculated for the association between pre-pharmacy GPA scores and each PharmD course grade and the association between select prerequisite courses and their corresponding pharmacy courses. Results: A total of 665 students were admitted to the UA RKCCOP PharmD program in the past five cohorts. Correlations between prerequisite course grades and select PharmD course grades were either weak or very weak, as were most correlations between pre-pharmacy GPAs and PharmD grades. There were nine moderate correlations – three basic science courses and two pharmacy practice courses were typically correlated with overall and/or science pre-pharmacy GPAs. Conclusions: This project demonstrated a lack of strong correlations between prerequisite course grades with PharmD course grades and pre-pharmacy GPAs with PharmD grades. Although there were a few moderate correlations, most were weak or very weak. - Lee, J. K., Nicholas, J. S., Albadawi, A., & Insel, K. C. (2025). Developing decision support algorithm for hypertension medications for use in a digital therapeutic system. Frontiers in Drug Safety and Regulation, 5. doi:10.3389/fdsfr.2025.1476998More infoIntroduction: Adherence to hypertension medications is low among older people, and there is limited guidance on the safety of taking a missed medication. Knowing the window of time when an older individual can safely take a missed medication could improve adherence and reduce the fear of overdosing. We developed and implemented a decision support algorithm for missed hypertension medications in a digital therapeutic system designed to facilitate self-management of hypertension medications and blood pressure among older adults. Methods: The medication formulary included hypertension medications and doses available in the United States that are safe for use by older people. The decision support algorithm was developed through a literature review of clinical and pharmacokinetic studies and knowledge of the pharmacology of aging (pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics). The algorithm was peer-reviewed and checked against available provider and patient instructions about missed hypertension medications. Case scenarios were used to code the algorithm into the app. Results: A total of 117 hypertension medications and combination products were included in the formulary of the Medication Education, Decision Support, Reminding, and Monitoring (MEDSReM©) system, a mobile digital therapeutic. The formulary contains medication names and dose options available for selection at onboarding or when medication changes occur. The safe window for taking missed/overdue medication was programmed into the MEDSReM© app for each medication and dosing frequency. The users are presented with “take, snooze, and skip” options when they receive a reminder and open the app to take the medication. If they open the app past the safe window hours, a recommendation to skip that dose and take the next dose at the regular time is presented. If the user decides to take the missed dose, a decision to take or skip the next dose is shown. Discussion: The MEDSReM© decision support algorithm provides a safe window of time for each hypertension medication for older adults when they need to take their medication after the intended target time has passed. The interdisciplinary collaboration of clinical, technology, and research teams resulted in a novel, older adult-centered, time-specific digital therapeutic intervention to support decision-making about taking missed hypertension medications.
- Lee, J. K., Tomasa, L. T., Nagy, M. W., Battise, D., Fox, C., & Sadowski, C. A. (2025).
Pharmacy students’ initial interest in working with older people and their relationship to change in attitudes after required curricula on aging
. The Senior Care Pharmacist, 40(4), 155-166. - Aimiya, Y., Mizuno, T., Sakakibara, M., Matsumoto, N., Sugiura, S., Mizokami, F., Lee, J. K., & Yamada, S. (2024). Effectiveness of Online Team-based Learning for Pharmacists on How to Conduct Clinical Medication Reviews for Old Patients in Japan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Scientific Reports, 38(1), 460-466. doi:10.21873/invivo.13460
- Aimiya, Y., Mizuno, T., Sakakibara, M., Matsumoto, N., Sugiura, S., Mizokami, F., Lee, J., & Yamada, S. (2024). Effectiveness of Online Team-based Learning for Pharmacists on How to Conduct Clinical Medication Reviews for Old Patients in Japan: A Randomized Controlled Trial. In Vivo, 38(1). doi:10.21873/invivo.13460
- Campbell, A. M., Lee, J. K., Whittington, B., & Weygint, A. (2024). Effect of a Virtual Game, 'Name That Band,' on Older People's and PharmD Students' Feelings of Social Isolation During COVID-19. The Senior Care Pharmacist, 39(1), 22-29. doi:10.4140/TCP.n.2024.22
- Lee, J. K. (2024). Translation of a Successful Behavioral Intervention to a Digital Therapeutic Self-Management System for Older Adults.. Ergonomics in Design, 32(2), 5-13. doi:10.1177/10648046211066409More infoThis was a featured article of the journal.
- Matsumoto, N., Mizuno, T., Ando, Y., Kato, K., Nakanishi, M., Nakai, T., Lee, J. K., Kameya, Y., Nakamura, W., Takahara, K., Shiroki, R., & Yamada, S. (2024). Prediction model for Severe Thrombocytopenia induced by Gemcitabine plus Cisplatin Combination Therapy in Patients with Bladder Cancer. . Clinical Drug Investigation, 44(5), 357-366. doi:10.1007/s40261-024-01361-3
- Matsumoto, N., Mizuno, T., Ando, Y., Kato, K., Nakanishi, M., Nakai, T., Lee, J. K., Kameya, Y., Nakamura, W., Takahara, K., Shiroki, R., & Yamada, S. (2024). Prediction Model for Severe Thrombocytopenia Induced by Gemcitabine Plus Cisplatin Combination Therapy in Patients with Urothelial Cancer. Clinical Drug Investigation, 44(Issue 5). doi:10.1007/s40261-024-01361-3More infoBackground: Chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia is often a use-limiting adverse reaction to gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) combination chemotherapy, reducing therapeutic intensity, and, in some cases, requiring platelet transfusion. Objective: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with urothelial cancer at the initiation of GC combination therapy and the objective was to develop a prediction model for the incidence of severe thrombocytopenia using machine learning. Methods: We performed receiver operating characteristic analysis to determine the cut-off values of the associated factors. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify risk factors associated with the occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia. The prediction model was constructed from an ensemble model and gradient-boosted decision trees to estimate the risk of an outcome using the risk factors associated with the occurrence of severe thrombocytopenia. Results: Of 186 patients included in this study, 46 (25%) experienced severe thrombocytopenia induced by GC therapy. Multivariate analyses revealed that platelet count ≤ 21.4 (×104/µL) [odds ratio 7.19, p < 0.01], hemoglobin ≤ 12.1 (g/dL) [odds ratio 2.41, p = 0.03], lymphocyte count ≤ 1.458 (×103/µL) [odds ratio 2.47, p = 0.02], and dose of gemcitabine ≥ 775.245 (mg/m2) [odds ratio 4.00, p < 0.01] were risk factors of severe thrombocytopenia. The performance of the prediction model using these associated factors was high (area under the curve 0.76, accuracy 0.82, precision 0.68, recall 0.50, and F-measure 0.58). Conclusions: Platelet count, hemoglobin level, lymphocyte count, and gemcitabine dose contributed to the development of a novel prediction model to identify the incidence of GC-induced severe thrombocytopenia.
- Matsumoto, N., Nakai, T., Sakakibara, M., Aimiya, Y., Sugiura, S., Yamada, S., Lee, J. K., & Mizuno, T. (2024). Remote follow-up by pharmacists for blood pressure control in patients with hypertension: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Scientific Reports, 14, Article 2535. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-52894-8
- Shaw, S. J., Totman, M., Huebner Torres, C., Lee, J. K., Gavrilyuk, D., & Korchmaros, J. D. (2023). Cultural and translation challenges in assessing health literacy among immigrants from the former Soviet Union. Health Promotion International.
- Wang, G. H., Hincapie‐Castillo, J. M., Gellad, W. F., Jones, B., Shorr, R. I., Yang, S., Wilson, D. L., Lee, J. K., Reisfield, G. M., Kwoh, C. K., Delcher, C., Nguyen, K. A., Harle, C. A., Marcum, Z. A., & Lo‐Ciganic, W. (2024). Association between Opioid-Benzodiazepine Trajectories and Injurious Fall Risk among US Medicare Beneficiaries. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(12), 3376. doi:10.20944/preprints202404.1235.v1
- Weygint, A. M., Whittington, B. T., Lee, J. K., & Campbell, A. (2024). Impact of a Virtual Game, ‘Name That Band,’ on Older People’s and PharmD Students’ Feelings of Social Isolation During COVID-19. Senior Care Pharmacists, 39(1), 22-29. doi:10.4140/tcp.n.2024.22
- Alfayoumi, I., Henry, N., Ieng, P., & Lee, J. K. (2022). Community-based participatory research: Engaging older adults in their community pharmacies. Pharmacy.
- Alfayoumi, I., Henry, N., Ieng, P., & Lee, J. K. (2023). Community-based research: Interviewing older adults in their community pharmacies. The Senior Care Pharmacist, 38(9), 378-390. doi:10.4140/TCP.n.2023.378
- Azevedo, R. F., Hale, T., Warren, T., Baby, E., Lee, J., Insel, K., Rogers, W., & Mudar, R. (2023). ASSESSING USABILITY OF A MEDICATION ADHERENCE SYSTEM FOR PERSONS WITH MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT. Innovation in Aging, 7(Supplement_1), 83-83. doi:10.1093/geroni/igad104.0266
- Kato, T., Mizuno, T., Nakanishi, M., Lee, J. K., Yamada, S., Tsuboi, N., & Takahashi, K. (2022). Efficacy of ascorbic acid, thiamine, and hydrocortisone combination therapy: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trial . Heliyon.
- Kato, T., Mizuno, T., Nakanishi, M., Lee, J. K., Yamada, S., Tsuboi, N., & Takahashi, K. (2023). Efficacy of ascorbic acid, thiamine, and hydrocortisone combination therapy: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. In Vivo, 37(3), 1236-1245. doi:10.21873/invivo.13200
- Lee, J. K., Collins, B. M., Alvarez, N. A., Pepper, E., & Warholak, T. L. (2023). Improving a leadership scale: applying Rasch analysis to student pharmacists’ attitudes and beliefs about leadership . American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 87, 100063. doi:10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100063
- Lee, J. K., Collins, B., Pepper, E., Alvarez, N. A., & Warholak, T. (2023). Improving a Leadership Scale: Applying Rasch Analysis to Student Pharmacists’ Attitudes and Beliefs About Leadership. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 87(Issue 6). doi:10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100063More infoObjective: Leadership development is necessary for student pharmacists to become pharmacist leaders, but no readily usable standard measurement of student attitudes toward and beliefs about leadership exists. To assess the reliability and validity evidence for using the Leadership Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (LABS-III), originally developed and validated in Malaysia, for use with student pharmacists in the United States. Methods: The 2-unit leadership course was piloted among second- and third-year students in a public college of pharmacy with a 4-year doctor of pharmacy curriculum. The participating students completed the LABS-III during the first and last classes as part of a quality improvement measure for course enhancement. Rasch analysis was then used to assess the reliability and validity evidence for the LABS-III. Results: A total of 24 students participated in the pilot course. The pre and postcourse surveys had 100% and 92% response rates, respectively. After Rasch analysis model fit was achieved, the item separation for the 14 nonextreme items was 2.19 with an item reliability of 0.83. The person separation index was 2.16 with a person reliability of 0.82. Conclusion: The Rasch analysis revealed that the number of LABS-III items should be decreased and that the 3-point response scale should be used to improve functionality and use in classroom settings for PharmD students in the United States. Further research is needed to augment the reliability and validity evidence of the modified instrument for use at other United States colleges of pharmacy.
- Vadiei, N., & Lee, J. K. (2023). An Innovative Approach to Teaching Depression/Anxiety Medication Management: Virtual Choose Your Own Adventure, Psychiatry Edition. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning.
- Warholak, T. L., Forbes, A., Alvarez, N. A., Pepper, E., Collins, B. M., & Lee, J. K. (2023). Improving a leadership scale: applying Rasch analysis to student pharmacists’ attitudes and beliefs about leadership . American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 87(6), 100063. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100063
- Al-Saleh, S., Lee, J. K., Rogers, W., & Insel, K. C. (2022). Translation of a Successful Behavioral Intervention to a Digital Therapeutic Self-Management System for Older Adults.. Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications. doi:10.1177/10648046211066409
- Lee, J. K., & Vadiei, N. (2022). An Innovative Approach to Teaching Depression/Anxiety Medication Management: Virtual Choose Your Own Adventure, Psychiatry Edition. Mental Health Clinician, 14(4), 225-231. doi:10.9740/mhc.2022.08.225
- Lee, J. K., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., Hincapie-Castillo, J., Wang, T., Ge, Y., Jones, B., Huang, J., Chang, C. Y., Wilson, D., Reisfield, G., Kwoh, C. K., Delcher, P., Nguyen, K., Zhou, L., Shorr, R., Guo, J., Marcum, Z., Harle, C., Park, H., , Winterstein, A., et al. (2022). Dosing profiles of concurrent opioid and benzodiazepine use associated with overdose risk among US Medicare beneficiaries: Group-based multi-trajectory models.. Addiction, 117(7), 1982-1992. doi:10.1111/add.15857
- Lee, J. K., Marupuru, S., Arku, D., Campbell, A. M., & Slack, M. K. (2022). Use of Melatonin and/or Ramelteon for the Treatment of Insomnia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med, 11(17), 5138-5153. doi:10.3390/jcm11175138
- O'Malley, P. G., Jackson, J. L., Becher, D., Hanson, J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2022). Tool to improve patient-provider interactions in adult primary care: Randomized controlled pilot study. Canadian Family Physician, 68(2), e49-e58. doi:10.46747/cfp.6802e49
- Axon, D. R., Slack, M. K., Barraza, L. F., Lee, J. K., & Warholak, T. L. (2021). Nationally representative health care expenditures of community-based older adults with pain in the United States prescribed opioids versus those not prescribed opioids.. Pain Medicine., 22(2), 282-291. doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa114
- Brooks, A. J., Maizes, V., Billimek, J., Blair, J., Chen, M. K., Goldblatt, E., Kilgore, D., Klatt, M., Kligler, B., Koithan, M. S., Kreitzer, M. J., Lee, J. K., Lopez, A. M., Taren, D., & Lebensohn, P. (2021). Professional development in integrative health through an interprofessional online course in clinical settings. Explore, 17(Issue 6). doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.02.014More infoBackground: Although there is mounting clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence supporting integrative healthcare (IH), a significant knowledge gap hinders widespread adoption by health professionals. Intervention: Foundations in Integrative Health (FIH), a 32-h online competency-based interprofessional course to address this knowledge gap. Methods: The course was pilot-tested by an interprofessional sample of providers in various clinical settings as professional and staff development. Outcome Measures: Prior to and following the course, participants completed an IH knowledge test, an IH self-efficacy self-assessment, and validated measures of burnout, wellness behaviors, and attitudes toward IH, interprofessional teams, and patient involvement. Evaluation surveys were administered following each unit and the course. Results: Thirty-one percent of the participants (n = 214/690) completed the course. Pre/post course improvements were found in IH knowledge, IH self-efficacy, attitudes towards IH and interprofessional teams, and several wellness behaviors. The course was positively evaluated with 81% of the participants indicating interest in applying IH principles in their practice and 92% reported that the course enhanced their clinical experience. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the outcomes of a multi-site, online IH curriculum offered to a diverse group of health professionals in various clinical settings. This course may allow clinical settings to offer an interprofessional, IH curriculum even with limited on-site faculty expertise.
- Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., McCutcheon, L. R., McCutcheon, L. R., Fazel, M. T., Fazel, M. T., Cooley, J. H., Cooley, J. H., Slack, M. K., & Slack, M. K. (2021). Assessment of Interprofessional Collaborative Practices and Outcomes in Adults With Diabetes and Hypertension in Primary Care: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.. JAMA Network Open, 4(2), e2036725. doi:10.1001/Jamanetworkopen.2020.36725
- Nakanishi, M., Mizuno, T., Mizokami, F., Koseki, T., Takahashi, K., Tsuboi, N., Katz, M., Lee, J. K., & Yamada, S. (2021). Impact of pharmacist intervention for blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease: A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, 46(1), 114-120.More infoHypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are recognized as silent killers because they are asymptomatic conditions that contribute to the burden of multiple comorbidities. The achievement of a blood pressure (BP) goal can dramatically reduce the risks of CKD. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacist intervention on BP control in patients with CKD and evaluate the usefulness of home-based BP telemonitoring.
- Axon, D. R., Slack, M., Barraza, L., Lee, J. K., & Warholak, T. (2020). Nationally representative healthcare expenditures of community-based older adults with pain in the United States prescribed opioids versus those not prescribed opioids.. Pain Medicine. doi:10.1093/pm/pnaa114
- Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., Vadiei, N., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Knapp, S. M., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., & Burke, W. J. (2020). Extent and Factors Associated With Adherence to Antidepressant Treatment during Acute and Continuation Phase Depression Treatment among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder.. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 16, 1433-1450. doi:10.2147/NDT.S241749
- Bhattacharjee, S., Naeem, S., Knapp, S. M., Lee, J. K., Patanwala, A. E., Vadiei, N., Malone, D. C., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., & Burke, W. J. (2020). Health Outcomes Associated with Adherence to Antidepressant Use during Acute and Continuation Phases of Depression Treatment among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. Journal of clinical medicine, 9(10), 3358. doi:10.3390/jcm9103358More infoTo examine health outcomes associated with adherence to Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) antidepressant medication management (AMM) during acute and continuation phases of depression treatment among older adults with dementia and major depressive disorder (MDD).
- Brooks, A. J., Maizes, V., Billimek, J., Blair, J., Chen, M. K., Goldblatt, E., Kilgore, D., Klatt, M., Kligler, B., Koithan, M. S., Kreitzer, M. J., Lee, J. K., Lopez, A. M., Taren, D., & Lebensohn, P. (2020). Professional development in integrative health through an interprofessional online course in clinical settings. Explore (New York, N.Y.), 16(6), 392-400. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2019.08.002.More infoAlthough there is mounting clinical and cost-effectiveness evidence supporting integrative healthcare (IH), a significant knowledge gap hinders widespread adoption by health professionals.
- Brooks, A., Chen, M. K., Goldblatt, E., Klatt, M., Kilgore, B., Koithan, M. S., Kreitzer, M. J., Lee, J. K., Lopez, A. M., Maizes, V., Sandvold, I., Taren, D. L., & Lebensohn, P. (2020). Introducing Integrative Primary Health Care to an Interprofessional Audience: Feasibility and Impact of an Asynchronous Online Course.. Explore, 16(6), 392-400. doi:10.1016/j.explore.2019.08.002
- Katz, M., Koseki, T., Lee, J. K., Mizokami, F., Mizuno, T., Nakanishi, M., Takahashi, K., Tsuboi, N., & Yamada, S. (2020). Impact of pharmacist intervention for blood pressure control in patients with chronic kidney disease: A meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, 46(1), 114-120. doi:10.1111/jcpt.13262More infoWhat is known and Objective Hypertension (HTN) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are recognized as silent killers because they are asymptomatic conditions that contribute to the burden of multiple comorbidities. The achievement of a blood pressure (BP) goal can dramatically reduce the risks of CKD. In this study, we aimed to assess the effectiveness of pharmacist intervention on BP control in patients with CKD and evaluate the usefulness of home-based BP telemonitoring. Methods The terms “chronic kidney disease,” “pharmacist,” “BP” and “randomized controlled trial (RCT)” were used five databases to search for information regarding pharmacist intervention on BP control in patients with CKD. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) studies for adult patients with uncontrolled HTN and (b) studies with adequate data for meta-analysis. The primary outcome was an evaluation of achievement of BP goal in patients with CKD. The secondary outcome was usefulness of home-based BP telemonitoring by pharmacists in patients with CKD. Results and discussion Six RCTs were identified and included in the meta-analysis with a total of 2573 patients (mean age 66.0 years and 63.9% male). Pharmacist interventions resulted in significantly better BP control vs usual care (OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.15-2.04, P < .01). Pharmacist interventions using home-based BP telemonitoring were significantly superior to control/usual care (OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.49-2.77, P < .01), whereas pharmacist interventions without home-based BP telemonitoring did not significantly improve BP control compared to that with control/usual care (OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 0.97-1.75, P = .08). Home-based BP telemonitoring supported team-based care for HTN in these studies. In addition, patient self-monitoring with telemedicine devices might enhance patients' abilities to manage their condition by pharmacist instruction. What is new and conclusion The findings of this meta-analysis showed that pharmacist interventions with home-based BP telemonitoring improve BP control among adult patients with CKD.
- Lee, J. K., Fain, M. J., Ladziak, N. A., Zerr, B., Howe, C. L., & Vadiei, N. (2020). Psychotropic medication use patterns in home-based primary care: a scoping review. Mental Health Clinician.
- Lo-ciganic, W., Jones, B. L., Wilson, D. L., Wang, T., Reisfield, G. M., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Kwoh, C. K., Jones, B., Huang, J., Hincapie-castillo, J., Gellad, W. F., Ge, Y., Delcher, C., & Chang, C. Y. (2020). PMH26 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN DOSE AND DURATION PATTERNS OF OPIOID AND BENZODIAZEPINE USE AND RISK OF OVERDOSE AMONG US MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES: A GROUP-BASED MULTI-TRAJECTORY MODEL. Value in Health, 23, S204-S205. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2020.04.646
- McCucheon, L., Haines, S. T., Valaitis, L., Sturpe, D. A., Russell, G., Clauson, K. A., Saleh, A. A., & Lee, J. K. (2020). Impact of interprofessional primary care practice on patient outcomes: A scoping review. SAGE Open, 1-17. doi:10.1177/2158244020935899.
- Vadiei, N., Howe, C. L., Zerr, B., Ladziak, N. A., Fain, M. J., & Lee, J. K. (2020). Psychotropic medication use patterns in home-based primary care: a scoping review. Mental Health Clinician, 10(5), 282-290.
- Almutairi, A. R., Mollon, L., Lee, J., & Slack, M. (2019). A comparison of the pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies used to manage chronic pain: Opioid users versus nonusers. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association, 59(Issue 5). doi:10.1016/j.japh.2019.06.009More infoBackground: Multimodal and multidomain strategies are currently recommended for the management of chronic pain. However, there is little information available on how individuals (opioid users versus nonusers) with chronic pain use multimodal strategies in pain management. Methods: This cross-sectional study used questionnaire data from a sample of pharmacists with chronic pain. The questionnaire collected data on demographics, pain characteristics, pain management strategies, and pain management outcomes. The association between the number of strategies used and opioid use were evaluated by linear regression. Differences between the groups in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use and types of strategies used in managing the pain were analyzed using logistic regressions. A hierarchical logistic regression was performed to identify potential predictors differentiating opioid users from nonusers. Results: Fifty-seven opioid users and 100 nonusers with chronic pain completed the questionnaire. Opioid users reported higher levels of pain at baseline (7.6 ± 1.7 vs. 6.7 ± 2.2; P = 0.011); however, pain levels after treatment were comparable (2.9 ± 1.9 vs. 3.2 ± 2.4; P = 0.33). Although there was no significant difference in the total number of strategies, the number of pharmacologic strategies was significantly higher in opioid users (P = 0.007). The type of pain management strategies and the use of NSAIDs were similar in both groups after adjusting for potential confounders. The significant predictors of opioid use from hierarchical logistic regression analysis were: lower use of over-the-counter NSAIDs (odds ratio [OR] 0.4; 95% CI 0.2-0.9), using more interventions (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.1-1.3), reliance on pharmacologic strategies (OR 10.8; 95% CI 2.1-55.7), using combination of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies (OR 3.7; 95% CI 0.9-15.8), and less interference with daily activities after treatment (OR 0.2; 95% CI 0.1-0.9). Conclusion: Opioid use was primarily related to the use of prescription pharmacologic strategies, but not to age or gender. Posttreatment pain levels were similar between opioid users and nonusers; however, opioid users used more nonopioid medications than nonusers did.
- Almutairi, A., Mollen, L., Lee, J. K., & Slack, M. K. (2019). A Comparison of the Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Strategies Used to Manage Chronic Pain: Opioid Users versus Non-users.. J Am Pharm Assoc.. doi:10.1016/j.japh.2019.06.009
- Axon, D. R., Augustine, J., Warholak, T., & Lee, J. K. (2019). Improving rating scales: Applying Rasch analysis to student pharmacists’ attitudes towards herbal medications.. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(7), 658-663. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2019.03.015
- Bhattacharjee, S., Axon, D. R., Goldstone, L., & Lee, J. K. (2019). Patterns and predictors of depression treatment among stroke survivors with depression in ambulatory settings in the United States. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis, 27(3), 563-567. doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2017.09.047
- Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., Patanwala, A. E., Vadiei, N., Malone, D. C., Knapp, S. M., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., & Burke, W. J. (2019). Extent and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Antidepressant Use Among Older Adults With Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(Issue 8). doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2019.02.002More infoObjective: To quantify the extent and identify predictors of potentially inappropriate antidepressant use among older adults with dementia and newly diagnosed major depressive disorders (MDD). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included older adults (aged ≥65 years) with dementia and newly diagnosed MDD using Medicare 5% sample claims data (2012–2013). Based on Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set guidelines, intake period for new antidepressant medication use was from May 1, 2012, through April 30, 2013. Index prescription start date was the first date of antidepressant prescription claim during the intake period. Dependent variable of this study was potentially inappropriate antidepressant use as defined by the Beers Criteria and the Screening Tool of Older Persons’ potentially inappropriate Prescriptions criteria. The authors conducted multiple logistic regression analysis to identify individual-level predictors of potentially inappropriate antidepressant use. Results: The authors’ final study sample consisted of 7,625 older adults with dementia and newly diagnosed MDD, among which 7.59% (N = 579) initiated treatment with a potentially inappropriate antidepressant. Paroxetine (N = 394) was the most commonly initiated potentially inappropriate antidepressant followed by amitriptyline (N = 104), nortriptyline (N = 35), and doxepin (N = 32). Initiation of a potentially inappropriate antidepressant was associated with age and baseline use of anxiolytic medications. Conclusion: More than 7% of older adults in the study sample initiated a potentially inappropriate antidepressant, and the authors identified a few individual-level factors significantly associated with it. Appropriately tailored interventions to address modifiable and nonmodifiable factors significantly associated with potentially inappropriate antidepressant prescribing are required to minimize risks in this vulnerable population.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., Patanwala, A. E., Vadiei, N., Malone, D. C., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., & Burke, W. (2019). Extent and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Antidepressant Use among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. Am J Geriatr Psych, S1064-7481(19), 30241-6. doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2019.02.002
- Bhattacharjee, S., Lo-ciganic, W., Malone, D. C., Vadiei, N., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2019). PND92 EXTENT AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ADHERENCE TO APPROPRIATE ANTIDEPRESSANT TREATMENT DURING ACUTE AND CONTINUATION PHASE DEPRESSION TREATMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER. Value in Health, 22, S287. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2019.04.1365
- Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Vadiei, N., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2019). PND23 HEALTHCARE EXPENDITURES ASSOCIATED WITH ADHERENCE TO ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATION MANAGEMENT MEASURES DURING ACUTE AND CONTINUATION PHASES OF DEPRESSION TREATMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER. Value in Health, 22, S740. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2019.09.1793
- Bhattacharjee, S., Patanwala, A. E., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Warholak, T., & Burke, W. J. (2019). Alzheimer's disease medication and risk of all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalization: A retrospective cohort study. Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 5, 294-302. doi:10.1016/j.trci.2019.05.005More infoIdentifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pharmacologic treatment options that effectively reduce the risk of mortality and hospitalization in real-world settings is critical.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Vadiei, N., Lo-ciganic, W., Malone, D. C., Vadiei, N., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2019). PND3 HEALTH OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH ADHERENCE TO HEALTHCARE EFFECTIVENESS DATA AND INFORMATION SET (HEDIS) ANTIDEPRESSANT MEDICATION MANAGEMENT MEASURES DURING ACUTE AND CONTINUATION PHASES OF DEPRESSION TREATMENT AMONG OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA AND MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER. Value in Health, 22, S270. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2019.04.1277
- Brooks, A., Koithan, M. S., Lopez, A. M., Klatt, M., Lee, J. K., Goldblatt, E., Sandvold, I., & Lebensohn, P. (2019). Incorporating integrative healthcare into interprofessional education: What do primary care training programs need?. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 14, 6-12. doi:10.1016/j.xjep.2018.10.006
- Campbell, A. M., Axon, D. R., Mollon, L. E., Martin, J. R., Slack, M. K., & Lee, J. K. (2019). Melatonin for the prevention of postoperative delirium in older adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics, 19(1), 272. doi:10.1186/s12877-019-1297-6
- Campbell, A. M., Axon, D. R., Mollon, L. E., Martin, J. R., Slack, M. K., & Lee, J. K. (2019). Melatonin for the prevention of postoperative delirium in older adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. BMC Geriatrics.
- Ciotan, H. S., Alsheri, S., Howe, C. L., Lee, J. K., Fain, M. J., Eng, H. J., Schachter, K. A., & Mohler, M. J. (2017). Variation in use of antipsychotic medications in nursing homes in the United States: A systematic review. BMC Geriatrics, 17(1), 32-44. doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0428-1
- Lee, J. K., Tomasa, L., Evans, P., Pho, V. B., Bear, M., & Vo, A. (2019). Impact of geriatrics elective courses at three colleges of pharmacy: Attitudes toward aging and eldercare. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(Issue 12). doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2019.09.016More infoIntroduction: One in five Americans will be 65 years and older by 2030. Training student pharmacists to provide quality eldercare as healthcare professionals is essential. The objective of the study was to assess pharmacy students' attitudes toward aging and eldercare before and after a geriatrics-focused elective course. Methods: The University of Arizona Aging and Health Care (UA AHC) survey was modified for pharmacy and administered pre and post to students enrolled in a geriatrics elective course at three United States (US) colleges of pharmacy. Pre and post means were calculated to examine attitudinal changes after course participation. Factor analysis was performed to examine construct validity by identifying the dimensions being measured. Results: Sixteen of 37 questions differed significantly from pre-course to post-course demonstrating improved attitudes after course participation. Students also reported an awareness of how older adults are viewed and treated. Factor analysis identified seven factors with a range of behaviors, skills, training, and attitudes perceived to be important in geriatric care. Two factors, importance of learning about geriatric care and experience/comfort with older adults, showed significant changes confirming positive impact of the course. Conclusions: Geriatrics-focused elective courses in three colleges of pharmacy had a positive impact on students' perceived importance of learning about geriatric care and experience/comfort with elders. Further research to adapt and validate the UA AHC survey to pharmacy education is needed. The identification of the skills and attitudes necessary to meet the growing needs of older adults is necessary for pharmacy curriculum implementation and practice.
- Lee, J. K., Tomasa, L., Evans, P., Pho, V., Bear, M., & Vo, A. (2019). Impact of Elective Courses at Three Colleges of Pharmacy: Attitudes toward Aging and Eldercare. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(12), 1239-1247. doi:10.1016/j.cptl.2019.09.016
- Lo-ciganic, W., Warholak, T. L., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2019). Alzheimer's disease medication and risk of all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalization: A retrospective cohort study.. Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.), 5(1), 294-302. doi:10.1016/j.trci.2019.05.005More infoIdentifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pharmacologic treatment options that effectively reduce the risk of mortality and hospitalization in real-world settings is critical..We compared donepezil, galantamine, memantine, oral rivastigmine, and transdermal rivastigmine with regard to all-cause mortality and all-cause hospitalization risk among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries with AD (aged ≥ 65 years) using a retrospective cohort study design. Our primary analysis was based on intention to treat (ITT), but we also present as-treated analysis..In our final study sample (N = 21,558), significant difference in survival among index AD medication groups were observed with donepezil being associated with better survival than memantine, and oral and transdermal forms of rivastigmine for both ITT and as-treated analysis. Difference in hazards of all-cause hospitalization among index AD medication groups was observed in ITT analysis but not in as-treated analysis..Significant differences exist in terms of mortality and hospitalization risk with different AD medication initiation in real-world setting.
- Mizokami, F., Mizuno, T., Kanamori, K., Oyama, S., Nagamatsu, T., Lee, J. K., & Kobayashi, T. (2019). Clinical medication review of polypharmacy reduced unplanned hospitalizations in older adults: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Geriatrics & Gerontology International (GGI), 19, 1275-1281. doi:10.1111/ggi.13796
- Shaw, S. J., Korchmaros, J. D., Huebner Torres, C., Totman, M., & Lee, J. K. (2019). The RxHL Study: Community Responsive Research at a Federally Qualified Community Health Center.. Health Educ Research, 34(6), 556-568. doi:10.1093/her/cyz029
- Vo, A., Bear, M., Pho, V. B., Evans, P., Lee, J. K., & Tomasa, L. T. (2019). Impact of geriatrics elective courses at three colleges of pharmacy: Attitudes toward aging and eldercare. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(12), 1239-1247. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2019.09.016.
- Zerr, B., Ladziak, N., Fain, M. J., Howe, C. L., Lee, J. K., & Vadiei, N. (2019). PSYCHOTROPIC MEDICATION USE PATTERNS IN HOME-BASED PRIMARY CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 27(3), S150. doi:10.1016/j.jagp.2019.01.058More infoIntroduction Up to a third of patients seen by home-based primary care providers suffer from mental health problems, predominantly major depressive disorder. These conditions tend to be under-recognized and under-treated for patients receiving home-based care. This may be due to providers feeling inadequately trained on how to screen for various mental health disorders, and/or how to provide comprehensive mental health treatment. Given the high prevalence of patients suffering from mental health problems in this setting, the goal of this systematic review was to evaluate current psychotropic use patterns for patients receiving home-based primary care (HBPC). Methods Using controlled vocabulary terms (e.g. MeSH, Emtree) and keywords, a medical librarian conducted systematic literature searches in the following seven databases: Ovid/MEDLINE, Wiley/Cochrane Library, Elsevier/Embase, Elsevier/Scopus, Clarivate/Web of Science, EBSCO/CINAHL, and EBSCO/PsycInfo, limiting articles to those published between January 1, 2007 and January 5, 2018. Two independent reviewers screened all titles and abstracts and resolved differences by consensus. Two independent reviewers screened the full text of all publications selected in the screening phase. Differences were resolved by consensus with a third reviewer. Studies were selected if a) they were conducted in home-based primary care settings and b) identified psychotropic use/prescription patterns. We specifically did not include studies that were limited to patients in hospice care or nursing or rehabilitation facilities. Studies were excluded if they were: not in English; drug trials; limited to pediatric patients; or opinion pieces, case studies, case series, meeting abstracts, reviews, systematic reviews, or meta-analyses. Results Of the 2,675 publications identified through the seven database searches, 1,388 remained after duplicates were removed (Figure 1). Of these, 1,329 were eliminated because of irrelevance to the topic and 59 were selected for full text screening. Of these, four met full selection criteria and were included in the data extraction and analysis. Citation checking of these four, as well as of relevant review articles, resulted in the selection of an additional 15 articles for full text screening. None of these additional articles met the full selection criteria. Conclusions Pending ongoing investigation. This research was funded by This research did not receive any grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
- Badr, A. F., Alshehri, S., Kurdi, S., McManus, C., & Lee, J. K. (2018). Pharmacists’ Interventions to Reduce Sedative/Hypnotic Use for Insomnia in Hospitalized Patients. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 26(8), 1204-1207.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Goldstone, L., Lee, J. K., & Burke, W. J. (2018). Depression Screening among Older Adults without Depression Diagnosis in Ambulatory Settings in United States. AM J Public Health, 69(10), 1098-1100.More infoPublished online ahead of print
- Brooks, A., Koithan, M., Lopez, A. M., Klatt, M., Lee, J. K., Goldblatt, E., Sandovold, I., & Lebensohn, P. (2019). Interprofessional Integrative Healthcare Education: What Do Primary Care Educational Programs Need?. Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, 14, 6-12.More infoPublished ahead of print
- Cooley, J., & Lee, J. K. (2018). An Operationalization of the pharmacists’ patient care process at one public college of pharmacy. Am J Pharm Educ, 82(2), Article 6301.
- Goldstone, L. W., Vadiei, N., Lee, J. K., Goldstone, L. W., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2018). Depression Screening Patterns, Predictors, and Trends Among Adults Without a Depression Diagnosis in Ambulatory Settings in the United States.. Psychiatric services (Washington, D.C.), 69(10), 1098-1100. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201700439More infoThis study examined national patterns, predictors, and trends in depression screening among adults without a diagnosis of depression in the United States..A cross-sectional design utilizing pooled data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2005-2015) was used. The study sample consisted of ambulatory care visits to nonpsychiatrists among adults (≥18 years) without a depression diagnosis. Depression screening was the dependent variable. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression, and piecewise regression analyses were conducted to achieve the study objectives..The national-level depression screening rate was 1.4% of all adult ambulatory care visits. Year, gender, physician specialty, geographic region, and time spent with physician were significantly associated with depression screening. Piecewise regression analysis revealed a statistically significant (p
- Lee, J. K., & Cooley, J. (2018). Implementing the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process at a Public Pharmacy School.. American journal of pharmaceutical education, 82(2), 6301. doi:10.5688/ajpe6301More infoThe Joint Commission of Pharmacy Practitioners has provided the profession of pharmacy a patient-centered care model known as the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process (PPCP). This process will serve to provide consistency throughout the profession as it becomes incorporated throughout pharmacy practice and education. A description of the early stages of implementing the PPCP at one public college of pharmacy provides insights into opportunities for education and assessment.
- Lee, J. K., Blocker, K. A., Insel, K. C., Nie, Q., Ajuwon, A., & Rogers, W. A. (2018). User Insights for Design of an Antihypertensive Medication Management Application. Proceedings of the 2018 Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 1077-1081. doi:10.1177/1541931218621247
- Lee, J. K., Coiltan, H., Goldsmith, P., Heasley, B., Dermody, M., Fain, M., & Mohler, J. (2018). An Assisted Living Interprofessional Education and Practice Geriatric Screening Clinic (IPEP-GSC). Geront & Geriatr Education, 1545-3847. doi:10.1080/02701960.2018.1463222
- Lee, J. K., Fosnight, S. M., Estus, E. L., Evans, P. J., Pho, V. B., Reidt, S., Reist, J. C., Ruby, C. N., Sibicky, S. L., & Wheeler, J. B. (2018). Clinical research that matters: Designing outcomes-based research for older adults to qualify for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Consultant Pharmacists, 33(1), 24-32. doi:10.4140/TCP.n.2018.24
- Lee, J. K., Fosnight, S. M., Estus, E. L., Evans, P. J., Pho, V. B., Reidt, S., Reist, J. C., Ruby, C. N., Sibicky, S. L., & Wheeler, J. B. (2018). Clinical research that matters: Designing outcomes-based research for older adults to qualify for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Consultant Pharmacists.
- Lee, J. K., Hume, A. L., Willis, R., Boon, H., Lebensohn, P., Brooks, A., & Kligler, B. (2018). Pharmacy competencies for interprofessional integrative healthcare education. Am J Pharm Educ, 82(6), Article 6302.
- Lo-ciganic, W., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2018). Extent and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Antidepressant Use Among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. Value in Health, 21, S189. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.1273
- Lo-ciganic, W., Malone, D. C., Zhou, L., Roubal, A., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lindermann, J., Lee, J. K., Kwoh, C. K., Hines, L., Gellad, W. F., Donohue, J. M., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2018). Geographic Variation of High-Risk Opioid Use and Risk of Overdose Among Disabled Medicare Beneficiaries in the US from 2011 to 2015. Value in Health, 21, S2. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.076
- Lo-ciganic, W., Warholak, T. L., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Burke, W. J., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2018). Comparison of All-Cause Mortality and All-Cause Hospitalization Risk for Medications to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease. Value in Health, 21, S204. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.1385
- Slack, M. K., Axon, R., Carlos, H., & Lee, J. K. (2018). An exploratory study of student pharmacists' self-reported, management strategies, outcomes, and implications for pharmacy education. Pharmacy, 6, 1-11. doi:10.3390/pharmacy6010011
- Slack, M. K., Lee, J. K., Hernandez, C., & Axon, D. R. (2017). An exploratory study of student pharmacists' self-reported, management strategies, outcomes, and implications for pharmacy education. Pharmacy.
- Slack, M. K., Ramon, C., Daniel, T., Daniel, V. d., & Lee, J. K. (2018). An observational study of pain self-management strategies and outcomes: does type of pain, age, or gender matter?. Scan J Pain, 18(4), 645-656.
- Vadiei, N., & Lee, J. K. (2018). Anxiety in Older Adults – Pharmacotherapy. Elder Care: A Resource for Interprofessional Providers, 1-2.More infoOnline publication in http://aging.arizona.edu/program/elder-care-resource-interprofessional-providers and Portal of Geriatrics Online Education (POGOe)
- Vadiei, N., & Lee, J. K. (2018). Psychosis in Dementia – Pharmacotherapy. Elder Care: A Resource for Interprofessional Providers, 1-2.More infoOnline publication in http://aging.arizona.edu/program/elder-care-resource-interprofessional-providers and Portal of Geriatrics Online Education (POGOe)
- Warholak, T. L., Lee, J. K., Axon, A., & Augustine, J. M. (2018). A Rasch Analysis of Student Pharmacists’ Attitudes Towards Herbal Medications. Value in Health, 21, S117. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.789
- Almutairi, A., Zhou, L., Lee, J. K., Gellad, W. F., Slack, M., Martin, J. R., & Lo-Ciganic, W. (2017). Effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants for non-valvular atrial fibrillation or venous thromboembolism: Systematic review and meta-Analyses. Clinical Therapeutics.
- Axon, D. R., Augustine, J. M., & Lee, J. K. (2017). An assessment of student pharmacists’ knowledge and attitudes on herbal medications. Am J Pharm Educ.
- Cioltan, H. S., Alsheri, S., Lee, J. K., Howe, C., Fain, M., Eng, H., Schachter, K., & Mohler, J. (2017). Variation in use of antipsychotic medications in nursing homes in the United States: A systematic review.. BMC Geriatrics, 17(1), 32-44. doi:10.1186/s12877-017-0428-1
- Cooley, J., & Lee, J. K. (2017). An Operationalization of the pharmacists’ patient care process at one public college of pharmacy. Am J Pharm Educ.
- Fazel, M. T., Bagalagel, A., Lee, J. K., Martin, J. R., & Slack, M. K. (2017). The impact of Pharmacists involvement in diabetes management as a member of an interdisciplinary healthcare team (Title not finalized). Ann Pharmacotherapy.
- Fazel, M. T., Slack, M. K., Bagalagel, A., Martin, J. R., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., Bagalagel, A., Martin, J. R., Slack, M. K., Fazel, M. T., Slack, M. K., Martin, J. R., Lee, J. K., Bagalagel, A., & Fazel, M. T. (2017). Impact of Diabetes Care by Pharmacists in Interprofessional Teams in Ambulatory Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Annals of Pharmacotherapy.
- Lee, J. K. (2017). Deprescribing and Polypharmacy. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Geriatric Pharmacy Literature Study 2017.
- Lee, J. K., & Liebmann, J. M. (2017). Current therapeutic options and treatments in development for the management of primary open-angle glaucoma. Am J Manag Care.
- Lee, J. K., Alshehri, S., Kurdi, S., Amanti, C., & Mohler, J. (2017). Interprofessional Team Care Program for Preventing Avoidable Admissions Among Assisted Living Elders (PA4LE). J Am Geriatr Soc.
- Lee, J. K., Hume, A. L., Willis, R., Boon, H., Lebensohn, P., Brooks, A., & Kligler, B. (2017). Pharmacy competencies for interprofessional integrative healthcare education. Am J Pharm Educ.
- Lo-Ciganic, W., Floden, L., Lee, J. K., Ashbeck, E. L., Zhou, L., Chinthammit, C., Purdy, A. W., & Kwoh, C. K. (2017). Patterns of analgesic use and risk of recurrent falls in patients with- or at-risk of knee osteoarthritis: data from the osteoarthritis initiative. Osteoarthr Cartil Epub.
- Nguyen, S. M., Lee, J. K., Le, D. H., & Allison, K. M. (2017). ANTICHOLINERGIC MEDICATION USE AND COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA RISK IN AN OLDER VETERAN POPULATION. Innovation in Aging, 1(suppl_1), 972-973. doi:10.1093/geroni/igx004.3510
- Lee, J. K. (2016). Depression in older adults – Pharmacotherapy.. Portal of Geriatrics Online Education (POGOe).
- Lee, J. K. (2016). Geriatric Pharmacy Literature Study 2016, Module 1A: New Beers Criteria. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Geriatric Review Course Recertification.
- Lee, J. K., Alshehri, S., Kutbi, H., & Martin, J. (2015). Optimising pharmacotherapy in elderly patients: the role of pharmacists. Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice.
- Lee, J. K., Shaw, S. J., Huebner-Torres, C. I., Korchmaros, J. D., & Totman, M. (2016). Creative partnership to assess health beliefs, health literacy and medication adherence among ethnically diverse populations. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 80, 102-103.
- Lee, J. K., Shaw, S., Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J. D., & Totman, M. (2016). Creative Partnership to Assess Health Beliefs, Health Literacy and Medication Adherence Among Ethnically Diverse Populations.. Am J Pharm Educ, 80(5), 102-103.
- Lee, J. K., Stocker, H., Alsheri, S., & Howe, C. (2016). Variation in use of antipsychotic in nursing homes in the US: A systematic review.. J Am Geriatr Soc, 64(S1), S253.
- Lee, J. K., Zhou, R., Vaughn, C., & Wong, W. (2016). Assessing an interactive approach to educate older adults and caregivers on Alzheimer’s disease. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016, 64(S1), S224.
- Lo-ciganic, W., Martin, J. R., Zhou, L., Martin, J. R., Marion, S., Lo-ciganic, W., Lee, J. K., & Almutairi, A. R. (2016). Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of NOVEL ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS (NOACS) VERSUS VITAMIN K ANTAGONISTS (VKA) in Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Value in Health, 19(3), A41. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2016.03.078
- Karmegam, S., & Lee, J. K. (2015). Management of Persistent Pain in Older Adults.. Ariz Geriatr Soc J., 20(2), 29-30.
- Kligler, B., Maizes, V., Brooks, A., Klatt, M., Koithan, M. S., Lee, J. K., Goldblatt, E., Kreitzer, M. J., Lopez, A. M., McClafferty, H., Rhode, R., Sandvold, I., Saper, R., Taren, D., Wells, E., & Patricia, P. (2015). Interprofessional competencies in integrative primary healthcare.. Global Advances in Health and Medicine., 4(5), 33-39.
- Lee, J. K. (2015). Geriatric Pharmacy Curriculum Guide – 3rd ed.. American Society of Consultant Pharmacists.
- Lee, J. K. (2015). Medication Adherence: Tips You Can Use. UA Life & Work Connections Wellbeing Newsletter, 35(2), 1.
- Lee, J. K., Alshehri, S., Kutbi, H., & Martin, J. (2015). Optimising pharmacotherapy in elderly patients: the role of pharmacists. Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice, 4, 101-111.
- Lee, J. K., Alshehri, S., Kutbi, H., & Martin, J. R. (2015). Optimising pharmacotherapy in elderly patients: the role of pharmacist. Integrated Pharmacy Research and Practice, 4, 101-111.
- Lee, J. K., Mohler, J., Fain, M., Chen, Z., & Thienhaus, O. J. (2015). Letter to the Editor: Comment/Responses Depression, Antidepressants, and Bone Health in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.. J Am Geriatr Soc., 63(3), 623-624. doi:10.1111/jgs.13301
- Augustine, J., Lee, J. K., & Armstrong, E. P. (2014). Health outcomes and Cost-effectiveness of certolizumab pegol in the treatment of crohn’s disease. Expert Rev of Pharmacoecon Outcomes Res, 14(5), 599-609.
- Augustine, J., Shah, A., Makadia, N., Shah, A., & Lee, J. K. (2014). Knowledge and attitudes regarding geriatric care and training among student pharmacists. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 6(2), 226-232.More infoAbstract: Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitudes of Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) students regarding geriatric care and training. Methods: The survey was administered to first, second, and third professional year PharmD students at a four-year public university during the fall semester of 2011. Groups were differentiated based on completion of a geriatrics-focused course, which is offered annually as a two-credit elective for a maximum of 100 health professional students. Results: A total of 193 student pharmacists completed the survey, which resulted in a response rate of 66.55%. The second and third professional year PharmD students who took the geriatrics-focused course showed significantly higher knowledge of geriatric care (mean = 8.46 and 10.12, respectively) compared to their peers who did not take the course (mean = 7.45, p = 0.03; and mean = 8.67, p = 0.02, respectively). Second and third professional year students who participated in the geriatrics-focused course were more likely to be interested in additional geriatric care training compared to their peers who had not taken the course (p = 0.05 each). First professional year students who did not have the opportunity to take the geriatrics course yet placed high importance on participating in a geriatrics-focused course in the pharmacy curriculum. Conclusion: Student pharmacists who took a geriatrics-focused course had stronger knowledge of geriatrics and more positive attitudes regarding geriatric care training. Therefore, schools and colleges of pharmacy should consider the positive impact of a geriatrics-focused course on students' geriatric knowledge and their attitudes toward geriatric care training. © 2014 Elsevier Inc.
- Gilligan, A. M., Loui, J. A., Mezdo, A., Patel, N., & Lee, J. K. (2014). A comparison of pharmacy students' and active older adults' perceptions regarding geriatric quality of life. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 78(1).More infoAbstract: Objectives. To measure perceptions of quality of life (QOL) in an active geriatric population and compare their responses with pharmacy students' perceptions of older adult QOL. Methods. Pharmacy students and active older adults completed the modified and standard version of a validated health survey instrument, respectively, and their responses were compared. Results. Eighty-six students and 20 active older adults participated. Student perceptions of geriatric QOL were significantly lower in all domains except health change compared to older adult perceptions (p
- Herrier, R. N., Schiefer, D., Hanauer, C., Tanner, N., Cooley, J. H., & Lee, J. K. (2014). Development of a pharmacy capstone course from focus groups to advanced patient care. Am J Pharm Educ, 78(8), Article 156, pages 1-10.
- Lee, J. K., & Karmegam, S. (2014). Management of Persistent Pain in Older Adults. Elder Care: A Resource for Interprofessional Providers.
- Lee, J. K., & Leonetti, G. E. (2014). Awareness of medication-related fall risk: a survey of community-dwelling older adults. Healthy Aging Research, 3(10), 1-7.
- Lee, J. K., Cooley, J. H., & Herrier, R. N. (2014). Developing a pharmacy capstone course from focus groups to advanced patient care. Am J Pharm Educ, 78(8), Article 156, pages 1-10.
- Adamson, R., Allen, M., Au, A., Audley, T., Ball, R., Beis, S., Brandt, J., Brandt, M., Brown, D., Butler, K., Calabrese, S., Carr-Lopez, S., Coleman, C., Collins, C., Donley, K., Ehlert, D., Floyd, R., Fortier, C., Gomez, T., , Hoffman, J., et al. (2013). ASHP Practitioner Recognition Program - 2013 Fellows of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 70(13). doi:10.2146/sp130002
- Burgin, L. B., Gamboa, A. M., Tierney, D. M., & Lee, J. K. (2013). Interactive approach by pharmacy students to educate older adults on the safe use of over-the-counter medications. Consultant Pharmacist, 28(3), 168-175.More infoPMID: 23462026;Abstract: Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate a pharmacy student-led interactive educational program for older adults on the safe use of over-the-counter (OTC) medications. Methods: This was a prospective, interventional study evaluating an educational program covering 12 common OTC topics. Doctor of pharmacy students and a geriatric specialist faculty advisor developed and delivered a 30-minute presentation tailored to older adults, accompanied by various interactive learning methods, including a questionand- answer session. Following the program, participants completed a questionnaire to address the helpfulness and report intentions of behavior change. Results: A total of 88 individuals attended the presentations, and 64 participants voluntarily completed the anonymous post-program survey; 91.8% of the participants indicated the intervention was either "very helpful" or "moderately helpful." The majority of subjects stated they would make changes to the way they use OTCs (79.3%) and discuss OTC use with their providers (88.3%). The three most beneficial topics included vitamins/minerals, reading a drug label, and sleep medications. Conclusion: An interactive educational program on the safe use of OTC medications was helpful and generated positive intentions regarding behavior change in OTC use among older adults.
- Chisholm-Burns, M., Spivey, C. A., Zivin, J. G., Lee, J. K., Sredzinski, E., & Tolley, E. A. (2013). Improving outcomes of renal transplant recipients with behavioral adherence contracts: A randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Transplantation, 13(9), 2364-2373.More infoPMID: 23819827;Abstract: The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to assess the effects of a 1-year behavioral contract intervention on immunosuppressant therapy (IST) adherence and healthcare utilizations and costs among adult renal transplant recipients (RTRs). The sample included adult RTRs who were at least 1 year posttransplant, taking tacrolimus or cyclosporine and served by a specialty pharmacy. Pharmacy refill records were used to measure adherence and monthly questionnaires were used to measure healthcare utilizations. Direct medical costs were estimated using the 2009 Medicare Expenditure Panel Survey. Adherence was analyzed using the GLM procedure and the MIXED procedure of SAS. Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated to quantify the rate of utilizing healthcare services relative to treatment assignment. One hundred fifty RTRs were enrolled in the study. Intervention group RTRs (n = 76) had higher adherence than control group RTRs (n = 74) over the study period (p < 0.01). And 76.1% of the intervention group compared with 42.7% of the control group was not hospitalized during the 1-year study period (RR = 1.785; 95% CI: 1.314, 2.425), resulting in cost savings. Thus, evidence supports using behavioral contracts as an effective adherence intervention that may improve healthcare outcomes and lower costs. A randomized controlled trial of a behavioral contract intervention targeting immunosuppressant therapy adherence finds that renal transplant recipients in the intervention group experienced improved adherence and outcomes compared to those in the control group. © Copyright 2013 The American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons.
- Hall, W. J., & Lee, J. K. (2013). Review: Pharmacist care improves therapeutic and safety outcomes in older adults. Annals of Internal Medicine, 159(10), JC6.More infoPMID: 24247696;
- Lee, J. K., Slack, M. K., Martin, J., Ehrman, C., & Chisholm-Burns, M. (2013). Geriatric patient care by U.S. pharmacists in healthcare teams: Systematic review and meta-analyses. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 61(7), 1119-1127.More infoPMID: 23796001;Abstract: Objectives To conduct a systematic review and meta-analyses to examine the effects of pharmacists' care on geriatric patient-oriented health outcomes in the United States (U.S.). Design Studies examining U.S. pharmacists' patient care services from inception of the databases through July 2012 were searched. The databases searched include PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid/MEDLINE, ABI/INFORM, Health Business Fulltext Elite, Academic Search Complete, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database, and Clinical Trials.gov. Studies reporting pharmacists' intervention for geriatric patients, comparison groups, and patient-oriented outcomes were assessed. Dual review for inclusion and data extraction were performed. Setting University of Arizona College of Pharmacy. Measurements Study and participant characteristics, pharmacist intervention, and outcomes with data for meta-analyses were collected. A forest plot was constructed to obtain a pooled standardized mean difference using a random effects model. Results One hundred fifty-two articles were reviewed, with 20 resulting studies included in the final meta-analyses. Study sample size ranged from 36 to 4,218, with mean age of subjects being 65 and older. The studies were most frequently conducted in ambulatory care clinics, followed by inpatient settings; the majority focused on multiple diseases and conditions. Pharmacist activities varied widely, with technical interventions used most often. Favorable results were found in all outcome categories, and meta-analyses conducted for therapeutic, safety, hospitalization, and adherence were significant (P
- Tang, D. H., Lin, M., Lee, J. K., Harrington, A. R., & Armstrong, E. P. (2013). A systematic review of economic studies on biological agents used to treat Crohn's disease.. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 19(12), 2673-94. doi:10.1097/mib.0b013e3182916046More infoIdentifying clinical scenarios that maximize the cost-effectiveness of biological treatments can lead to optimized health care cost-saving and clinical effectiveness from a society's perspective..Published articles between January 1995 and June 2012 were searched in PubMed, EMBASE, ABI/INFORM, Tuft's Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry Database, Cochrane National Health Service Economic Evaluation Database, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Studies of interest included the following: (1) cost studies, (2) economic evaluations, or (3) narrative or systematic reviews related to economic evaluations of biological treatments for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD). The primary outcomes of interest included costs associated with biological treatments and cost-effectiveness measures, including incremental cost-effectiveness ratios. A threshold of $100,000/quality-adjusted life year (£60,000/quality-adjusted life year) gained was used for treatment cost-effectiveness..Thirty-eight studies were identified, including 15 economic evaluations and 23 cost studies or reviews of economic evaluations. Economic evaluations found that infliximab and adalimumab were more cost-effective than standard therapy for luminal CD when provided as an induction therapy followed by episodic therapy over 5 or more years. The cost-effectiveness of infliximab and adalimumab versus standard therapy for luminal CD was less certain when used as 1-year maintenance treatment with or without previous induction therapy. Cost studies revealed that infliximab therapy reduced health care resource utilization and cost. Older reviews were inconclusive about the cost-effectiveness of biological treatments used for CD..Current evidence suggests that biological treatments may be cost-effective for CD under certain clinical scenarios. Future studies evaluating all biological treatments are needed to compare their respective benefits and costs.
- Tang, D. H., Mollon, L., Lee, J. K., & Armstrong, E. P. (2013). Cost-effectiveness of biological agents used in ulcerative colitis.. Best practice & research. Clinical gastroenterology, 27(6), 949-60. doi:10.1016/j.bpg.2013.09.007More infoUlcerative colitis (UC) produces bloody diarrhoea, severe abdominal pain, and need for clinic visits, hospitalizations, and surgeries. UC results in reduced health-related quality of life for patients and large direct medical and indirect costs for health systems and employers. Patients with the most severe disease require the most medical services, and these patients have larger costs than patients with mild or moderate disease. Despite biological therapies being quite expensive, they are indicated for patients unresponsive to initial standard therapies. Future hospitalizations may be reduced by starting a biological treatment. Cost-effectiveness results vary between countries, health systems, and model designs. Since restorative proctocolectomy can be curative, this surgery dominates biological therapy by being both less costly and more effective when measuring health system costs and patient quality-adjusted life years for 20 years. However the dose, duration, and effectiveness of biological treatments significantly impact estimates of their cost-effectiveness.
- Weiss, B. D., Mollon, L., & Lee, J. K. (2013). Readability of patient education information on the American Geriatrics Society Foundation's health-in-aging website. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 61(10), 1845-1846.More infoPMID: 24117314;
- Lee, J. J., Tang, D. H., Armstrong, E. P., & Lee, J. J. (2012). Cost-utility analysis of biologic treatments for moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease. Pharmacotherapy, 32(6).More infoTo compare the cost versus utility of four guideline-recommended biologic treatments-infliximab, adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, and natalizumab-for the treatment of Crohn's disease from a United States payer perspective.
- Lee, J. J., Weiss, B. D., & Lee, J. J. (2012). Aging: Is your patient taking too many pills?. The Journal of family practice, 61(11).More infoBefore you prescribe another drug, consider whether new symptoms might be caused by the medications the patient is already taking.
- Tang, D. H., Lee, J. K., Harrington, A. R., & Armstrong, E. P. (2012). PSY16 A Systematic Review of Economic Studies on Biologic Agents Used to Treat Crohn's Disease. Value in Health, 15(4), A101. doi:10.1016/j.jval.2012.03.550
- Weiss, B. D., & Lee, J. K. (2012). Aging: Is your patient taking too many pills?. Journal of Family Practice, 61(11), 652-654+658-661.More infoPMID: 23256095;Abstract: Before you prescribe another drug, consider whether new symptoms might be caused by the medications the patient is already taking.
- Byers, M. G., Allison, K. M., Wendel, C. S., & Lee, J. K. (2010). Prazosin versus quetiapine for nighttime posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in veterans: An assessment of long-term comparative effectiveness and safety. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 30(3), 225-229.More infoPMID: 20473055;Abstract: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder experienced by combat veterans. Nighttime symptoms are often unrelieved by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy, and increased use of prazosin or quetiapine for treatment is seen. The purpose of this study was to determine the short-and long-term effectiveness and safety of prazosin versus quetiapine for treating nighttime symptoms in veteran PTSD patients. This is a historical prospective cohort study using retrospective chart review. Three hundred twenty-four patients with a diagnosis of PTSD, based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision coding, who were initially prescribed prazosin or quetiapine for nighttime symptoms were screened for inclusion. Short-term effectiveness was determined by documentation of symptomatic improvement within 6 months, and long-term effectiveness if patients continued therapy to study end date. Safety was assessed by comparing incidence of adverse drug effects causing discontinuation of either study drug.This study included 237 patients: 62 received prazosin, and 175 received quetiapine. Short-term effectiveness was similar for prazosin (61.3%) and quetiapine (61.7%; P = 0.54). However, patients prescribed prazosin were significantly more likely to continue their therapy to study end date compared with quetiapine (48.4% vs 24%; P < 0.001; odds ratio, 3.0; 95% confidence interval, 1.62-5.45), thus achieving long-term effectiveness. Alternatively, patients in the quetiapine group were more likely to discontinue therapy because of adverse effects compared with the prazosin group (34.9% vs 17.7%; P = 0.008). Because of similar rate of short-term effectiveness, superior long-term effectiveness, and lower incidence of events leading to discontinuation, compared with quetiapine, prazosin should be used first-line for treating nighttime PTSD symptoms in a veteran population. © 2010 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Chisholm-Burns, M., Graff Zivin, J., Lee, J., Spivey, C., Slack, M., Herrier, R., Hall-Lipsy, E., Abraham, I., & Palmer, J. (2010). Economic effects of pharmacists on health outcomes in the United States: A systematic review. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 67(19). doi:10.2146/ajhp100077More infoPurpose. A systematic review examining the economic effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on health outcomes in the United States was conducted. Methods. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 13 academic and medical databases. Studies were included in the analysis if they described pharmacist-provided direct patient care, used comparison groups, evaluated economic outcomes, and were conducted in the United States. Outcome results were categorized as (1) favorable, indicating significant improvement as a result of pharmacists' interventions or services, (2) not favorable, indicating significant improvement as a result of nonpharmacist care, (3) mixed, having favorable results on one measure of a study variable but not favorable results or no effect on another, (4) having no effect, indicating no significant difference between pharmacists' interventions or services and the comparison, or (5) unclear, indicating the outcome could not be determined based on presented data. Results. Of the 56,573 citations considered, a total of 126 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Results favoring pharmacist-provided care were found in 20 studies (15.9%), mixed results were seen in 53 studies (42.1%), no effect was found in 6 studies (4.8%), and unclear results were found in 47 studies (37.3%). Conclusion. A majority of studies examining the economic effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care in the United States were limited by their partial cost analyses, study design, and other analysis considerations. A majority of the 20 studies that found positive economic benefits examined pharmacists' interventions involving technical methods or multimodal approaches. United States Copyright © 2010, American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Inc. All rights reserved.
- Chisholm-Burns, M., Kim Lee, J., Spivey, C., Slack, M., Herrier, R., Hall-Lipsy, E., Graff Zivin, J., Abraham, I., Palmer, J., Martin, J., Kramer, S., & Wunz, T. (2010). US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care: Systematic review and meta-analyses. Medical Care, 48(10). doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e3181e57962More infoBackground: One approach postulated to improve the provision of health care is effective utilization of team-based care including pharmacists. Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review with focused meta-analyses to examine the effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on therapeutic, safety, and humanistic outcomes. Methods: The following databases were searched from inception to January 2009: NLM PubMed; Ovid/MEDLINE; ABI/INFORM; Health Business Fulltext Elite; Academic Search Complete; International Pharmaceutical Abstracts; PsycINFO; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; National Guideline Clearinghouse; Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects; ClinicalTrials.gov; LexisNexis Academic Universe; and Google Scholar. Studies selected included those reporting pharmacist-provided care, comparison groups, and patient-related outcomes. Of these, 56,573 citations were considered. Data were extracted by multidisciplinary study review teams. Variables examined included study characteristics, pharmacists' interventions/services, patient characteristics, and study outcomes. Data for meta-analyses were extracted from randomized controlled trials meeting meta-analysis criteria. Results: A total of 298 studies were included. Favorable results were found in therapeutic and safety outcomes, and meta-analyses conducted for hemoglobin A1c, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and adverse drug events were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care over comparative services. Results for humanistic outcomes were favorable with variability. Medication adherence, patient knowledge, and quality of life-general health meta-analyses were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care. Conclusions: Pharmacist-provided direct patient care has favorable effects across various patient outcomes, health care settings, and disease states. Incorporating pharmacists as health care team members in direct patient care is a viable solution to help improve US health care. © 2010 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
- Herrier, R. N., Palmer, J., Abraham, I., Chisholm-burns, M. A., Hall-lipsy, E., Kramer, S. S., Lee, J. K., Martin, J. R., Slack, M. K., Spivey, C. A., Wunz, T. P., & Zivin, J. G. (2010). US pharmacists' effect as team members on patient care: systematic review and meta-analyses.. Medical care, 48(10), 923-33. doi:10.1097/mlr.0b013e3181e57962More infoOne approach postulated to improve the provision of health care is effective utilization of team-based care including pharmacists..The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive systematic review with focused meta-analyses to examine the effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on therapeutic, safety, and humanistic outcomes..The following databases were searched from inception to January 2009: NLM PubMed; Ovid/MEDLINE; ABI/INFORM; Health Business Fulltext Elite; Academic Search Complete; International Pharmaceutical Abstracts; PsycINFO; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews; National Guideline Clearinghouse; Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects; ClinicalTrials.gov; LexisNexis Academic Universe; and Google Scholar. Studies selected included those reporting pharmacist-provided care, comparison groups, and patient-related outcomes. Of these, 56,573 citations were considered. Data were extracted by multidisciplinary study review teams. Variables examined included study characteristics, pharmacists' interventions/services, patient characteristics, and study outcomes. Data for meta-analyses were extracted from randomized controlled trials meeting meta-analysis criteria..A total of 298 studies were included. Favorable results were found in therapeutic and safety outcomes, and meta-analyses conducted for hemoglobin A1c, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and adverse drug events were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care over comparative services. Results for humanistic outcomes were favorable with variability. Medication adherence, patient knowledge, and quality of life-general health meta-analyses were significant (P < 0.05), favoring pharmacists' direct patient care..Pharmacist-provided direct patient care has favorable effects across various patient outcomes, health care settings, and disease states. Incorporating pharmacists as health care team members in direct patient care is a viable solution to help improve US health care.
- Herrier, R. N., Palmer, J., Abraham, I., Chisholm-burns, M. A., Hall-lipsy, E., Lee, J. K., Slack, M. K., Spivey, C. A., & Zivin, J. S. (2010). Economic effects of pharmacists on health outcomes in the United States: A systematic review.. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, 67(19), 1624-34. doi:10.2146/ajhp100077More infoA systematic review examining the economic effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care on health outcomes in the United States was conducted..A comprehensive literature search was conducted using 13 academic and medical databases. Studies were included in the analysis if they described pharmacist-provided direct patient care, used comparison groups, evaluated economic outcomes, and were conducted in the United States. Outcome results were categorized as (1) favorable, indicating significant improvement as a result of pharmacists' interventions or services, (2) not favorable, indicating significant improvement as a result of nonpharmacist care, (3) mixed, having favorable results on one measure of a study variable but not favorable results or no effect on another, (4) having no effect, indicating no significant difference between pharmacists' interventions or services and the comparison, or (5) unclear, indicating the outcome could not be determined based on presented data..Of the 56,573 citations considered, a total of 126 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Results favoring pharmacist-provided care were found in 20 studies (15.9%), mixed results were seen in 53 studies (42.1%), no effect was found in 6 studies (4.8%), and unclear results were found in 47 studies (37.3%)..A majority of studies examining the economic effects of pharmacist-provided direct patient care in the United States were limited by their partial cost analyses, study design, and other analysis considerations. A majority of the 20 studies that found positive economic benefits examined pharmacists' interventions involving technical methods or multimodal approaches.
- Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., & Taylor, A. J. (2009). Ten lessons learned from conducting an adherence intervention trial. Patient Preference and Adherence, 3, 93-98.More infoAbstract: Clinical practice research provides a unique opportunity to care for a diverse patient population in various health care system settings. Federal study of Adherence to Medications in the Elderly (FAME) was the first prospective observational and randomized controlled trial to implement effective strategies to enhance medication adherence and health outcomes in older patients using polypharmacy. Ten lessons learned from conducting this adherence intervention trial are described: (1) Link the trial to existing clinical work, (2) Begin with a thorough understanding of medication adherence, (3) Ensure that trial highlights individualized intervention, (4) Tailor inclusion criteria and study duration to target population, (5) Employ a range of outcomes linked to meaningful clinical effects, (6) Win the support of the multidisciplinary team and the administration, (7) Promote team work, (8) Consider the potential limitations, (9) Seize the grant opportunities, and (10) Share the findings. © 2009 Lee et al.
- Taylor, A. J., Sullenberger, L. E., Lee, J. K., Lee, H. J., Grace, K. A., & Dawes, M. (2008). Measuring the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the primary care setting.. The Physician and sportsmedicine, 36(1), 129-31. doi:10.3810/psm.2008.12.22More infoThis study demonstrates the efficacy of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring to measure anti hypertensive effect. Original Article: White WB, Giles T, Bakris GL, Neutel JM, Davidai G, Weber MA. Measuring the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in the primary care setting. Am Heart J. 2006;151(1):176-184..anti hypertensive therapy; blood pressure; hypertension.
- Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., Foster, T. G., Crawley, M. J., Erowele, G. I., Sun, H. J., Turner, P. T., Sullenberger, L. E., & Taylor, A. J. (2007). How should we measure medication adherence in clinical trials and practice?. Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management, 3(4), 685-690.More infoPMID: 18472991;PMCID: PMC2374934;Abstract: Objective: To determine if simple adherence measures, such as twenty-four hour recall and refill history, are accurate for routine use, compared to more time-consuming measures such as pill counts. Design: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Setting: Walter Reed Army Medical Center, a tertiary medical center in Washington. Patients: Men and women >30 years old with known coronary heart disease and taking a statin medication. Intervention: Clinical pharmacists met with patients for adherence assessments. Main outcome measures: Adherence was measured by pill counts, twenty-four hour recall by patient, and refill history per computer record. Temporal changes in these adherence measures were assessed using general linear models for repeated measures. Results: Adherence was consistently greater for the experimental agent than for the statin therapy (n = 148). Mean pill count adherence for statin drug was 78.7 ± 25.2% compared to 93.5 ± 11.6% (P < 0.001) for the study agent. Refill history and twenty-four hour recall inaccurately measured adherence when compared to pill counts. Adherence, as determined by pill count, for both experimental (P = 0.029) and statin therapy (P = 0.015) showed significant variability across time in general linear models. Neither refill history nor twenty-four hour recall was sensitive to temporal changes. Conclusions: Twenty-four hour recall and refill history inaccurately measure medication adherence for both clinical trial and clinical practice pharmacotherapies. Further, these measures are insensitive to changes in adherence. For a single or multiple assessments across time, pill count more accurately measures medication adherence. Pill count should be the standard for monitoring medication adherence for both clinical trials and clinical practice. © 2007 Dove Medical Press Limited. All rights reserved.
- Taylor, A. J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2007). In reply [7]. Journal of the American Medical Association, 297(16), 1772-.
- Taylor, A. J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2007). Pharmacy Care Programs and Clinical Outcomes—Reply. JAMA, 297(16), 1771-1772. doi:10.1001/jama.297.16.1772-a
- Taylor, A. J., Mariotto, A., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2007). Pharmacy care programs and clinical outcomes. Authors' reply. JAMA, 297(16), 1771-1772.
- Taylor, A. J., Zhu, D., Sullenberger, L. E., Lee, H. J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2007). Relationship between glycemic status and progression of carotid intima-media thickness during treatment with combined statin and extended-release niacin in ARBITER 2. Vascular Health and Risk Management, 3(1), 159-164.More infoPMID: 17583186;PMCID: PMC1994036;Abstract: Background: We previously reported in a placebo-controlled study that extended-release niacin slowed the progression of carotid atherosclerosis when added to statin monotherapy. This analysis examines the relationship between glycemic status and the effects of niacin on common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and HDL cholesterol. Methods: Post-hoc, subgroup analysis of ARBITER 2, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of once-daily extended-release niacin (1000 mg) added to background statin therapy in 167 patients (mean age 67 years) with known coronary heart disease. The primary analysis was a comparison of the primary endpoint, the change in CIMT, between participants with either normal glycemic status, diabetes mellitus (DM) or the metabolic syndrome (MS). Results: Baseline cardiovascular risk variables were significantly worse in those with abnormal glycemic status, particularly among subjects with MS. Niacin increased HDL-C to a similar degree (∼20%) across normals, DM and MS. Placebo-treated patients had the greatest CIMT progression, regardless of glycemic status. The lowest progression rate was observed in niacin treated patients with normal glycemic status. Among all niacin treated subjects, there was a significant linear relationship between change in CIMT and change in HDL-C (r = -0.16; p = 0.05), which was of similar magnitude in subgroups with normal glycemic status (r = -0.23; p = 0.08) and DM (r = -0.22; p = 0.17). In those with MS, there was no relationship between changes in HDL and CIMT, (r = 0. 11; p = 0.44), whereas blood glucose was positive correlated to change in CIMT (r = 0.30; p = 0.04). In multivariable linear models controlling for MS characteristics and blood glucose changes, only the change in HDL independently predicted change in CIMT. Conclusions: During niacin treatment, increases in HDL-C are related to changes in CIMT in the setting of both normal glycemic status and diabetes mellitus. © 2007 Dove Medical Press Limited. All rights reserved.
- Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., & Taylor, A. J. (2006). Effect of a pharmacy care program on medication adherence and persistence, blood pressure, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 296(21), 2563-2571.More infoPMID: 17101639;Abstract: Context: Poor medication adherence diminishes the health benefits of pharmacotherapies. Elderly patients with coronary risk factors frequently require treatment with multiple medications, placing them at increased risk for nonadherence. Objective: To test the efficacy of a comprehensive pharmacy care program to improve medication adherence and its associated effects on blood pressure (BP) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Design, Setting, and Patients: A multiphase, prospective study with an observational phase and a randomized controlled trial conducted at the Walter Reed Army Medical Center of 200 community-based patients aged 65 years or older taking at least 4 chronic medications. The study was conducted from June 2004 to August 2006. Intervention: After a 2-month run-in phase (measurement of baseline adherence, BP, and LDL-C), patients entered a 6-month intervention phase (standardized medication education, regular follow-up by pharmacists, and medications dispensed in time-specific packs). Following the intervention phase, patients were randomized to continued pharmacy care vs usual care for an additional 6 months. Main Outcome Measures: Primary end point of the observation phase was change in the proportion of pills taken vs baseline; secondary end points were the associated changes in BP and LDL-C. Primary end point of the randomization phase was the between-group comparison of medication persistence. Results: Atotal of 200 elderly patients (77.1% men;mean[SD] age, 78 [8.3] years), taking a mean (SD) of 9 (3) chronic medications were enrolled. Coronary risk factors included drug-treated hypertension in184patients (91.5%)anddrug-treated hyperlipidemia in162 (80.6%). Mean (SD) baseline medication adherence was61.2%(13.5%). After 6 months of intervention, medication adherence increased to 96.9% (5.2%; P
- Lee, J. K., Grace, K. A., & Taylor, A. J. (2006). How should we measure medication adherence in clinical trials and practice?. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA., 46(4), 420, 423.More infoPMID: 16913381;
- Taylor, A. J., O'malley, P. G., Lee, J. K., Le, T., Grace, K. A., Feuerstein, I. M., Byrd, C., Bindeman, J., & Bauer, K. (2006). Abstract 3839: Does Screening for Coronary Calcium "Change Management"? Statin and Aspirin Use over 6-Years in the PACC Project. Circulation, 114.
- Taylor, A. J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2004). 882-5 Impact of food and drug administration safety relabeling of simvastatin within a large health care system. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 43(5), A529-A530. doi:10.1016/s0735-1097(04)92247-4
- Taylor, A. J., Sullenberger, L. E., Lee, H. J., Lee, J. K., & Grace, K. A. (2004). Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing cholesterol (ARBITER) 2: A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of extended-release niacin on atherosclerosis progression in secondary prevention patients treated with statins. Circulation, 110(23), 3512-3517.More infoPMID: 15537681;Abstract: Background - Niacin reduces coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality when taken either alone or in combination with statins; however, the incremental impact of adding niacin to background statin therapy is unknown. Methods and Results - This was a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study of once-daily extended-release niacin (1000 mg) added to background statin therapy in 167 patients (mean age 67 years) with known coronary heart disease and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C;
Proceedings Publications
- Azevedo, R. F., Nicholas, J. S., Lee, J. K., Insel, K., & Rogers, W. A. (2022, December). A Transdisciplinary Team Approach to Technology Development to Support Health and Wellbeing. . In Gerontological Society of American (GSA) Annual Scientific Meeting., 6, 310.
- Hincapie-Castillo, J. M., Gellad, W. F., Jones, B. L., Lee, J. K., Huang, J. L., Chang, C. Y., Wilson, D. L., Reisfield, G. M., Kwoh, C. K., Nguyen, K. A., Delcher, C., Harle, C. A., Ge, Y., Shorr, R. I., Marcum, Z., Yang, S. K., Huang, P. L., Adkins, L., & Lo-Ciganic, W. J. (2022, September). Dosing profiles of opioid and benzodiazepine use associated with risk of injurious falls among us medicare beneficiaries: Group-based multi-trajectory models. In 38th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology, 31, 53.
- Lee, J. K., Insel, K. C., Nicholas, J. S., Azevedo, R. F., & Rogers, W. A. (2022, October). A technology innovation to improve hypertension medication adherence for older adults.. In World Congress of Gerontechnology, 21, 3.
- Lee, J. K., Nicholas, J. S., Albadawi, A., & Insel, K. C. (2022, October). Developing Decision Support Algorithms for Use in a Digital Therapeutic System. . In World Congress of Gerontechnology, 21, 572.
- Lo-Ciganic, W. J., Yang, S. K., Chang, C. Y., Hincapie-Castillo, J. M., Gellad, W. F., Jones, B. L., Lee, J. K., Huang, J. L., Wilson, D. L., Reisfield, G. M., Kwoh, C. K., Nguyen, K. A., Delcher, C., Harle, C. A., Ge, Y., Shorr, R. I., Huang, P. L., & Adkins, L. (2022, September). Trajectories of Concurrent Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use and Associated Opioid Overdose Risk Among Arizona Medicaid Beneficiaries. In 38th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology, 31, 524.
- Axon, D. R., Slack, M., Barraza, L., Lee, J. K., & Warholak, T. (2020, May). Differences in healthcare expenditure between opioid and non-opioid users among a national sample of community-based older United States adults with pain, 2015. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting, 23, S227.
- Ding, M., Sadowski, C. A., Lee, J. K., & Bajorek, B. (2020, April). Best practices in geriatric pharmacy education: An international survey of exemplars.. In American Geriatrics Society Annual Scientific Meeting, 68, S316.
- Lee, J. K., McCutcheon, L., Fazel, M. T., Cooley, J. H., Saleh, A., & Slack, M. K. (2020, March). A systematic review and meta-analysis of impact of interprofessional team-based care on hypertension outcomes in primary care. In Annual meeting of the American Pharmacists Association, 60, e166-167.
- Lo-Ciganic, W. H., Wang, T., Ge, Y., Jones, B. L., Huang, J. L., Reisfield, G., Lee, J. K., Kwoh, C. K., Castillo, J. H., Delcher, P. C., Chang, C. Y., Wilson, D., & Gellad, W. F. (2020, May). Association between Dose and Duration Patterns of Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use and Risk of Overdose among US Medicare Beneficiaries: A Group-Based Multi-Trajectory Model.. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting, 23, S204-205.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Knapp, S., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., Patanwala, A., Vadiei, N., Lo Ciganic, W., & Burke, W. J. (2019, November). Healthcare Expenditure Associated with Adherence to Antidepressant Medication Management Measures During Acute and Continuous Phases of Depression Treatment among Older Adults with Dementia and Depressive Disorder.. In ISPOR, 11, S740.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., Patanwala, A., Vadiei, N., Knapp, S., Lo Ciganic, W., & Burke, W. J. (2019, May). Extent and Factors Associated with Adherence to Appropriate Antidepressant Treatment during Acute and Continuation Phase Depression Treatment among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder.. In ISPOR, A287, Supplement 2.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S., Lo Ciganic, W., & Burke, W. J. (2019, May). Health Outcomes Associated with Adherence to Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS) Antidepressant Medication Management Measures during Acute and Continuation Phases of Depression Treatment among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder.. In ISPOR, 22, S270.
- Wang, T., Ge, Y., Gellad, W. F., Huang, J. L., Reisfield, G., Lee, J. K., Delcher, P. C., Hincapie-Castillo, J. M., Kwoh, C. K., & Lo-Ciganic, W. (2019, August). Dual trajectories of opioid and benzodiazepine use and risk of opioid overdose among US Medicare beneficiaries.. In ICPE, 28, 324.
- Axon, D. R., Augustine, J., Warholak, T., & Lee, J. K. (2018, May). A rasch analysis of student pharmacists’ attitudes towards herbal medications. Value In Health. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting, 21, S117.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Burke, W. S., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., & Lo-Ciganic, W. H. (2018, May). Extent and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Antidepressant Use among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting, 21, S189.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Patanwala, A. E., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S. M., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., Warholak, T., & Burke, W. J. (2018, May). Comparison of All-cause Mortality and All-cause Hospitalization Risk for Medications to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) 23rd Annual International Meeting, 21, S204.
- Blocker, K. A., Insel, K. C., Lee, J. K., Nie, Q., Ajuwon, A., & Rogers, W. A. (2018). User insights for design of an antihypertensive medication management application. In 62nd Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, HFES 2018, 2.More infoHypertension is the most common chronic disease affecting older adults (65+) in the United States. Unfortunately, many struggle to adhere to their antihypertensive medications as only about half diagnosed with the disease have it controlled. Therefore, there is a need for designing supportive medication management systems to aid this population with their antihypertensive medications, especially using increasingly adopted technologies such as smartphones. The preferences of older adults with hypertension must be considered when designing such systems for this population. Six older adults participated in structured interviews to inform the design of the Medication Education, Decision Support, Reminding and Monitoring System (MEDSReM). Results revealed management needs, design insights, and reminder preferences, as well as mostly positive opinions regarding technology use for medication management. These findings informed the development of MEDSReM with the goal of supporting older adults in successfully managing their antihypertensive medications.
- Campbell, A., Axon, D. R., Martin, J., Slack, M., & Lee, J. K. (2018, Spring). Melatonin for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. In American Geriatric Society, 66, S251.
- Lee, J. K., Spencer, J., & Tomasa, L. (2018, May). Didactic + Experiential Course to Enhance Aging Competencies. In American Geriatrics Society, 66, S71.
- Lo-Ciganic, W., Zhou, L., Donohue, J. M., Roubal, A., Hines, L., Lindemann, J., Malone, D., Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., & Kwoh, K. (2018, May). Geographic variation of high-risk opioid use and risk of overdose among disabled Medicare beneficiaries in the US from 2011-2015. In International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) 23rd Annual International Meeting, 21, S270.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., Lee, J. K., & Lee, J. K. (2016, May). Effectiveness of an Interactive Approach to Educate Older Adults and Caregivers on Alzheimer’s Disease. In American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Scientific Meeting.
- Blaszczyk, A. T., Estus, E., Brodeur, M., Bouwneester, C., Lee, J. K., Emptage, P., Mahan, R., Niehoff, K., Slattum, P., & Vouri, S. (2015, October). Developing a geriatric pharmacy curriculum guide, 3rd edition.. In Consult Pharm, 30, 564.
- Henry, N., Huynh, S., Kaitschuck, A., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Observations of geriatric medication management in home through an ASCP Student Chapter and Mobile Meals partnership.. In Consult Pharm, 30, 566.
- Lee, J. K., Nguyen, S., & Yano, B. (2015, October). Effects of an Educational intervention on hypertension and cardiovascular health awareness among community-dwelling older adults.. In Consult Pharm., 30, 565.
- Nguyen, S., Yano, B., Lee, J. K., & Lee, J. K. (2014, December). Effects of an Educational Intervention on Hypertension and Cardiovascular Health Awareness Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. In ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting.
- Chau, B., Vo, T., Yuan-lee, L., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., Martin, J. R., Martin, J. R., & Slack, M. K. (2013, December). Using Meta-Analysis to Explore the Factors Affecting the Potency of Pharmacists’ Patient Interventions. In ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting.
- Makadia, N., Shah, A., Shah, A., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., Shah, A. K., & Shah, A. K. (2013, July). The Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs Regarding Geriatric Care among Student Pharmacists. In Annual Meeting of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, 77, 79-80.
- Hanauer, C. N., Schiefer, D., Tanner, N. E., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., Herrier, R. N., & Herrier, R. N. (2012, December). Student Confidence and Knowledge Pre and Post a Capstone Course. In ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting.
- Jehle, K., Brown, O., Slack, M., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., & Slack, M. K. (2012, December). Efficacy of alendronate and risedronate on bone mineral density in men with osteoporosis or osteopenia: a meta-analysis. In ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting.
- Loui, J. A., Mezdo, A., Patel, N., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., & Loui, J. A. (2012). Pharmacy Student Perceptions on Geriatric Quality of Life. In ASHP Midyear Meeting.
- Phoebe, E., Pasteur, J., Slack, M., Lee, J. K., Lee, J. K., & Slack, M. K. (2012, December). Fracture Risk with Bisphosphonate Use versus Concurrent Proton Pump Inhibitor and Bisphosphonate Use: A Systematic Review and Meta- Analysis. In ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting.
Presentations
- Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, February).
“Prevention – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, January).
“Continuum of Care for Older Adults and the Age-Friendly Health System – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, March).
“Age Friendly Health System: Focusing on What Matters Most – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, May).
“Assistive Technologies, Mobile Health, and Telehealth – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, May).
“Patient Priorities Care: Getting to the Heart of What Matters Most – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, November).
“Non-Medical Behavioral Management Interventions in Dementia – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, October).
“Artificial Intelligence and Older Adult Health – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Fain, M. J., Lee, J. K., & Lacasse, C. L. (2025, September).
"Identification and Management of Opioid Use Disorder in Older Adults – Interprofessional Panel”
. Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Online: AZ-Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (GWEP). - Lee, J. K. (2025, March).
Aging Mastery Program®: Medication Management
. Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). PCOA Healthy Aging Center: PCOA. - Lee, J. K. (2025, May).
CHW-Pharmacist Partnership to Improve Medication Management
. American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Scientific Meeting. Chicago, IL: American Geriatrics Society.More infoIn Gleason L, Zavala E, Kroplewski R, Hannah S, Lee JK.∞ Engaging Community Health Workers in 4Ms Care for Older Adults. Symposium. - Lee, J. K. (2025, October).
"Medications and Falls"
. Falls Prevention Fair. Tucson Chinese Cultural Center: Banner Health and University of Arizona College of Medicine. - Lee, J. K., Phuntsog, T., Prakash, V., Shaw, S. J., Huebner Torres, C., Granillo, A. B., Korchmaros, J., & Luskov, T. (2025, June).
Considering social support for chronic disease management among Vietnamese Americans
. The International Refugee and Migration Health Conference. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Society of Refugee Healthcare Providers. - Phuntsog, T. D., Lee, J. K., Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J. D., Derose, K. P., Aulino, F., & Shaw, S. J. (2025, November).
Patchworking social support among Vietnamese Americans for Chronic Disease Self-Management
. APHA 2025 Annual Meeting and Expo. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association. - Phuntsog, T., Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J., Huebner-Torres, C., & Shaw, S. J. (2025, November).
Considering social support for medication adherence among Vietnamese Americans.
. APHA Annual Meeting and Expo. Washington, D.C.: American Public Health Association. - Azevedo, R. F., Insel, K. C., Mitzner, T. L., Morrow, D. G., Nicholas, J. S., Rogers, W. A., & Lee, J. K. (2024, March). Guidance for implementation of health technology interventions. International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care. Chicago, IL., USA: Human Factors and Ergonomic Society.
- Fain, M., Lee, J. K., & LaCasse, C. (2024, August). “Interprofessional Panel Discussion for Introduction to the Arizona Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (AZ-GWEP)” . Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Tucson, AZ.: Arizona Center on Aging.
- Fain, M., Lee, J. K., & LaCasse, C. (2024, November). “Mentation: Dementia, Depression, Anxiety, and Delirium – Interprofessional Panel” . Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Tucson, AZ.: AZ-GWEP, Arizona Center on Aging.
- Fain, M., Lee, J. K., & LaCasse, C. (2024, October). “The Medicare Annual Wellness Visit and the 4Ms – Interprofessional Panel” . Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Tucson, AZ.: AZ-GWEP, Arizona Center on Aging.
- Fain, M., Lee, J. K., & LaCasse, C. (2024, September). “Introduction to the Arizona Geriatrics Workforce Enhancement Program (AZ-GWEP) – Interprofessional Panel” . Geriatric Grand Rounds/Advances in Aging Lecture Series. Tucson, AZ.: AZ-GWEP, Arizona Center on Aging.
- Hale, T. M., Azevedo, R. F., Baby, E., Warren, T. S., Insel, K. C., Lee, J. K., Rogers, W. A., & Mudar, R. A. (2024, March). Setting up for Success: Usability Testing in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment. International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care. Chicago, IL, USA: Human Factors and Ergonomic Society.
- Hale, T. M., Warren, T. S., Baby, E., Azevedo, R. F., Shim, J., Insel, K. C., Lee, J. K., Rogers, W. A., & Mudar, R. A. (2024, September). Simplifying a Medication Adherence App for Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment. 2024 ASPIRE Conference. Phoenix, AZ, USA.: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Insel, K. C., Rogers, W. A., Lee, J. K., & Mudar, R. (2024, April). Supporting Self-Management of Medications in Persons Living with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Global Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International. Kraków, Poland: Alzheimer’s Disease International.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, February). “Pharmacist-Led Research in Medication Adherence” . Seminar for Meijo University, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, and the University of Shizuoka, Japan. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona, RKC COP.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, June). “Pharmacist-Led Research in Medication Adherence” . TRIVE MSTEM Program. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona, College of Medicine-Tucson.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, March). Aging Mastery Program®: Medication Management . Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). PCOA Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, September). Aging Mastery Program®: Medication Management . Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). PCOA Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, September). Safe Use of OTC Medications in Older Adults. Kol Ami Congregation Senior Hour. Tucson, AZ: Kol Ami Synagogue.
- Lee, J. K. (2024, September). Medications & Falls. Falls Prevention Summit. Tucson Chinese Cultural Center: U of A College of Medicine-Tucson, Department of Trauma.
- Lee, J. K., & Parik, T. (2024, February). Women in Science: Healthcare and Research. WISE Launching Your Career Symposium. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona.
- Lee, J. K., Azevedo, R. F., Nicholas, J. S., Hale, T. M., Insel, K. C., & Rogers, W. A. (2024, September). Designing, Implementing, and Testing Decision Support for a Digital Therapeutic System to Improve Medication Adherence for Older Adults. 2024 ASPIRE Conference. Phoenix, AZ, USA.: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Lee, J. K., Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J., Prakash, V., Granillo, A. B., & Shaw, S. J. (2024, October). MI-care (My Interprofessional Care team for Adherence Research and Engagement): A pharmacist-CHW partnership intervention to improve hypertension equity . American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Conference. Minneapolis, MN: APHA.
- Prakash, V., Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J., Granillo, A. B., Ruth, B., Langlois, M., Maldonado, C. E., Rodriguez, W., Cruz, S., Nguyen, V., English, F., Dorney, T., Shaw, S. J., & Lee, J. K. (2024, October). Bridging gaps and building trust: Integrating the complex dual-role of community health workers as drivers to medication adherence research and culturally responsive team-based care in a federally qualified health center. American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Conference. Minneapolis, MN: APHA.
- Rogers, W. A., Mudar, R., Lee, J. K., & Insel, K. C. (2024, September). Developing a Mobile Health Medication Self-Management System for Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment.. World Conference of Gerontechnology. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: International Society of Gerontechnology.
- Warren, T., Albuquerque, N., Baby, E., Azevedo, R., Mathias, V., Hale, T., Insel, K. C., Lee, J. K., Rogers, W. A., & Mudar, R. (2024, April). Needs Assessment for a Digital Medication Self-Management Tool for Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment.. Global Conference of Alzheimer’s Disease International. Kraków, Poland: Alzheimer’s Disease International.
- Huebner Torres, C., Prakash, V., Lee, J. K., English, F., Korchmaros, J. D., Granillo, A. B., & Shaw, S. J. (2023, October). Federally qualified health center (FQHC) “real world” research partnerships: Lessons learned from conducting a practice-based randomized controlled trial with a long-standing community-academic partnership. . American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting & Expo. Atlanta, GA: APHA.
- Lee, J. K. (2023, April). “Medication Management” . Aging Mastery Program® - Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2023, May). Digital therapeutic system for self-management of hypertension in older adults. . American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Scientific Meeting. Long Beach, CA: AGS.
- Lee, J. K. (2023, October). “Medication Management” . Aging Mastery Program® - Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2023, September). Medication Adherence Perspective from Pharmacy . Kinesiology and Community Health Colloquium. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.
- Lee, J. K. (2023, September). Safe Use of OTC Medications in Older Adults. Community Talks – Himmel Park Library. Tucson, AZ: Himmel Park Library.
- Lee, J. K., Cleveland, M. J., & Patel, T. (2023, May). Technology for Medication Management and Adherence in Older Adults: Evidence and Research for Clinical Practice. . American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Scientific Meeting. Long Beach, CA: AGS.
- Lee, J. K., Huebner Torres, C., Langlois, M., Rodriguez, W., Phuntsog, T. D., & Shaw, S. J. (2023, October). Pharmacy, public health, and FQHC partnership to improve medication adherence for low-income underrepresented populations with hypertension through My Interprofessional Care team for Adherence and Research Engagement (MI-CARE).. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo. Atlanta, GA: APHA.
- Hirsch, J. D., Lee, J. K., & Lemay, G. (2022, July). Integrative Health Competencies: Three Curricular/Co-curricular Implementation Approaches. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Annual Meeting. Grapevine, TX: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2022, April). “Age-Friendly Health Systems 4Ms: Medication” . Geriatric Grand Rounds Aging Lecture Series. Virtual: The Arizona Center on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2022, January). “Hypertension Medication Adherence for Older Adults and Low-Income Minority Patients” . Research Grand Challenges in Healthy Aging Virtual Workshop. Virtual: The University of Arizona Health Science Strategic Initiative 3.3.
- Lee, J. K. (2022, January). “Innovative Strategies for Healthy Aging through Community Pharmacies” . Innovations in Healthy Aging Sneak Preview. Virtual: The University of Arizona Health Science Strategic Initiative 3.3.
- Lee, J. K. (2022, October). “Medication Management” . Aging Mastery Program® - Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2022, September). “Geriatric Care in Ambulatory Care Clinics”. 2022 Saudi Society of Clinical Pharmacy (SSCP) Annual International Conference. Virtual: SSCP.
- Lee, J. K., & Alsabani, B. (2022, April). “Medication Management” . Aging Mastery Program® - Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Healthy Aging Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, April). Medication Management. PCOA Aging Mastery Program - Virtual. Tucson, AZ: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, February). “Picture a Scientist” Faculty/Staff Discussion. UArizona Cancer Center Post-screening Panel Discussion. Virtual: UArizona Cancer Center.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, November). Polypharmacy and Medication Safety. Interprofessional Student Clinic on Medication Safety at the St. Luke’s Home. St. Luke’s Home: UArizona Interprofessional Students and St. Luke's Assisted Living Home.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, October). Medication Management. PCOA Aging Mastery Program - Virtual. Healthy Aging Center, Tucson, AZ: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, October). Pharmacotherapy Update and Deprescribing. Arizona Geriatrics Society Fall Conference. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Geriatrics Society.
- Lee, J. K. (2021, September). Study Less, Study Smart: Evidence-Based Study Strategies. College Hour. Drachman Hall, College of Pharmacy: The UArizona College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K., & Kennedy, A. (2021, February). Professionalism and Academic Integrity. Pharmacy Resident Scholars in Teaching and Learning (PRSTL). Virtual: UA College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K., & Rogers, W. (2021, November). An Interdisciplinary Collaboration to Improve Hypertension Medication Adherence for Older Adults.. Gerontological Society of America Annual Scientific Meeting. Virtual: Gerontological Society of America.
- Lee, J. K., Fazel, M., & Reed-Kane, D. (2021, October). Pharmacy Professional Panel. Pre-Pharmacy Club Panel Discussion. Drachman Hall, College of Pharmacy, Tucson, AZ: Pre-Pharmacy Club.
- Lee, J. K., Hart, L. A., & Bouwmeester, C. (2021, May). Pharmacotherapy Update. American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Meeting. Virtual: American Geriatrics Society.
- Lee, J. K., Nathan, K., Hirano, A., & Morone, N. (2021, May). Non-Pharmacologic Pain Management Strategies: Use of Supplements, Cannabidiol (CBD), and Mind-Body Therapies. American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Annual Meeting. Virtual: American Geriatrics Society.
- Lee, J. K., Nicholas, J. S., Albadawi, A., & Insel, K. C. (2021, November). Interdisciplinary Team for MEDSReM© and Decision Support through Pharmacology of Aging Principles. Gerontological Society of America Annual Scientific Meeting. Virtual: Gerontological Society of America.
- Lee, J. K., Noureldin, M., & Sadowski, C. A. (2021, February). Opportunities in Geriatric Pharmacy Research: From Patient Care and Classroom to Scholarship. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) Webinar. Virtual: AACP Geriatric Pharmacy Special Interest Group.
- Lee, J. K., Tomasa, L., & Tang, A. (2021, April). Faculty Advisory Panel Discussion. Pre-Health Asian Pacific American Medical Student Association (APAMSA) Meeting. Virtual: The University of Arizona.
- Lee, J. K. (2020, January). Introduction to Complementary & Integrative Health Approaches in Complementary & Integrative Health Modalities: Missing Elements in Pharmaceutical Value Equation?. 16th Applied Pharmacoeconomic and Outcomes Research Forum. Irvine, CA: University of California Irvine.
- Lee, J. K. (2020, November). Medication Management. PCOA Aging Mastery Program - Virtual. Tucson, AZ: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, April). A Journey from an Immigrant Girl to a Pharmacist, Educator and Researcher. Asian Pacific American Heritage Month Speaker Series. University of Arizona, Tucson: Office of Diversity and Inclusion at the University of Arizona Health Sciences.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, April). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program®. Udall Regional Center, Tucson: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, February). Geriatric Practice & Teaching. Osaka University Visitation. University of Arizona College of Pharmacy: Pharmacy Practice & Science International Programs.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, November). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program®. Casas Adobes Congregational Church, Tucson: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, November). Medications and the Risk of Falls. Fall Prevention Coalition Series. Picture Rocks Community Center, Tucson: Southern Chapter of the Arizona Falls Prevention Coalition - Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2019, September). Polypharmacy and Medication Safety. Interprofessional Student Geriatric Screening Clinic. Tucson, AZ: St. Luke’s Assisted Living Home and University of Arizona Health Science.
- Lee, J. K., & Fosnight, S. (2019, April). Innovative Collaboration for Successful Research. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Geriatric Pharmacy Special Interest Group WebinarAmerican Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K., & Insel, K. (2019, January). Strengthening Capacity among Older Adults Using Environmental Supports. Human Performance Network Meeting. Tucson, AZ: UA Human Performance Network.
- Vadiei, N., Howe, C. L., Zerr, B., Ladziak, N., Fain, M. J., & Lee, J. K. (2019, March). Psychotropic medication use patterns in home-based primary care: a systematic review. American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry's 2019 Annual Meeting. Atlanta, Georgia: American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry.
- Kwoh, C. K., Lee, J. K., Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Lindermann, J., Hines, L., Roubal, A., Donohue, J., Zhou, L., Gellad, W. F., & Lo Ciganic, W. H. (2018, May). Geographic Variation of High-Risk Opioid Use and Risk of Overdose among Disabled Medicare Beneficiaries in the US from 2011 to 2015. ISPOR 23rd Annual International Meeting. Baltimore, MD, USA: ISPOR.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, January). Perspectives in Aging & Advanced Patient Care Courses. Osaka University and Tokushima University in Japan Visiting Team. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, July). My Vision for Office of Student Services. Assistant Dean Interview. UA College of Pharmacy: UACOP.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, March). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program®, Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Randolph Recreation Center: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, November). Polypharmacy and Medication Safety. Interprofessional Student Medication Safety Clinic. Tucson, AZ: St. Luke’s Assisted Living Home.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, November). Visioning. Fall Leadership Conference 2018. Tucson, Arizona: Phi Lambda Sigma Leadership Society.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, October). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program®, Pima Council on Aging (PCOA). Resurrection Lutheran Church: PCOA.
- Lee, J. K. (2018, October). Student Services for Better Science, Better Health. COP National Advisory Board Meeting. Tucson, AZ: UA COP.
- Lee, J. K., Janke, K. K., & Cain, J. (2018, July). Educational Scholarship: Strategies for Enhancing Publication Productivity. American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Annual Meeting. Boston, MA: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
- Lo-Ciganic, W., Zhou, L., Donohue, J. M., Roubal, A., Hines, L., Lindemann, J., Malone, D., Bhattacharjee, S., Lee, J. K., & Kwoh, K. (2018, May). Geographic variation of high-risk opioid use and risk of overdose among disabled Medicare beneficiaries in the US from 2011-2015. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) 23rd Annual International Meeting. Baltimore, MD: International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR).
- Williams, V. S., Lee, J. K., Huebner Torres, C., Totman, M., & Shaw, S. (2018, March). A Clinical Pharmacist-led Interdisciplinary Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Program within a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). American Pharmacist Association Annual Meeting.
- Williams, V. S., Lee, J. K., Huebner Torres, C., Totman, M., & Shaw, S. J. (2018, March). A Clinical Pharmacist-led Interdisciplinary Medication Therapy Management (MTM) Program within a Federally Qualified Health Center (FQHC). American Pharmacist Association Annual Meeting. Nashville, TN: American Pharmacist Association.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Goldstone, L., Lee, J. K., & Burke, W. J. (2017, May). Depression Screening Among Older Adults Without Depression in Ambulatory Settings in United States. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting.
- Burke, W. J., Lee, J. K., Goldstone, L. W., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2017, May). Depression Screening Among Older Adults without Depression in Ambulatory Settings in United States. PODIUM presentation at the ISPOR 22nd Annual International Meeting. Boston, MA, USA.
- Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J., Lee, J. K., Jackson, M., Totman, M., & Shaw, S. (2017, Nov). Association between depression and medication adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo.
- Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J., Lee, J. K., Totman, M., Shaw, S., & Bertone-Johnson, E. (2017, June). Association between Food Insecurity and Medication Adherence among Diverse, Low-income Patients with Chronic Disease at a Community Health Center. 50th Society for Epidemiologic Research Anniversary Meeting.
- Huebner-Torres, C., Korchmaros, J. D., Lee, J. K., Totman, M., Jackson, M., & Shaw, S. (2017, November). Association between depression and medication adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease as a community health center. American Public Health Association annual conference. Atlanta, Georgia.
- Lee, J. K. (2017, April). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program®, Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2017, April). Person-Centered Medication Management & Integrative Health. Arizona Geriatrics Society Spring Conference.
- Lee, J. K. (2017, April). Polypharmacy and Medication Safety. Interprofessional Geriatric Screening Clinic at St. Luke’s Assisted Living Home.
- Lee, J. K. (2017, July). Teaching Opportunities: Interprofessional Education, OSCE/CSA Facilitation, and Co-Curriculum Precepting. UA-BUMC Resident Orientation.
- Lee, J. K. (2017, June). Developing and Framing a Research Question. SAVAHCS Residency Orientation.
- Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J., Huebner Torres, C., Totman, M., & Shaw, S. (2017, Oct). Health literacy, medication adherence and provider/pharmacist interaction among low income, culturally-diverse patients. International Conference on Communication in Healthcare & Health Literacy Annual Research Conference (ICCH & HARC).
- Lo Ciganic, W. H., Westra, J., Bell, M. L., Lindermann, J., Lee, J. K., Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Hines, L., Roubal, A., Donohue, J. M., Gellad, W. F., Kwoh, C. K., & Zhou, L. (2017, May). Geographic Variation of Inappropriate Prescription Opioid Use Among Disabled Medicare Beneficiaries. PODIUM presentation at the ISPOR 22nd Annual International Meeting. Boston, MA, USA.
- Lo-Cignic, W., Gellad, W. F., Donohue, J., Zhou, L., Roubal, A. M., Hines, L., Lindemann, J., Lee, J. K., Malone, D. C., Bhattacharjee, S., & Kwoh, C. K. (2017, May). Geographic Variation of Inappropriate Prescription Opioid Use Among Disabled Medicare Beneficiaries. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting.
- Nguyen, S., Le, D., Allison, K., & Lee, J. K. (2017, July). Anticholinergic Medication Use and Community-Acquired Pneumonia Risk in an Older Veteran Population. 21st International Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics (IAGG) World Congress.
- Stocker-Cioltan, H., Alshehri, S., Lee, J. K., Mohler, J., & Fain, M. (2017, March). Variation in Use of Antipsychotic Medications in U.S. Nursing Homes. Advanced in Aging Lecture. Kiewit Auditorium, University of Arizona Cancer Center: Arizona Center on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, Feb). Sound Asleep: Medications & Behavioral Strategies for Sleep in Older Adults. Southwest Clinical Seminar. Tucson, AZ: Arizona Pharmacy Association.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, March). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program. Freedom Recreation Center: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, May). PA4LE: Preventing Avoidable Admissions Among Assisted Living Elders Program. Tideswell, AGS, ADGAP Emerging Leaders in Aging Program. Long Beach, CA: American Geriatrics Society and Tideswell at UCSF.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, November). First, Do No Harm: Prevent Iatrogenesis and Avoid Polypharmacy. Arizona Geriatrics Society Fall Symposium. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Geriatrics Society.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, October). Medication Management. Aging Mastery Program. St. Mark's United Methodist Church: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, October). Seniors Stand Tall Pharmacy Session. Seniors Stand Tall. BUMC-South Abrams Building.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, September). Clinical Pharmacy Research. Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Graduate Student Seminar. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2016, September). Pharmacy Practice Research. Pharmacy Practice Department Research Workshop. NEOMED, Ohio: North East Ohio Medical University (NEOMED) Pharmacy Practice Department.
- Lee, J. K., & Sanguineti, A. (2016, August). Pharmacotherapy and Aging. Medical Resident Teaching Series in Geriatrics. Banner-UMC-Tucson: UA College of Medicine.
- Lee, J. K., Torres, C. H., Shaw, S., Korchmoros, J., & Totman, M. (2016, April). Public Insurance Cost Control and Medication Adherence at a Massachusetts Clinic. Society for Applied Anthropology Annual Meeting. Vancouver, BC, Canada: Society for Applied Anthropology.
- Lee, J. K., Zhou, R., Vaughn, C., & Wong, W. (2016, May). Assessing an interactive approach to educate older adults and caregivers on Alzheimer’s disease. 2016 American Geriatrics Society (AGS) Education Product Showcase at the Annual Scientific Meeting. Long Beach, CA: AGS.
- Alshehri, S., & Lee, J. K. (2015, May). Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding from concurrent use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in geriatric population. Western States Residency Conference. San Diego, CA.
- Blaszczyk, A., Estus, E., Lee, J. K., Brodeur, M., & Emptage, c. (2015, October). Using the New ASCP Geriatric Pharmacy Curriculum Guide: A Brand New Approach to Seeking Professional Competency in Geriatrics. American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Annual Meeting. Las Vegas, NV.
- Huebner Torres, C. I., Shaw, S., Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J., Totman, M., Dhakal, S., & Hilton, A. (2015, November). Association between social stress and medication adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center. 143rd American Public Health Association Meeting. Chicago, IL.
- Huebner Torres, C. I., Totman, M., Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J., Dhakal, S., Hilton, A., & Shaw, S. (2015, October). Cultural and translation challenges in assessing health literacy in four language groups: The RxHL study. Health Literacy Research Conference (HARC). Boston, MA.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, April). Sound Asleep: Medications and Behavioral Strategies for Sleep in Older Adults. Arizona Geriatrics Society Spring Conference. Tucson, AZ.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, August). Opportunities for involvement: Interprofessional education, teaching and other student activities. Pharmacy Resident Scholars in Teaching and Learning (PRSTL). Tucson, AZ: UA College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Medication Management. PCOA Aging Mastery Program at Armory Park Active Adult Center. Tucson, AZ: Pima Council on Aging.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Polypharmacy Assessment Clinic. Interprofessional Education & Practice – St. Luke’s Home (IPEP-SLH) Monthly Clinic. Tucson, AZ: Arizona Center on Aging and St. Luke's Home.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, September). Delirium in Older Patients. BUMCT Pharmacy Clinical Staff Education. Tucson, AZ: BUMCT.
- Lee, J. K. (2015, September). Developing Core Competencies for Interprofessional Integrative Healthcare Education: An Example from Pharmacy Education and Practice. Collaborating Across Borders (CAB) V. Roanoke, VA.
- Lee, J. K., & Sanguineti, V. A. (2015, August). Pharmacotherapy and Aging. Banner-University Medical Center Medical Residents Group Seminar. Tucson, AZ: BUMCT.
- Lee, J. K., Insel, K., Einstein, G., & Morrow, D. (2015, August). Opportunities for Technology: Translating an Efficacious Intervention to Improve Medication Adherence among Older Adults. Human-Computer Interaction International Conference 2015. Los Angeles, CA: HCII.
- Lee, J. K., Mohler, J., & Heasley, B. (2015, July). Building an Academic Assisted Living Center: Students and Elders Caring for Each Other. Intergenerational Action on a Global Scale. Honolulu, Hawaii: USDA Division of Family and Consumer Sciences.
- Mohler, J., Heasley, B., Lee, J. K., Goldsmith, P., & Parikh, T. (2015, March). Building an Academic Assisted Living Center IPEP Program Partnership. Association for Gerontology in Higher Education. Long Beach, CA: AGHE.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Green Valley Forum. Green Valley, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Patient and Caregiver Forum, Desert Hills Lutheran Church. Green Valley, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Patients and Caregiver Forum, Donna Liggins Center. Tucson, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Patients and Caregiver Forum, El Pueblo Senior Center. Tucson, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Patients and Caregiver Forum, Fred Archer Center. Tucson, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. Patients and Caregiver Forum, TMC Senior Services. Tucson, AZ.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, October). Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: Facts and Information to Help You Understand. The Inspired Living Institute of La Posada. Green Valley, AZ.
- Lee, J. K. (2014, August). Sound Asleep: Medications for Sleep in Older Adults. Arizona Center Aging's Advances in Aging Lecture Series. UAMC - South Campus.
- Lee, J. K. (2014, July). Geriatric Patient Care by US Pharmacists in Healthcare Teams: Evidence to Practice, Training and Research. AACP Annual Meeting. Grapevine, TX: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2014, October). Polypharmacy in Older Adults & Beers Criteria Update. Bridgeway Health Solutions, Inc. Provider Group Meeting. Phoenix, AZ.
- Lee, J. K., & Mohler, J. (2014, May). Interprofessional Elder Care Provider Fact Sheets. AGS Annual Scientific Meeting. Orlando, FL: American Geriatrics Society.
- Lee, J. K., Nguyen, T., & Fuller, K. (2014, March). Caring for Aging Adults: Maximize Impact with Latest Guidelines. 47th Annual Southwestern Clinical Pharmacy Seminar. Tucson, AZ: Arizona Pharmcy Association.
Poster Presentations
- Nwobodo, D., Azares, J., Lee, M., Nelson, J. K., Insel, K. C., & Lee, J. K. (2025, December).
Linking beliefs and literacy: Navigating hypertension care in older adults.
. 2025 ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. Las Vegas, NV: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. - Velasco, C., Schelwat, K., Javellana, J., John, D., Jinon, R., & Lee, J. K. (2025, December).
One Step Ahead: A targeted approach to fall prevention in community-dwelling older adults
. 2025 ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. Las Vegas, NV: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. - Azevedo, R. F., Zaman, S., Vuyyuru, P., Olatunji, S., Insel, K. C., Lee, J. K., Nicholas, J. S., & Rogers, W. A. (2024, August). Integrating medication adherence measures in clinical research trials with older adults’ strategies. The American Psychological Association (APA). Seattle, WA: APA.
- Dando, S., Jaramillo, M., Machado, A., Santos, I., & Lee, J. K. (2024, May). Assessing the impact of e-learning modalities used during the COVID-19 pandemic on student confidence to conduct patient interviews. College of Pharmacy Poster Presentation. Virtual: The University of Arizona RKC COP.
- Ding, M., Sadowski, C. A., Lee, J. K., & Bajorek, B. (2024, June). Best practices in geriatrics pharmacy education: An international survey of exemplars.. Canadian Pharmacy Education and Research Conference. Quebec City, Canada: Association of Faculties of Pharmacy of Canada.
- Bhakta, K., Gomez, S., Patel, R., Lee, J. K., & Reiher, L. (2023, July). Perceived effectiveness of different interview modalities for pharmacy student admission. AACP Annual Meeting. Aurora, CO: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.
- Alvarez, N. A., Duchnowski, E., Burke, A., & Lee, J. K. (2022, May). UArizona PharmD students’ knowledge about land grant universities and attitudes about land acknowledgement for development of a land grant acknowledgment statement for UArizona R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy. Senior Project Virtual Poster Session - 2022. Zoom Platform: R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy.
- Azevedo, R. F., Nicholas, J. S., Insel, K. C., Rogers, W. A., & Lee, J. K. (2022, September). MEDSReM©: A technology innovation to improve hypertension medication adherence for older adults – learning the needs of Latino communities in the Americas . International Conference on Aging in the Americas. Chicago, IL: International Society of Aging Americas.
- Goldberg, A., Slack, M., Pham, T., Wei, D., Martin, J., & Lee, J. K. (2021, July). Prevention of Memory Decline in Older Adults Using Leisure Activities: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.. Pharmacy Education 2021: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Annual Meeting. Virtual: American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy.More infoReceived Student Poster Honorable Mention
- Lee, J. K., McCutcheon, L., Fazel, M. T., Cooley, J. H., Saleh, A., & Slack, M. K. (2020, March). A systematic review and meta-analysis of impact of interprofessional team-based care on hypertension outcomes in primary care. American Pharmacists Association (APhA) Annual Meeting. Virtual: American Pharmacists Association (APhA).
- Shaw, S. J., Lee, J. K., Torres, C. H., Totman, M., & Korchmaros, J. (2020, October). “My medicine speaks for itself”: Medication adherence among low-income community health center patients with chronic illness. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting Virtual Poster Session. Virtual: American Public Health Association.
- Wei, D., Pham, T., Goldberg, A., Martin, J., Slack, M., & Lee, J. K. (2020, May). Prevention of memory decline in older adults with mild cognitive impairment using leisure activities: A systematic review. American College of Clinical Pharmacy Virtual Poster Symposium. Virtual: American College of Clinical Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K., Fain, M., Ladziak, N. A., Zerr, B., Howe, C., & Vadiei, N. (2019, March). Psychotropic medication use patterns in home-based primary care: a scoping review. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.More infoScoping review to evaluate the current psychotropic use patterns for patients receiving home-based primary care.
- Marupuru, S., Patel, M., Campbell, A. M., & Lee, J. K. (2019, February). Use of Melatonin Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Insomnia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 2019 University of Arizona Student Showcase Research Forum. University of Arizona, Tucson: University of Arizona.More infoReceived Katheryne B.Willock Library Research Award ($1000) and First Place in Best Human Health Research Award ($750)
- Weygint, A., Lee, J. K., & Campbell, A. M. (2019, November). ASCP at the University of Arizona.. American Society of Consultant Pharmacists Annual Meeting. Grapevine, TX: American Society of Consultant Pharmacists.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Lee, J. K., Knapp, S., Lo Ciganic, W. H., & Burke, W. J. (2018, May). Extent and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Antidepressant Use among Older Adults with Dementia and Major Depressive Disorder. ISPOR 23rd Annual International Meeting. Baltimore, MD, USA: ISPOR.
- Blocker, K. A., Nie, Q., Ajuwon, A., Rogers, W., Lee, J. K., & Insel, K. C. (2018, October). User Insights for Design of an Antihypertensive Medication Management Application. 2018 International Annual Meeting. Philadelphia, PA: Human Factors and Ergonomics Society.
- Burke, W. J., Warholak, T. L., Lo Ciganic, W. H., Knapp, S., Lee, J. K., Malone, D. C., Patanwala, A. E., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2018, May). Comparison of All-Cause Mortality and All-Cause Hospitalization Risk for Medications to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease. ISPOR 23rd Annual International Meeting. Baltimore, MD, USA: ISPOR.
- Campbell, A. M., Axon, R., Martin, J., Slack, M. K., & Lee, J. K. (2018, May 2018). Melatonin for prevention of postoperative delirium in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. AGS Annual Scientific Meeting. Orlando, FL: American Geriatric Society.
- Campbell, A., Axon, D. R., Martin, J., Slack, M., & Lee, J. K. (2017, May). Melatonin for Prevention of Postoperative Delirium in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American Geriatric Society Annual Meeting.
- Kaitschuck, A., Lee, S., Sassenrath, K., Weng, C., & Lee, J. K. (2018, May). Rx-Free Sleep: Improving Sleep through Behavioral Interventions and Medication Taper Recommendations for Assisted Living Residents. American College of Clinical Pharmacy Virtual Poster Symposium. Online: ACCP.
- Lee, J. K., Blocker, K. A., Insel, K. C., Nie, Q. T., Ajuwon, A., & Rogers, W. A. (2018, September). User Insights for Design of an Antihypertensive Medication Management Application. 5th Health Care Engineering Systems Symposium & Interactive Medical Simulation EXPO. Champaign, IL: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.
- Lee, J. K., Spencer, J., & Tomasa, L. (2018, May). Didactic + Experiential Course to Enhance Aging Competencies. American Geriatric Society Annual Meeting.
- Marupuru, S., Campbell, A. M., & Lee, J. K. (2018, October). Melatonin and Melatonin Receptor Agonists for the Treatment of Insomnia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. American College of Clinical Pharmacy Gobal Conference on Clinical Pharmacy. Seattle, WA: American College of Clinical Pharmacy.
- Murphy, S., Korchmaros, J. D., Huebner Torres, C. I., Lee, J. K., Totman, M. S., & Shaw, S. J. (2018, September). Medication Adherence Among Chronically Ill Hispanic Patients: A Comparison of Adherence Strategies Across Five Age Groups. 10th International Conference on Aging in the Americas. Specific focus: Latino Aging and Health in Social, Institutional, and Environmental Context: Foundations and Frontiers.. Tucson, AZ: International Conference on Aging in the Americas.
- Williams, V., Totman, M. S., Huebner Torres, C. I., Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J. D., & Shaw, S. J. (2018, November). Community Health Worker-Clinical Pharmacist Team approach to Medication Therapy Management within a Federally Qualified Health Center. American Public Health Association (APHA) Annual Meeting & Expo. San Diego, CA: APHA.
- Avila, S., Tate, J., Day, K., & Lee, J. K. (2017, Dec). Qualitative evaluation to identify barriers to providing inhaler technique education by pharmacists: a focus group study. ASHP Midyear.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Axon, D. R., Goldstone, L., & Lee, J. K. (2017, May). Patterns and Predictors of Depression Treatment among Stroke Survivors with Depression in Ambulatory Settings in the United States. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) Annual International Meeting.
- Bhattacharjee, S., Malone, D. C., Warholak, T., Knapp, S., Lo-Ciganic, W. H., Lee, J. K., & Burke, W. J. (2017, October). Comparison of Fall and Fracture Risk for Medications to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease. American Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) Nexus.
- Burke, W. J., Lee, J. K., Lo Ciganic, W. H., Knapp, S., Warholak, T. L., Malone, D. C., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2017, October). Comparison of Fall and Fracture Risk for Medications to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease. AMCP Nexus Meeting 2017. Dallas, TX: Alzheimer's Association.
- Korchmaros, J., Haverly, K., Huebner Torres, C. I., Lee, J. K., Totman, M., & Shaw, S. (2017, Nov). Ensuring Medication Adherence Among Diverse Populations: A Comparison of Self-report and Pill Count Measures. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo.
- Lee, J. K., Goldstone, L. W., Axon, D. R., & Bhattacharjee, S. (2017, May). Patterns and Predictors of Depression Treatment among Stroke Survivors with Depression in Ambulatory Settings in the United States. ISPOR 22nd Annual International Meeting. Boston, MA, USA.
- Lo-Ciganic, W., Gellad, W. F., Donohue, J., Zhou, L., Roubal, M., Hines, L., Lindemann, J., Lee, J. K., Malone, D. C., Bhattacharjee, S., & Kwoh, C. K. (2017, August). Geographic variation of inappropriate prescription opioid use among disabled Medicare beneficiaries. International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management (ICPE 2017).
- Totman, M., Huebner Torres, C., Korchmaros, J., Lee, J. K., & Shaw, S. (2017, Aug). Recruitment Strategies among Diverse, Low-Income Patients with Chronic Disease at a Community Health Center. National Association of Community Health Centers (NACH) Annual Conference & Expo.
- Trinh, D., Chavez, R., Vergel de Dios, D., Lee, J. K., & Slack, M. (2017, May). Pharmacist strategies for the self-management of pain. American College of Clinical Pharmacy Virtual Poster Symposium.
- Vergel de Dios, D., Slack, M. K., Trinh, D., Lee, J. K., Chavez, R., Chavez, R., Trinh, D., Lee, J. K., Vergel de Dios, D., & Slack, M. K. (2017, March 2017). Pharmacists self-management of chronic pain: At goal vs. Not-at-goal. Annual Meeting of the American Pharmacists Association. San Francisco, CA: American Pharmacists Association.
- Lee, J. K., & Dhakal, S. (2016, March). Association between medication beliefs and adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center. American Pharmacists Association Annual Meeting. Baltimore, MD: American Pharmacists Association.
- Lee, J. K., Almutairi, A., Zhou, L., Slack, M., Martin, J., & Lo-Ciganic, J. (2016, May). Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) versus Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) in Atrial Fibrillation (AF): A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Washington, DC: ISPOR.
- Lee, J. K., Alsaid, N., Fazel, M., Slack, M., & Almutari, A. (2016, December). Information required in research reports for inclusion in meta-analysis: cohort studies for evaluating the impact of pharmacist care on diabetes outcomes. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting & Exhibition. Las Vegas, NV: ASHP.
- Lee, J. K., Alsheri, S., & Kurdi, S. (2016, December). Root-cause analysis to develop Preventing Avoidable Admissions Among Assisted Living Elders (PA4LE) intervention. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting & Exhibition. Las Vegas, NV: ASHP.
- Lee, J. K., Gavrilyuk, D., Totman, M., Torres, C. H., Dhakal, S., Korchmaros, J., & Shaw, S. (2016, March). Medication Adherence, Health Literacy and Cultural Beliefs (RxHL) Study. University of Massachusetts Center for Clinical and Translational Science (UMCCTS) Community Engagement and Research Symposium. Worcester, MA: UMCCTS.
- Lee, J. K., Noll, K., & Merchen, J. (2016, December). Evaluation of the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological intervention versus no pharmacological intervention for the treatment of delirium in hospitalized veterans. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting & Exhibition. Las Vegas, NV: ASHP.
- Lee, J. K., Taylor, S., Stocker, H., Heasley, B., Dermody, M., & Mohler, J. (2016, November). St. Luke’s Home Interprofessional Education and Practice (IPEP) Geriatric Screening Clinic: Description & Program Evaluation. Gerontological Society of American (GSA) Annual Scientific Meeting. New Orleans, LA: GSA.
- Lee, J. K., Totman, M., Torres, C. H., Dhakal, S., Korchmaros, J., & Shaw, S. (2016, November). Association between food insecurity and medication adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo. Denver, CO: American Public Health Associatio.
- Lee, J. K., Totman, M., Torres, C. H., Dhakal, S., Korchmaros, J., & Shaw, S. (2016, November). Association between social support and medication adherence among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo. Denver, CO: American Public Health Associatio.
- Lee, J. K., Totman, M., Torres, C. H., Dhakal, S., Korchmaros, J., & Shaw, S. (2016, November). Trends in utilization of original pill bottles vs. pillbox among diverse, low-income patients with chronic disease at a community health center in Massachusetts. American Public Health Association Annual Meeting & Expo. Denver, CO: American Public Health Associatio.
- Slack, M. K., Lo Ciganic, W. H., Almutari, A., Lili, Z., Lee, J. K., & Martin, J. R. (2016, Mary 2016). Comparative effectiveness and safety of dabigatran versus vitamin K antagonists in atrial fibrillation: A meta-analysis of observational studies. ISPOR. Washington, D.C.: ISPOR.
- Blaszczyk, A., Estus, E., Emptage, c., Lee, J. K., & Brodeur, M. (2015, May). Developing a Geriatric Pharmacy Curriculum Guide, 3rd Edition. American Geriatrics Society Annual Meeting. National Harbor, MD.
- Lee, J. K., Nguyen, S., & Yano, B. (2015, April). Educational intervention on hypertension and cardiovascular health for older adults. Arizona Geriatrics Society Spring Conference.
- Macedo, L., Haines, S., Lee, J. K., Valaitis, R., Sturpe, D. A., Russell, G., Clauson, K., & Saleh, A. (2015, September). What is the impact of interprofessional primary care practice on patient and healthcare outcomes? A scoping review. Collaborating Across Borders (CAB) V. Roanoke, VA.
- Shaw, S., Huebner Torres, C. I., Totman, M., Korchmaros, J., Lee, J. K., Dhakal, S., & Hilton, A. (2015, August). RxHL : Health literacy and medication adherence among community health center patients with chronic disease. National Association of Community Health Centers Conference. Orlando, FL.
- Totman, M., Huebner Torres, C. I., Lee, J. K., Korchmaros, J., Dhakal, S., Hilton, A., & Shaw, S. (2015, November). Association between Social Support and Health Literacy among community health center patients with chronic disease. 143rd American Public Health Association Meeting. Chicago, IL.
- Zhou, R., Wong, W., Vaughn, C., & Lee, J. K. (2015, December). Effectiveness of an interactive approach to educate older adults and caregivers on Alzheimer’s disease. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear Clinical Meeting and Exhibition. New Orleans, LA.
- Lee, J. K., & Leonetti, G. G. (2014, July). Awareness of medication-related fall risk: a survey of community-dwelling older adults.. 115th Annual Meeting of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Grapevine, TX.
- Lee, J. K., & Townsend, H. (2014, April). Pharmacists in Geriatric Care Teams: Evidence and NICHE Example.. NICHE Annual Clinical Meeting. San Diego, CA.
- Lee, J. K., Alshehri, S., & Chinthammit, C. (2014, December). Risk of gastrointestinal bleeding from concurrent use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in geriatric population.. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. Anaheim, CA.
- Lee, J. K., Carrasco, K., & Merchen, J. (2014, March). Effect of testosterone therapy on reducing the risk of fractures in older men with low testosterone.. 47th Annual Southwestern Clinical Pharmacy Seminar. Tucson, AZ.
- Lee, J. K., Dermody, M., Mohler, J., Heasley, B., & Parikh, T. (2014, October). Building an Academic Assisted Living Center: Interprofessional Education & Practice (IPEP) Partnership.. 2014 Jefferson Center for InterProfessional Education Conference. Philadelphia, PA.
- Lee, J. K., Henry, N., Huynh, S., Huang, J., Guzman, M., & Dewey, B. (2014, November). The development of interprofessional clinics at a low income assisted living facility to achieve quality person-centered care.. American Society of Consultant Pharmacists.
- Lee, J. K., Herrier, R. N., & Cooley, J. H. (2014, July). From Knowledge to Advanced Patient Care: Active Learning Preparation for Pharmacy Practice. AACP Annual Meeting in Grapevine, TX. Grapevine, Texas: American Association of College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K., Nguyen, S., & Yano, B. (2014, December). Effects of an educational intervention on hypertension and cardiovascular health awareness among community-dwelling older adults.. ASHP Midyear Clinical Meeting. Anaheim, CA.
- Chau, B., Vo, T., Lee, Y. L., Slack, M. K., Lee, J. K., & Martin, J. R. (2013, December). Using meta-analysis to explore the factors affecting the potency of pharmacists’ patient interventions. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Midyear Clinical Meeting. Orlando, FL: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists.
Reviews
- Lee, J. K. (2023. Alternative Remedies. HealthinAging.org.
- Lee, J. K. (2023. Korean American Older Adults: A Guide to Managing Your Health(pp Cultural Navigator Online Book). GeriatricsCareOnline.org.
- Lee, J. K. (2023. Medications Work Differently In Older Adults. HealthinAging.org.
- Lee, J. K. (2023. Tip Sheet: Avoiding Overmedication and Harmful Drug Reactions . HealthinAging.org.
- Lee, J. K. (2023. What Older Adults Can Do to Manage Medications. HealthinAging.org.
Creative Productions
- Lee, J. K. (2017. Deprescribing Opioids. Online Module in Pain Management Program "Integrative Pain Management"UA College of Medicine and Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine.
- Lee, J. K. (2016. Medications and Falls. KGUN9 Morning Blend - Pima County Health Department Fall Prevention Week Series. Tucson, AZ: KGUN9-Television. https://youtu.be/7KjT-zZAE-w
- Lee, J. K. (2016. Primary Care - Patient Assessment for Pharmaceuticals, Supplements and Herb Use. Animated Video - Script and Audio RecordingNational Center for Integrative Primary Healthcare.
- Lee, J. K. (2016. “Bad medicine: Problems plague those with several prescriptions”. Green Valley News Featured Article. Green Valley, AZ: Green Valley News. http://www.gvnews.com/news/bad-medicine-problems-plague-those-with-several-prescriptions/article_f6f2333a-c78f-11e6-9e02-4bec2a104828.html
- Lee, J. K. (2016. “Reducing Fragility Fractures in the Elderly Population”. Pharmacy Practice News, Clinical SectionPharmacy Practice News. http://www.pharmacypracticenews.com/Clinical/Article/11-16/Reducing-Fragility-Fractures-in-the-Elderly-Population/38607
- Lee, J. K. (2016. “Steps to a good night’s sleep”. University of Arizona Health Sciences Blog. Tucson, AZ: University of Arizona Health Sciences. http://uahs.arizona.edu/blog/2016-03-17/steps-good-night%E2%80%99s-sleep
- Lee, J. K. (2015. Introduction Video for Weaver Award Team Visit to St. Luke's Home. Video productionUA College of Pharmacy.
- Lee, J. K. (2015. Video: IPSF International Dinner Top Chef Competition Judge. VideoIPSF. https://www.dropbox.com/s/f0g7o7e3z45yirf/Judges%20promo%202.mp4?dl=0
Other Teaching Materials
- Lee, J. K. (2023. CAIPER CE Modules on Team Decision Making in Primary Care. AZ State Univ CAIPER.
- Lee, J. K. (2016. Delirium Management Pocketcard. Banner University Medical Center.
- Lee, J. K. (2016. Foundations in Integrative Primary Health. National Center for Integrative Primary Healthcare.More info45-hour online Integrative Health curriculum for interprofessional practitioners and trainees
- Lee, J. K. (2016. Primary Care - Polypharmacy Assessment by Pharmacist. National Center for Integrative Primary Healthcare.
Others
- Levine, H., & Lee, J. K. (2019, December). The Easy Way to Swallow Pills: Six tips to make taking your medications simpler. Consumer Reports. https://www.consumerreports.org/drugs/easy-way-to-swallow-pills/More infoWas interviewed for this consumer reports article
